成都市城区6～12岁儿童超重和肥胖的流行现状

目的 为了解成都市城区学龄期儿童超重及肥胖的情况,及时对超重及肥胖儿童进行干预和治疗.方法 选取成都市3个城区6所小学共3769名6～12岁健康儿童进行调查,以身高别体重为参数,以WHO肥胖的诊断标准为依据.结果 儿童超重率和肥胖率分别为8.9%和8.5%,总体肥胖-超重比为1.05.肥胖发生率在7～10岁有随年龄增高的趋势,而在11～12岁有随年龄下降的趋势,10岁组肥胖率最高.整体人群中男童肥胖的发生率＞女童,χ2＝29.38,P＜0.01.结论 成都市城区学龄儿童超重及肥胖的发生率虽然远低于国外发达国家,但与国内城市比较仍处于一个较高的水平;特别是学龄期男孩的肥胖应该引起我们的高度重视.     

对国有医院资产授权运营模式的思考

针对我国现有医疗卫生改革的现状及其原因,从医院运营机制角度出发,阐明了医院国有资产授权运营模式的可行性及授权运营具体操作模式,为如何有效解决有限的国有卫生资源投入与人民日益增长的卫生健康需求之间的矛盾提出了一种新的思路.     

Six- and Twelve-Month Outcomes among Homeless Youth Accessing Therapy and Case Management Services through an Urban Drop-in Center

Research Objective. To evaluate the impact of case management and individual therapy offered through a drop-in center for homeless youth on substance use, mental health, housing, education, employment, and medical care utilization.
Study Population. All youth ( n =172) between the ages of 14–24 who accessed treatment services through an urban, southwestern drop-in center were included.
Data Source. Semistructured and self-report questionnaires were administered to youth between October 2002 and April 2005.
Study Design. A repeated measures design was utilized. Youth were assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months postbaseline. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to test the hypotheses.
Principal Findings. Statistically significant improvements were found in substance abuse, mental health, and percent days housed up to 12 months postbaseline. Decreased alcohol and drug use was associated with an increase in housing. However, most youth did not acquire permanent housing, and education, employment, and medical service utilization did not significantly change over time.
Conclusions. While treatment offered through drop-in centers for homeless youth can positively impact homeless youth, policy, funding, and service provision need greater focus, collaboration, and support if youth homelessness is to be successfully addressed.     

西洋参喷施ABT生根粉增产试验

西洋参喷施ＡＢＴ生根粉能够促进生长发育，茎高、茎粗、叶长、叶宽都有明显增长，且减少发病率，叶绿素含量提高２．２７％。参根单产提高３１．５１％。     

Horizontal appendicular dysmetria in four patients with a typical Wallenberg's syndrome

During the acute stage of a Wallenberg's syndrome ipsilateral appendicular dysmetria is frequently seen. The dysmetria is more apparent in the ipsilateral upper extremity. These patients also have a peculiar type of dysmetric eye movements that are characterized by hypermetric saccades toward the side of the lesion and hypometric saccades to the opposite side. We examined four patients with acute Wallenberg's syndrome and found horizontal dysmetria of the affected extremity. Hypermetric arm and hand movements were present to the side of the lesion and hypometric movements toward the opposite side. This type of dysmetria is probably related to the same patophysiological mechanism that underlies dysmetric eye movements in the Wallenberg's syndrome. The dysmetria tends to disappear with time although it continues to be present in some patients six months after the ischemic damage.     

Videolaryngoscopic evaluation of the larynx and acoustic voice analysis of children with laryngeal injuries after prolonged intubation

We present videolaryngoscopic findings of larynx of children with the injury after prolonged intubation. We pay attention on the mechanisms of the injury, risk factors and consequences. In our opinion videolaryngoscopy is a very valuable method of child larynx examination. We use computed acoustic analysis of voice to estimate results of phoniatric rehabilitation.     

