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991.
Charles H. Klein Carmela G. Lomonaco Rik Pavlescak Josefina J. Card 《AIDS and behavior》2013,17(9):3013-3023
WiLLOW is an evidence-based, group level HIV prevention program for African-American women living with HIV. This study evaluated the efficacy of a multimedia adaptation of WiLLOW in enhancing protective sexual behaviors and psychosocial mediators associated with HIV risk reduction. Using a randomized controlled design, 168 participants completed baseline, satisfaction, and three-month follow-up assessments. At follow-up intervention participants reported higher proportions of condom protected sex acts (p = .002) with both HIV-negative (p = .040) and HIV-positive (p = .003) partners. They were also more likely to report 100 % condom use (OR = 9.67; p = .03); fewer unprotected vaginal and anal sex acts (p = .002); significantly greater sexual communication self-efficacy (p = .004); and less stress (p = .012). Participants rated Multimedia WiLLOW favorably in four satisfaction categories—enjoyment (p < .001); information utility (p = .018); information clarity (p = .015) and held attention (p = .01). 相似文献
992.
Jorge Labrador Maria Auxiliadora Aparicio A. Santos-Briz T. Flores Ramon García-Sanz 《Rheumatology international》2013,33(12):3065-3068
Kikuchi’s disease, also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a rare, benign, and self-limited disorder of unknown cause that is usually characterized by cervical lymphadenopathy and fever. The etiology and pathogenesis remain unknown, but the clinical presentation, course, and histologic changes suggest an immune response of T cells and histiocytes to an infectious agent. Numerous inciting agents have been proposed. However, the association between human herpesvirus 7 and Kikuchi’s disease has been rarely reported as a possible etiologic agent of Kikuchi’s disease. We report the case of a 24-year-old Caucasian female patient with cervical lymphadenopathy and isolated pruriginous maculo-papular lesions who was diagnosed of Kikuchi’s disease in whom the presence of human herpesvirus 7 DNA was documented in the affected lymph node specimen in the absent of other viruses. Therefore, a possible etiologic relation between the Kikuchi’s disease of this patient and human herpesvirus 7 was established, supporting a role for human herpesvirus 7 involvement in the pathogenesis. 相似文献
993.
Lucía Pérez-Cabornero Mar Infante Eladio Velasco Enrique Lastra Cristina Miner Mercedes Durán 《International journal of colorectal disease》2013,28(9):1195-1201
Background
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is caused by heterozygous mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes. Approximately 85 % of genetically defined HNPCC patients have germline mutations in MLH1 and MSH2. HNPCC patients are at increased risk of developing extracolonic cancers. The early age of onset, predominantly right-sided colon cancers, and synchronous and metachronous cancers are other features of the syndrome. HNPCC shows heterogeneous clinical phenotypes, and differences in gene mutation frequencies have been observed in some countries. Several investigators have tried to correlate the phenotype with the affected gene.Methods
A total of 46 individuals from 22 unrelated families, of the 264 families fulfilling the inclusion criteria, with deleterious mutations in MLH1, MSH2, or MSH6 genes were identified. We evaluated these clinicopathological features in their relation to different genetic parameters (gene mutated, type of mutation, or alteration of the MMR system in high-risk families) in order to establish a relationship between the phenotype and the genotype in our series.Results
The phenotype of the disease seems not to be influenced by the type of mutation, but rather by the mutated gene. The presence of multiple tumors is associated with mutations in the MSH2 gene. The mean age at diagnosis of the first colorectal cancer (CRC) was almost identical in families with mutations in MLH1 and MSH2, about 50 years of age, but this age may increase by almost 10 years for MSH6 mutation carriers.Conclusion
The identification of genotype–phenotype correlations could provide a more specific surveillance program focused on the individualized risk. 相似文献994.
