头部脓肿性穿掘性毛囊周围炎研究进展

头部脓肿性穿掘性毛囊周围炎(PCAS)可能与毛囊闭锁、各种感染、免疫因素等多种因素有关,目前尚无特效方法。本文就近年来PCAS的病因、发病机制、临床表现及治疗方面的进展进行综述。     

组织胶注射治疗胃底静脉曲张破裂出血安全性及疗效分析

目的探讨内镜下组织胶注射急诊治疗门静脉高压导致胃静脉曲张破裂出血的安全性及疗效。方法 64例门静脉高压胃底静脉曲张急性出血患者行内镜下组织胶注射治疗,观察分析即时止血率、曲张清除率、并发症及其影响因素。结果即时止血率为100%（65/65）,术中、术后均无严重并发症出现。术后6个月曲张静脉完全消失率为30.8%（20/65）,基本消失率为41.5%（27/65）,部分消失率为26.2%（17/65）,无效率为1.5%（1/65）。GEV1与IGV1型患者疗效显著优于GEV2型（P〈0.05）。结论经内镜下注射组织胶急诊治疗门静脉高压胃底静脉曲张破裂出血止血效果好,再出血发生率低,疗效确切。     

Genome-wide search for type 2 diabetes/impaired glucose homeostasis susceptibility genes in the Chinese: significant linkage to chromosome 6q21-q23 and chromosome 1q21-q24

This genome-wide search for susceptibility genes to type 2 diabetes/impaired glucose homeostasis (IGH) was performed on a relatively homogeneous Chinese sample with a total number of 257 pedigrees and 385 affected sibpairs. Two regions showed significant linkage to type 2 diabetes/IGH in the Chinese. The region showing linkage to type 2 diabetes/IGH from the entire sample group analysis was located on chromosome 6q21-q23 (128.93 cM, 1-LOD [logarithm of odds] support interval between 124 and 142 cM, according to the Marshfield genetic map), with a maximum likelihood score of 6.23, a nonparametric linkage (all) score of 4.48, and empirical P value <0.001. With a subanalysis based on 101 affected sibpairs with age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes/IGH <40 years, we detected significant evidence for linkage to chromosome 1q21-q24 (192.1 cM, 1-LOD support interval between 182 and 197 cM), with a maximum likelihood score of 8.91, a nonparametric linkage (all) score of 5.70, and empirical P value <0.001. No interaction was observed between these two regions. Our independent replication of the region on chromosome 1q that has been shown to be linked significantly to type 2 diabetes/IGH in Chinese supports the notion that gene(s) in this region may be universally important in the development of human type 2 diabetes.     

人异黏蛋白在乙肝相关性肝癌组织中的表达及其临床病理意义

目的探索人异黏蛋白(metaherin,MTDH)m RNA及其蛋白在乙肝相关性肝癌组织及其癌旁组织中的表达差异,并探索其临床意义。方法回顾性收集2012年7月至2013年10月期间湖北医药学院附属太和医院保存的乙肝相关性肝癌组织及其癌旁组织标本,采用荧光定量PCR法和Western blot法分别检测乙肝相关性肝癌组织及其癌旁组织中MTDH m RNA及其蛋白的表达水平(均为10例),并采用免疫组化染色方法检测72例乙肝相关性肝癌组织中MTDH蛋白的表达情况,进一步分析乙肝相关性肝癌组织中MTDH蛋白表达与患者临床病理特征的关系。结果乙肝相关性肝癌组织MTDH m RNA(8.50±0.84比4.55±0.81,t=10.797,P=0.000)及其蛋白(0.65±0.24比0.25±0.16,t=6.375,P=0.013)的表达水平均高于癌旁组织。在72例乙肝相关性肝癌组织中,42例MTDH蛋白呈阳性表达(58.3%),30例呈阴性表达(41.7%)。多因素logistic回归模型结果显示,在乙肝性相关性肝癌患者中,Edmondson分级为Ⅲ级(OR=4.783,95%CI:2.663~11.918,P=0.020)、有微血管浸润(OR=37.790,95%CI:2.227~99.434,P=0.005)及有淋巴结转移(OR=7.332,95%CI:3.325~30.669,P=0.023)均与MTDH蛋白的阳性表达有关。结论在乙肝相关性肝癌组织中存在MTDH m RNA及其蛋白的高表达,且MTDH蛋白的阳性表达与患者较差的预后相关。     

Astragalosides IV inhibits high glucose-induced cell apoptosis through HGF activation in cultured human tubular epithelial cells

Astragaloside IV (ASI) in Radix Astragali is believed to be the active component. The study aims to investigate whether ASI inhibits tubular epithelial cells apoptosis induced by high glucose and its mechanisms. Tubular epithelial cells in this paper were isolated from human kidney. The cells apoptosis was detected by TUNEL and caspase 3 assay. The protein levels of HGF and TGF-β1 were measured by ELISA. The phospho-p38 production, ERK and JNK were determined by Western blot. ASI could inhibit cells apoptosis induced by high glucose (25?mmol/L) in dose-dependent and time-dependent manners. ASI also inhibited high glucose-induced expression of TGF-β1 and activation of p38 MAPK pathway at the protein level. Furthermore, ASI increased HGF production in human tubular epithelial cells. The ASI inhibition of tubular epithelial cells apoptosis and reduction of TGF-β1 expression induced by high glucose may represent a new treatment for diabetic kidney injury. The mechanism underlying this inhibitory effect may be related to the inhibition of p38 MAPK signaling pathway activation and HGF overproduction.