Modified one-stage posterior/anterior combined surgery with posterior pedicle instrumentation and anterior monosegmental reconstruction for unstable Denis type B thoracolumbar burst fracture

Purpose

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiological results in patients with unstable Denis type B thoracolumbar burst fractures treated by modified one-stage posterior/anterior combined surgery.

Methods

Thirty-one patients with unstable Denis type B thoracolumbar burst fractures were enrolled in this study. The patients underwent one-stage posterior/anterior combined surgery with posterior instrumentation using pedicle screws and anterior monosegmental reconstruction utilizing titanium mesh cages. The mean follow-up period was 38.3 months. Clinical outcomes, radiological parameters, and treatment-related complications were assessed.

Results

The mean age of the patients was 36.4 years. The mean operative time and blood loss were 230 min and 645 ml, respectively. The VAS pain score was significantly improved after surgery, and the improvement was maintained until the final follow-up. In 23 patients with neurologic dysfunction, 20 (87 %) patients had improvement after surgery. By the final follow-up, 27 patients had returned to work; 18 of the 27 patients returned to a similar job. The mean sagittal kyphosis was corrected from 21.2° preoperatively to 2.5° postoperatively, which increased slightly to 4.3° at the final follow-up. Minimal subsidence and tilt of the titanium mesh cage were observed during the follow-up period. Solid bony fusion was achieved in all patients. One patient developed a posterior surgical site infection, which was resolved by antibiotic treatment and surgical debridement.

Conclusion

Modified one-stage posterior/anterior combined surgery for Denis type B unstable thoracolumbar burst fractures can produce good clinical and radiological outcomes.

     

临床护士工作应激及焦虑抑郁对血清总皮质醇的影响

目的 探讨临床护士工作应激及焦虑抑郁情绪对其血清总皮质醇的影响.方法 对104名临床护士采用护士工作应激源量表及Zung焦虑、抑郁自评量表进行调查,同时检测其血清总皮质醇.结果 临床护士工作应激源总评分为(529.85±176.87)分,SAS评分(36.84±7.20)分,SDS评分(41.21±7.22)分;血清总...     

Toyama Yakuken 祛痘套装治疗轻中度寻常痤疮的效果

目的 探究Toyama Yakuken祛痘套装在轻中度寻常痤疮中的治疗效果。方法 选取2022年1月-12月长治市人民医收治的46例轻中度寻常痤疮患者作为研究对象,连续使用祛痘套装28 d,分别于第7、14、28天进行随访,采用CBS云镜面部分析,并统计临床疗效以及安全性。结果 治疗后28 d皮损数量少于治疗前（P＜0.05）;治疗总有效率为80.43%;治疗后28 d皮肤油脂低于治疗前,毛孔收缩程度高于治疗后,皮肤平滑度高于治疗前（P＜0.05）;治疗后28 d炎症面积与平均红色素浓度均低于治疗前,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;治疗期间随访,无不良反应发生。结论 Toyama Yakuke祛痘套装可通过控油、收缩毛孔和控制炎症等作用改善患者皮肤平滑度,且无不良反应,值得临床应用。     

经皮椎间孔镜技术治疗老年腰椎侧隐窝狭窄症

目的:探讨经皮椎间孔镜技术治疗老年腰椎侧隐窝狭窄的临床疗效及安全性。方法:对2018年3月至2019年8月采取经皮椎间孔镜技术减压治疗的31例老年腰椎侧隐窝狭窄患者进行回顾性分析,其中男16例,女15例,年龄65~81(71.13±5.20)岁,病程3个月~7年,平均(14.36±6.52)个月。采用视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS),Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)评估术前及术后1,6,12个月临床症状及功能状态;末次随访采用改良Macnab标准评估临床疗效。结果:手术均顺利完成,手术时间75~120(97.84±11.22)min。31例患者均获得随访,时间12~28(17.29±5.56)个月。术后1、6、12个月腰腿痛VAS及ODI较术前均得到明显改善(P<0.01)。末次随访采用改良Macnab标准评定疗效,结果优23例,良5例,可3例。1例患者神经根与周围组织粘连严重,术后出现下肢感觉异常,给予中药加营养神经药物等保守治疗,术后2周恢复。无神经根损伤、感染等并发症出现。结论:椎间孔镜技术在局麻下进行,操作时间短,在保证充分减压的同时又可减少并发症发生,是治疗老年腰椎侧隐窝狭窄症的一个安全、有效的的手术方法。     