Andrew S. Wilson Emma L. Brown Chiara Villa Niels Lynnerup Andrew Healey Maria Constanza Ceruti Johan Reinhard Carlos H. Previgliano Facundo Arias Araoz Josefina Gonzalez Diez Timothy Taylor 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2013,110(33):13322-13327
Examination of three frozen bodies, a 13-y-old girl and a girl and boy aged 4 to 5 y, separately entombed near the Andean summit of Volcán Llullaillaco, Argentina, sheds new light on human sacrifice as a central part of the Imperial Inca capacocha rite, described by chroniclers writing after the Spanish conquest. The high-resolution diachronic data presented here, obtained directly from scalp hair, implies escalating coca and alcohol ingestion in the lead-up to death. These data, combined with archaeological and radiological evidence, deepen our understanding of the circumstances and context of final placement on the mountain top. We argue that the individuals were treated differently according to their age, status, and ritual role. Finally, we relate our findings to questions of consent, coercion, and/or compliance, and the controversial issues of ideological justification and strategies of social control and political legitimation pursued by the expansionist Inca state before European contact. 相似文献
995.
Pérez-Persona E Vidriales MB Mateo G García-Sanz R Mateos MV de Coca AG Galende J Martín-Nuñez G Alonso JM de Las Heras N Hernández JM Martín A López-Berges C Orfao A San Miguel JF 《Blood》2007,110(7):2586-2592
Monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) are plasma cell disorders with a risk of progression of approximately 1% and 10% per year, respectively. We have previously shown that the proportion of bone marrow (BM) aberrant plasma cells (aPCs) within the BMPC compartment (aPC/BMPC) as assessed by flow cytometry (FC) contributes to differential diagnosis between MGUS and multiple myloma (MM). The goal of the present study was to investigate this parameter as a marker for risk of progression in MGUS (n = 407) and SMM (n = 93). Patients with a marked predominance of aPCs/BMPC (> or = 95%) at diagnosis displayed a significantly higher risk of progression both in MGUS and SMM (P< .001). Multivariate analysis for progression-free survival (PFS) selected the percentage aPC/BMPC (> or = 95%) as the most important independent variable, together with DNA aneuploidy and immunoparesis, for MGUS and SMM, respectively. Using these independent variables, we have identified 3 risk categories in MGUS (PFS at 5 years of 2%, 10%, and 46%, respectively; P< .001) and SMM patients (PFS at 5 years of 4%, 46%, and 72%, respectively; P < .001). Our results show that multiparameter FC evaluation of BMPC at diagnosis is a valuable tool that could help to individualize the follow-up strategy for MGUS and SMM patients. 相似文献
996.
Pontieri V Neto AS de França Camargo AF Koike MK Velasco IT 《Journal of electrocardiology》2007,40(6):534-534.e8
Introduction
Catuama, an herbal drug very popular in Brazil, was tested on the reversion and prevention of ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the isolated rabbit heart.Materials and Methods
Catuama (a mixture of Trichilia catigua, Paullinia cupana, Ptychopetalum olacoides, and Zinziber officinalis) was perfused in the isolated perfused rabbit heart. Its effects on intraventricular conduction, heart rate, and monophasic action potential (MAP) duration were evaluated, and sustained VF was induced. The effects on reversion and reinduction of arrhythmia were observed, and new measures were taken in the hearts that reverted.Results
Catuama and T catigua reverted VF in all hearts, prevented reinduction, and prolonged intraventricular conduction. Catuama prolonged MAP phase 2. On the other hand, P cupana reverted VF in 3 of 5 hearts, but depressed automatism, prolonged MAP phase 3, and did not prevent reinduction.Discussion
Catuama reverted and prevented VF in this model. T catigua extract is probably the main agent responsible for the beneficial actions observed. Further studies are now in progress to clarify these actions. 相似文献997.
Solano-Gallego L Rodríguez-Cortés A Iniesta L Quintana J Pastor J Espada Y Portús M Alberola J 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2007,76(4):676-680
A cross-sectional serosurvey using Leishmania infantum ELISA was performed on 445 cats living in ecoregions around the Northwestern Mediterranean basin; 58 cats from an area of the US where leishmaniasis is not endemic were used as negative controls. ELISA results were further confirmed in 69 cats by Western blot (WB). Finally, 76 of them were also tested for FeLV and FIV. Seroprevalence by ELISA-prot A was 6.29%, and that by ELISA-IgG was 5.25%. Positive cat sera recognized patterns of polypeptides in WB, including L. infantum-specific antigenic fractions. There was no association with retroviruses. Leishmania-specific antibodies are prevalent in cats living in ecoregions around the Northwestern Mediterranean basin; thus, leishmaniasis must be included in the differential diagnosis of diseases in cats living in these ecoregions. Their role as peridomestic reservoirs for L. infantum needs further characterization, but it could be hypothesized that the cat is a secondary reservoir host, rather than an accidental one. 相似文献
998.