筛动脉眶内段及窦内段的应用解剖研究

目的：研究筛动脉的走行规律及局部位置关系,为筛窦手术和视神经管减压术提供参考。方法：采用显微解剖学技术对６０ 侧成人筛动脉眶内段和窦内段进行观察和测量。结果：筛前动脉眶内段长（５．１６±１．２４）ｍ ｍ ,管径为（０．５６±０．１７）ｍ ｍ ;筛后动脉眶内段长（９．０８±２．２９）ｍ ｍ ,管径为（０．３７±０．１４）ｍ ｍ 。筛动脉的周围有致密结缔组织构成的筋膜鞘,该鞘包绕与之并行的筛神经和筛静脉,筋膜鞘在筛动脉窦内段亦存在。筛动脉窦内行程有三种类型：走在骨管内;走在筛房顶壁和筛粘膜之间;部分走在骨管内。结论：在筛窦手术或视神经管减压术中,正确寻找和处理筛动脉有重要意义     

Preclinical oral antitumor activity of BMS-185660, a paclitaxel derivative

Purpose: A water soluble paclitaxel derivative, BMS-185660, identified previously as having parenteral activity comparable with that of the parent drug, was evaluated for antitumor activity when given orally. Methods: Staged subcutaneous (s.c.) tumor models of both murine and human origin were used for this purpose. Results: BMS-185660 achieved levels of activity following oral administration which were comparable with those maximum effects obtained using intravenous (i.v.) paclitaxel. Consecutive daily oral administrations of BMS-185660 resulted in maximum gross log cell kill (LCK) values of 1.7–2.0 in two experiments involving the s.c. Madison 109 murine lung tumor model, which were comparable with the best effects of the derivative injected intravenously, and 0.3 to 0.9 LCK greater than the maximum effects obtained with i.v. paclitaxel; paclitaxel given orally was inactive. Against a human ovarian tumor model with developed resistance to cisplatin (A2780/cDDP), oral BMS-185660 achieved a maximum LCK of 1.8 compared with i.v. paclitaxel, which produced a maximum 2.4 LCK. Also, in the human HCT-116 colon carcinoma model, oral BMS-185660 cured a maximum of seven of eight mice compared with six of seven mice cured with i.v. paclitaxel. The loss in potency between comparably effective intravenously and orally administered doses of BMS-185660 was about four- to five-fold, but since no drug-associated lethality was ever observed following the oral administration of the highest doses of BMS-185660, further dose escalation may have been tolerated. The intermediate metabolite between BMS-185660 and paclitaxel is BMS-181681. This compound was also evaluated orally and found not to be active versus s.c. M109, despite demonstrating good activity by the i.v. route. Conclusion: The comparable activities of both intravenously and orally administered BMS-185660 to intravenously administered paclitaxel, combined with the attribute of improved water solubility, provides a good basis for further derivative development. Received: 10 September 1999 / Accepted: 16 March 2000     

Physical properties of new collimator cone system for stereotactic radiation therapy developed in samsung medical center

PURPOSE: A new collimator cone system has been developed at the Samsung Medical Center that overcomes some of the limitations of present commercially supplied collimator cones. The physical properties of the newly developed cone system are described in this report. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The new cones have relatively larger aperture sizes (3.0-7.0 cm in diameter) and are 16 cm in length. Each new cone is fabricated with cerrobend alloy melted and poured into a stainless steel housing that is permanently fixed to a mounting plate. The mounting plate of the new cone is designed to insert into the wedge mount slot of the gantry head. The mechanical accuracy of the central axis of the cone pointing to the isocenter was tested using film, a steel ball positioned at the isocenter by the mechanical isocenter device. For the evaluation of beam flatness and penumbra, off-axis ratios at 5 cm depth were measured by film dosimetry using polystyrene phantom. RESULTS: The average error of the mechanical isocenter was 0.27 mm (+/- 0.16 mm). The beam flatness was excellent in the central region of the beam, and the average penumbra width was 3.35 mm (+/- 0.25 mm). The new cone design has more clearance between the patient's head and the gantry, and can more easily be removed from the gantry head because it slides in and out of the wedge slot. This facilitates changing cone sizes during one treatment session, and makes the process of double exposure port films easier. CONCLUSIONS: A new collimator cone system for stereotactic radiation therapy has been developed. The mechanical accuracy and physical properties are satisfactory for clinical use, and the new design permits a wider range of clinical applications for stereotactic radiation therapy.     

詹文涛教授辨证治疗多发性硬化经验

目的：总结詹文涛教授辨证论治多发性硬化经验。方法：对48例多发性硬化患者分为脾肾亏虚型(15例)予补中益气汤合六味地黄汤；肝肾阴虚型(11例)予自拟乌精地黄汤或杞菊地黄汤；气虚血瘀型(9例)选益气聪明汤合补阳还五汤；阴虚阳亢型(7例)选天麻钩藤饮或镇肝熄风汤；痰湿壅盛型(6例)给予半夏白术天麻汤合泽泻汤等治疗。结果：有效率92％。结论：詹文涛教授辨证论治多发性硬化特色突出，疗效显著。