开腹和腹腔镜胃癌根治对比

目的比较开腹和腹腔镜胃癌根治患者围手术期的相关指标的差异,进一步探讨差异存在的主要原因。方法采用回顾性研究,对2011年1月至2014年12月收治的胃恶性肿瘤行手术治疗的183例患者进行对比分析,其中67例行开腹胃癌根治术(开腹组),116例行腹腔镜胃癌根治术(腹腔镜组)。结果开腹组和腹腔镜组的手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但开腹组术中出血量多于腹腔镜组,术后恢复过程中,两组的术后第1天、术后第3天和术后第5天的白细胞、红细胞、血红蛋白、白蛋白、血小板的变化比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),同时两组的术后输血、血浆和白蛋白量,以及腹腔引流总量、腹腔引流管拔除时间、患者术后排气时间、下床活动时间和住院时间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜下胃癌根治术患者的围手术期相关指标优于开腹胃癌根治术。     

基于术前血清学指标AFP和GGT的标准在预测肝细胞癌患者肝移植术后长期生存中的作用研究

目的  分析术前血清学指标对肝细胞癌（HCC）患者肝移植术后长期生存和肿瘤复发的预测作用,探索其对扩大米兰标准的意义。方法  回顾性分析669例HCC肝移植受者的临床资料,采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线计算最佳截取值,采用单因素和多因素回归分析影响HCC患者肝移植术后总生存率和无复发生存率的危险因素,分析术前血清肝酶与肿瘤病理学特征的相关性,比较甲胎蛋白（AFP）联合γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）以及不同肝移植标准对HCC患者肝移植术后生存和复发的预测价值。结果  超米兰标准、肿瘤直径之和（TTD） > 8 cm、AFP > 200 ng/mL和GGT > 84 U/L是影响HCC患者肝移植术后总生存率和无复发生存率的独立危险因素（均为P < 0.05）。相关性分析结果显示,术前血清GGT水平与TTD,肿瘤数量,静脉侵犯,微卫星病变,包膜侵犯,肿瘤、淋巴结、转移（TNM）分期,Child-Pugh评分,超米兰标准均存在相关性（均为P < 0.05）。将米兰标准、TTD与血清肝酶指标（AFP和GGT）结合,提出Milan-AFP-GGT-TTD（M-AGT）标准。符合M-AGT标准者（其中111例超米兰标准）术后5年总生存率和无复发生存率均高于符合杭州标准者（均为P < 0.05）,与符合加州大学旧金山分校（UCSF）标准者的术后5年总生存率和无复发生存率比较差异均无统计学意义（均为P > 0.05）。结论  术前血清学指标AFP和GGT可有效预测HCC患者肝移植术后长期生存和肿瘤复发,建立基于血清学指标的M-AGT标准有助于补充米兰标准,且简单易行。     

Clinical outcomes of toe amputation in patients with type 2 diabetes in Tianjin,China

The aim of this study is to determine the predictors for reulceration, reamputation and mortality in patients with diabetes following toe amputation, and the impact of activities of daily living on clinical outcomes. This prospective cohort study included 245 patients who had undergone toe amputation (202 healing and 43 non‐healing) and was followed for a 5‐year period. Data regarding new foot ulceration, reamputation and mortality were recorded, and the patients' activities of daily living were evaluated. The rate of wound healing was 82·4%. The rate of follow‐up in the healed group was 91·6%. In years 1, 3 and 5, the cumulative incidence of patients who developed a new foot ulcer was 27·3%, 57·2% and 76·4%, respectively, leading to reamputation in 12·5%, 22·3% and 47·1%, respectively. The cumulative mortality was 5·8%, 15·1% and 32·7% at 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that GHbA1c > 9% (75 mmol/mol) was identified as an independent predictor of impaired wound healing, reulceration and reamputation. An age of >70 years was identified as an independent predictor of reamputation, mortality and impairment of activities of daily living. Despite a satisfactory initial healing rate after the first toe amputation, with the extension course after the toe amputation, the long‐term outcomes are not optimistic. In developing countries like China, taking measures to prevent reulceration and reamputation is very important for patients with diabetic foot minor amputations, especially following toe amputation.     

