LASEK对角膜内皮细胞的影响

目的:评价准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术(LASEK)对中央角膜内皮细胞的影响。方法:选择无配戴接触镜史的-6.00￣-19.00D[(-9.56±3.44)D]高度近视患者49例(90只眼)进行LASEK治疗,按照角膜切削面距离角膜内皮层厚度分为两组,组1:35眼为275￣300μm,组2:55眼为300μm以上,各组患眼于术前和术后1、4、12周观察和分析中央角膜内皮的细胞密度(CCD)、变异系数和六角型细胞百分比。结果:LASEK手术前后角膜内皮细胞密度,变异系数差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05),上述两项指标的变化与切削深度不存在统计学的相关性;LASEK术后六角型细胞百分比显著下降(P<0.05),其下降程度与角膜切削深度呈现显著正相关(P<0.001);上述三项指标的变化与切削面距离内皮层厚度不存在统计学的相关性。结论:LASEK术后早期对中央部角膜内皮细胞产生可观察到的影响,表现为细胞形态的改变,其对角膜内皮细胞的远期影响有待进一步的观察。     

Influence of the femoral head size on early postoperative gait restoration after total hip arthroplasty

Background We investigated the effects of using large-diameter femoral heads in total hip prostheses on eady postoperative gait restoration in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods We collected data for 19 primary THAs using 28-mm metal-on-polyethylene heads (conventional group) and for 12 THAs (BHR group) using metal-on-metal femoral heads with an average size of 45 mm (range, 40-49 mm). All patients had unilateral femoral head avascular necrosis. All patients underwent Harris Hip Scores evaluation and gait analysis with the IDEEA device at the same 3 time points which were before surgery and then at 1 month and again at 3 months after surgery, and the parameters measured were walking speed, stride length (SL), single limb support (SLS), cycle duration (CD), and swing power (SP). Harris Hip Scores and gait analysis parameters for both groups were compared.Results Intraclass comparison indicated that Harris Hip Scores, speed scores, and gait parameter measures in both groups improved significantly with the passage of time; Interclass comparison showed no significance between Harris1m postop - Harrispreop and Harris3m postop- Harrispreop in both groups. The speed in the BHR group at 1 month and at 3 months after surgery was significantly higher than that of conventional group. At 1 month after surgery, each mean for SLnormal-SLaffected, (SLSnormal - SLSaffected)/CD, and SPnormal - SPaffocted in the BHR group was significantly lower than that for the conventional group. At 3 months after surgery, the differences between means for both groups for SLnormal - SLaffected.(SLSnormal- SLSaffected)/CD, and SPnormal - SPaffected were not significant, but the mean of SPnormal - SPaffected in the BHR group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group.Conclusions Our data suggest that large-diameter femoral heads in THA provide better early gait restoration than conventional-size femoral heads.     

基于 LabVIEW的信号发生器和虚拟示波器综合测试仪的设计

LabVIEW是一种图形化编程软件,使用灵活方便,在该环境中,用户能够根据实际需要构造各种虚拟仪器.本文介绍一种在 LabVIEW环境中设计的信号发生器和虚拟示波器综合测试仪的方法,利用该仪器可以方便记录数据、数据回放.     

影响核磁共振图像均匀度的因素和检定方法

图像均匀度指的是图像的均匀程度,它描述了MRI系统对体模内同一物质区域的再现能力。图像均匀度是衡量磁共振图像的重要指标,它直接影响到图像质量的好坏以及图像的诊断价值。本文就其检定方法以及影像均匀度好坏的因素进行论述。     

Eagle4000监护仪原理与校准和维修

本文简要介绍了Eagle4000型监护仪的工作原理和相关技术参数的校准方法，同时介绍了常见故障的原因分析和检修方法。     

XD600电解质分析仪的一例故障与处理

XD600电解质分析仪管道细密，若血清标本分离不彻底，就会导致该仪器管道堵塞，影响血清标本检测结果，本文介绍一排除管道堵塞的方法。     

容桂成人脂肪肝流行病学调查和综合干预

目的明确容桂地区成人脂肪肝的患病率及其主要危险因素并加以干预。方法通过随机多级分层整群抽样对10个居委会进行编号,逐户调查居民小组所有16岁以上的市民,内容涉及问卷咨询、体格检查、葡萄糖耐量试验、血脂检测以及肝脏实时超声检查。通过流行病学调查,确定容桂地区脂肪肝的患病率;将调查数据进行统计分析,寻找出该病的危险因素;对高危人群及现患者进行综合干预。结果14069名成人完成调查,B超共检出脂肪肝2324例,占16.52%。经年龄和性别调整后,容桂地区成人脂肪肝患病率为17.80%,Kappa分析显示流行病学抽样调查超声诊断脂肪肝的可信度良好(Kappa值=0.817)。总体男性脂肪肝患病率始终显著高于女性(2=16.327,p<0.01)。结论容桂地区成人脂肪肝患病率(17.80%)比上海(20.82%)成人脂肪肝患病率低,比江苏省成人脂肪肝患病率(16.11%)高。主要为非酒精性脂肪肝、肥胖及其相关的多元代谢紊乱较过量饮酒与脂肪肝的关系更为密切。     

肝硬化门静脉高压症患者血浆NO和ET-1的临床意义

目的探讨肝硬化门脉高压患者血浆一氧化氮(NO)和内皮素1(ET-1)水平与食管静脉曲张和腹水的关系。方法76例肝硬化患者血浆NO、ET-1与其食管静脉曲张内镜评分、门静脉内径、腹水分级评分、血清白蛋白等四项指标进行非参数统计等级相关分析。结果血浆NO、ET-1与食管静脉曲张程度和门静脉内径呈正相关，与血清白蛋白呈负相关；血浆ET-1与腹水程度呈正相关。结论血浆NO和ET-1参与肝硬化门静脉高压症的病理机制。