Dietary manipulation, including protein, phosphorus, and sodium restriction, when coupled with the vegetarian nature of the renal diet and ketoacid supplementation can potentially exert a cardiovascular protective effect in chronic renal failure patients by acting on both traditional and nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors. Blood pressure control may be favored by the reduction of sodium intake and by the vegetarian nature of the diet, which is very important also for lowering serum cholesterol and improving plasma lipid profile. The low protein and phosphorus intake has a crucial role for reducing proteinuria and preventing and reversing hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, which are major causes of the vascular calcifications, cardiac damage, and mortality risk of uremic patients. The reduction of nitrogenous waste products and lowering of serum PTH levels may also help ameliorate insulin sensitivity and metabolic control in diabetic patients, as well as increase the responsiveness to erythropoietin therapy, thus allowing greater control of anemia. Protein-restricted diets may have also anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Thus, putting aside the still debatable effects on the progression of renal disease and the more admitted effects on uremic signs and symptoms, it is possible that a proper nutritional treatment early in the course of renal disease may be useful also to reduce the cardiovascular risk in the renal patient. However, conclusive data cannot yet be drawn because quality studies are lacking in this field; future studies should be planned to assess the effect of renal diets on hard outcomes, as cardiovascular events or mortality. 相似文献
999.
Sastre JB Aparicio AR Cotallo GD Colomer BF Hernández MC;Grupo de Hospitales Castrillo 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》2007,22(10):1735-1741
The objective of this study was to assess clinical characteristics and results of radio imaging studies and compare community-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI) with nosocomial UTI in 301 neonates with UTI consecutively admitted to 28 neonatal units in Spain over 3 years (community-acquired UTI, n = 250; nosocomial UTI, n = 51). UTI was diagnosed in the presence of symptoms of infection together with any colony growth for a single pathogen from urine obtained by suprapubic aspiration, or >or=10(4) CFU/ml for a single pathogen from urine obtained by urethral catheterization. Abnormal renal ultrasound was present in 37.1% of cases (34% in community-acquired UTI and 54.5% in nosocomial UTI, P < 0.01). The voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) showed vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in 27% of cases (23.8% in community-acquired UTI and 48.6% in nosocomial UTI, P < 0.01). In patients with abnormal renal ultrasound and VUR, renal scan with dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) performed early after UTI revealed cortical defects in 69.5% of cases. However, in patients with abnormal renal ultrasound and normal VCUG, DMSA also revealed cortical defects in 39% of cases. The absence of VUR in neonates with UTI and abnormal renal ultrasound does not exclude the presence of cortical defects suggestive of pyelonephritis. 相似文献
1000.
Introduction Although most vaccines target foreign infectious agents, therapeutic cancer vaccines target both well-established and metastatic
tumor cells expressing tumor antigens. Active immunotherapy is intended to enhance or activate the immunosurveillance of an
individual through a therapeutic vaccine. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most immunoresponsive cancers in humans,
which in turn makes it an ideal candidate for immune based therapies.
Method Several types of therapeutic vaccines have been tested and applied in the clinical setting and can be divided into cell-based
vaccines including direct application of inactivated autologous tumor cells, gene modified tumor cell-based, dendritic cell-based
(expressing RCC derived tumor antigens), and non-cell-based vaccines. This review will examine the current status of cell-based
vaccine immunotherapy and focuses on non-cell-based vaccine strategies.
Conclusion Recent advances in molecular targeting therapy have introduced a battery receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and mTOR inhibitors
that provide promising treatment options, however, the tolerability of tumor vaccines and the success of clinical effectiveness
in selected populations combined with recent advances in cellular therapies warrant the continued exploration of novel methods
of tumor vaccine therapies in the clinical setting. 相似文献