Effects of low‐frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields on plateau frostbite healing in rats

Plateau frostbite (PF) treatments have remained a clinical challenge because this condition injures tissues in deep layers and affected tissues exhibit unique pathological characteristics. For instance, low‐frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) can affect tissue restoration and penetrate tissues. Therefore, the effect of PEMF on PF healing should be investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of low‐frequency PEMF on PF healing systematically. Ninety‐six Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups: normal control, partial thickness plateau frostbite (PTPF), and PTPF with low‐frequency PEMF exposure (PTPF + PEMF). PTPF wounds were induced in the dorsum of the rats. The PTPF + PEMF group was exposed to low‐frequency PEMF daily. During PF healing, wound microcirculation in each group was monitored through contrast ultrasonography. Wound appearance, histological observation, and wound tensile strength were also evaluated. Results showed that the rate of the microcirculation restoration of the PTPF + PEMF group was nearly 25% faster than that of the PTPF group, and wound appearance suggested that the healing of the PTPF group was slower than that of the PTPF + PEMF group. Histological observation revealed that PEMF accelerated the growth of different deep tissues, as confirmed by tensile strength examination. Low‐frequency PEMF could penetrate PF tissues, promote their restoration, and provide a beneficial effect on PF healing. Therefore, this technique may be a potential alternative to treat PF.     

Effect of tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 on the regulation of transforming growth factor-β1 expression in mesangial cells induced by high glucose

Objective To investigate the role of tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) in the regulation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression in human glomerular mesangial cells induced by high glucose. Methods Cultured human glomerular mesangial cells were divided into normal control group (5.5 mmol/L glucose) and high glucose group (30.0 mmol/L glucose) which was cultured for 12 h to 72 h. The gene expression of TET2 in mesangial cells were inhibited by small molecule chemical called SC1, and which were divided into high glucose group (30.0 mmol/L glucose+DMEM), DMSO group (30.0 mmol/L glucose+0.1%DMSO) and SC1 group (30.0 mmol/L glucose+3 μmol/L SC1). The mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1, TET1 to 3 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. Methylation of CpG islands in the regulation region of TGF-β1 was detected by bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP). The activity of mesangial cell proliferation was assessed by colorimetry of thiazolyl blue (MTT). Results Compared with normal control group, the mRNA and protein expression of TET2 in mesangial cells induced by high glucose was increased significantly in a time-dependent manner (all P＜0.05), but the expression of TET1 and TET3 was not affected. Meanwhile methylation rate of 4 CG sites from 24 h to 72 h were decreased in the first exon of TGF-β1 (P＜0.01), but not in the promoter. Compared with high glucose group, when the expression of TET2 was inhibited by SC1, the methylation rate of TGF-β1 was recovered evidently (P＜0.05), the mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1 and α-SMA was suppressed, and the proliferation of mesangial cells was decreased (all P＜0.05). Conclusions Demethylation of the CpG island mediated by TET2 may play an important role in the expression of TGF-β1 and mesangial cell phenotype transformation induced by high glucose.     

增强CT对进展期胃癌术前的评估价值

目的探讨增强CT在术前评估进展期胃癌TNM分期、切除范围及手术方式中的价值。 方法回顾性分析2014年3月至2015年5月收治的150例进展期胃癌患者的资料,均经手术病理证实。所有患者术前均行上腹部增强CT检查,据此评估肿瘤的TNM分期,决策手术方式及切除范围,以手术及病理结果为标准判断增强CT分期的准确度。 结果在CT评估TNM分期方面,T分期准确度分别为：T2期84.0%（126/150）,T3期76.7%（115/150）,T4期92.7%（139/150）;N分期脾门、脾血管及腹主动脉旁区淋巴结判断的准确度较高（96.3%、97.0%、94.8%）,胃小弯侧淋巴结有较高的敏感度（87.0%）和特异度（96.6%）;M分期总体准确度和敏感度分别为87.3%（131/150）、93.3%（126/135）。在CT评估切除范围方面,对近端、远端次全切及全胃切除术预测的准确度分别为87.9%（29/33）、88.6%（62/70）,72.7%（32/44）。在评估手术方式方面,腹腔镜辅助与开腹的准确度分别为87.7%（100/114）、85.7%（30/35）。 结论增强CT在判断淋巴结转移及远处脏器转移方面有较高的准确度,在决策术式及切除范围方面有重要的参考价值,应作为进展期胃癌术前的一项常规检查。