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111.
M Camacho A Martinez-Perez A Buil L Siguero S Alcolea S López J Fontcuberta JC Souto L Vila JM Soria 《Atherosclerosis》2012,224(1):129-135
ObjectiveLeukotrienes (LT) play a role in inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Although some studies suggest that there are genes that determine variability of some LT-related phenotypes, the genetic influence on these phenotypes has not been evaluated.MethodsThe relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences to the 5-lipoxygenase pathway-related phenotypes (5-Lipoxygenase, five lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP), LTA4-hydrolase and LTC4-synthase expression, and LTB4-plasma concentration and LTB4 production by stimulated whole blood) were assessed in a sample of 934 individuals in 35 extended families. Our design is based on extended families recruited through a probands with idiopathic thrombophilia. This strategy allows us the analysis of the effects of measured covariates (such as sex, age and smoking), genes, and environmental variables shared by members of a household.ResultsAll of these phenotypes showed significant genetic contributions, with heritabilities ranging from 0.33 to 0.51 for enzyme expression and from 0.25 to 0.50 for LTB4 production of the residual phenotypic variance. Significant phenotypic and genetic correlation among the LT-related traits was found. More importantly, FLAP and LTA4-hydrolase expression exhibit significant genetic correlations with arterial thrombosis, indicating that some of the genes that influence quantitative variation in these phenotypes also influence the risk of thrombosis.ConclusionThis is the first study that quantifies the genetic component of 5-Lipoxygenase pathway phenotypes. The high heritability of these traits and the significant genetic correlations between arterial thrombosis and some of these phenotypes suggest that the exploitation of correlated quantitative phenotypes will aid the search for susceptibility genes. 相似文献
112.
Rivas-Ubach A Sardans J Pérez-Trujillo M Estiarte M Peñuelas J 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2012,109(11):4181-4186
Shifts in the elemental stoichiometry of organisms in response to their ontogeny and to changing environmental conditions should be related to metabolomic changes because elements operate mostly as parts of molecular compounds. Here we show this relationship in leaves of Erica multiflora throughout their seasonal development and in response to moderate experimental field conditions of drought and warming. The N/P ratio in leaves decreased in the metabolically active growing seasons, coinciding with an increase in the content of primary metabolites. These results support the growth-rate hypothesis that states that rapidly growing organisms present low N/P ratios because of the increase in allocation of P to RNA. The foliar N/K and P/K ratios were lower in summer and in the drought treatment, in accordance with the role of K in osmotic protection, and coincided with the increase of compounds related to the avoidance of water stress. These results provide strong evidence of the relationship between the changes in foliar C/N/P/K stoichiometry and the changes in the leaf's metabolome during plant growth and environmental stress. Thus these results represent a step in understanding the relationships between stoichiometry and an organism's lifestyle. 相似文献
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Sancho-Puchades M Vílchez-Pérez MÁ Valmaseda-Castellón E Paredes-García J Berini-Aytés L Gay-Escoda C 《Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal》2012,17(3):e462-e468
Objective: To compare the anesthetic action of 0.5% bupivacaine in relation to 4% articaine, both with 1:200,000 epinephrine, in the surgical removal of lower third molars. As a secondary objective hemodynamic changes using both anesthetics were analyzed.
Study Design: Triple-blind crossover randomized clinical trial. Eighteen patients underwent bilateral removal of impacted lower third molars using 0.5% bupivacaine or 4% articaine in two different appointments. Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative variables were recorded. Differences were assessed with McNemar tests and repeated measures ANOVA tests.
Results: Both solutions exhibited similar latency times and intraoperative efficacy. Statistical significant lower pain levels were observed with bupivacaine between the fifth (p=0.011) and the ninth (p=0.007) postoperative hours. Bupivacaine provided significantly longer lasting soft tissue anesthesia (p<0.05). Systolic blood pressure and heart rate values were significantly higher with articaine.
Conclusions: Bupivacaine could be a valid alternative to articaine especially due to its early postoperative pain prevention ability.
Key words:Bupivacaine, articaine, third molar, anesthesia, postoperative pain. 相似文献
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Viviane Kovess‐Masfety Jordi Alonso Matthias Angermeyer Evelyn Bromet Giovanni de Girolamo Peter de Jonge Koen Demyttenaere Silvia E. Florescu Michael J. Gruber Oye Gureje Chiyi Hu Yueqin Huang Elie G. Karam Robert Jin Jean‐Pierre Lpine Daphna Levinson Katie A. McLaughlin María E. Medina‐Mora Siobhan O'Neill Yutaka Ono Jos A. Posada‐Villa Nancy A. Sampson Kate M. Scott Victoria Shahly Dan J. Stein Maria C. Viana Zahari Zarkov Ronald C. Kessler 《Depression and anxiety》2013,30(4):395-406
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