类消胶囊治疗类风湿关节炎的临床观察与实验研究

目的 研究类消胶囊对类曲湿性关节炎的治疗作用。方法 对３０例类风湿关节炎患者服用类消胶囊的后进行血清ＮＰＴ－２Ｒ水平测定。３００你储血员作为对照组,测得ＮＰＴ≤１００ｍｇ／ｍｌ、Ｈ、２Ｒ≤２５０ｕ／ｍｌ。结果 服前药ＮＰＴ与ＩＬ－２Ｒ水平明显高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．００１）。服药后ＮＰＴ与ＩＬ－２Ｒ测定其平均值明显低于有取药前（Ｐ〈０．００１）。结论 类消胶囊可降低ＮＰＴ和ＩＬ－２Ｒ,而ＮＰＴ和ＩＬ－     

骨髓基质细胞体外培养骨发生潜能及条件研究

目的：建立一种骨髓基质细胞（ＢＭＳｃ）向成骨细胞转化的体外培养方法,观察其成骨过程,并探讨部分因子在ＢＭＳｃ转化及增殖中的作用。方法：将兔ＢＭＳｃ悬液进行体外培养,进行形态学观察和组织学检测;检测ｂＦＧＦ对ＢＭ－Ｓｃ的促增殖作用。结果：传代培养的细胞ＡＬＰ阳性率达８０％以上,细胞逐渐分化散在致密的岛状结构并分泌细胞外基质形成钙结节;ｂＦＧＦ能刺激ＢＭＳｃ的增殖。结论：培养的ＢＭＳｃ在体外仍具有成骨     

缺氧诱导因子1α通过上调Snail促进HepG2肝癌细胞上皮-间充质化

目的上皮-间充质化（epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT）是实体瘤原发灶癌细胞获得转移能力的基础。缺氧诱导前列腺癌、肾癌、卵巢癌的EMT过程已得到证实,缺氧诱导因子1α（hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha,HIF-1α）在这些过程中发挥重要作用。但是HIF-1α和肝癌细胞EMT之间的关系目前并不清楚。本文探讨HIF-1α在肝癌EMT中的作用。方法利用可调控HIF-1α表达的肝癌HepG2Tet-on-HIF-1α细胞系,在排除缺氧其他反应干扰的情况下研究HIF-1α在肝癌细胞EMT过程中的作用和机制。结果过表达HIF-1α促进HepG2肝癌细胞EMT,下调HIF-1α表达可以抑制HepG2肝癌细胞EMT。HIF-1α促进EMT相关转录因子Snail的表达。结论 HIF-1α通过上调Snail来促进HepG2肝癌细胞EMT。     

子宫颈癌中医证型与TSP-1、VEGF-C表达的相关性

目的探讨子宫颈癌中医证型与血小板反应素1（thrombospondin 1,TSP-1）及血管生长因子C（vascular endothelial growth factor C,VEGF-C）表达的相关性。方法选择子宫颈癌患者100例进行中医辨证分型,宫颈正常者30例为对照组,采用免疫组织化学方法（SP法）检测这两种宫颈组织中TSP-1、VEGF-C的表达量及微血管的密度（microvessel density,MVD）。结果子宫颈癌各中医证型的分布规律为湿热瘀毒证〉肝郁化火证〉肝肾阴虚证〉脾肾阳虚证,各病理类型在各中医证型中的分布无统计学差异;与正常宫颈组织相比,子宫颈癌组织中VEGF-C表达量及MVD计数明显升高,TSP-1表达量则降低,随着中医证型由脾肾阳虚证、肝肾阴虚证、肝郁化火证、热毒蕴结证逐渐加重,VEGF-C阳性率及MVD计数呈增高趋势,TSP-1阳性率呈下降趋势,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。子宫颈癌组织中TSP-1、VEGF-C的表达与患者的年龄及病理类型无统计学差异。结论 TSP-1及VEGF-C的表达与各个中医证型具有一定相关性,TSP-1抑制宫颈癌血管的生成,VEGF-C则促进其生成、生长,两者共同参与子宫颈癌的血管生成。     

Effects of Arecoline on Calcium Channel Currents and Caffeine-induced Calcium Release in Isolated Single Ventricular

The cholinergic system plays an importantrole in the control of heart rate and myocardialcontractility[1] .The inotropic and chronotropic ef-fects are partly regulated by the cytosolic Ca2 + lev-el( [Ca2 + ]i) .Muscarine receptor agonist,Arecol-ine ( Are) ,is a kind of alkaloid extracted from theseeds of areca.It had been reported that Are hadnegative inotropic and negative chronotropic effectson isolated guinea pig atria[2 ] ,but its effects oncalcium mobilization was unclear. In order to i…     

The future of ethnic minority nurses in the NHS

The subject of discrimination especially with regard to the ethnic minority workforce in the NHS was the focus of a specially commissioned Task Force funded by the Department of Health and the King's Fund in 1991 followed by the PSI Report published last year to help health authorities to address racial discrimination. The first of these reports, for example, states quite clearly that 'racial inequalities between managers and staff in the service are glaring … black and ethnic minority staff will not join or remain in a service which they do not see to be providing good and fair employment prospects'. This perhaps influenced the Secretary of State for Health, in 1993, to set up a programme of action which included a number of targets to be achieved. Goal seven, for example, specifically addresses nursing by stating that NHS authorities and trusts are to set local objectives to achieve representation of ethnic minority nurses at ward manager level within 5 years.
This programme seems to focus on the issue of equal opportunities but although it does make reference to 'racial harassment' it does not include 'racism'. Hence the purpose of this paper is to address the issues of equal opportunities and anti-racism from a theoretical and practice base. It also intends to offer alternatives for the way forward by focusing on local initiatives.     

Effect of carnitine supplementation on cardiac function in hemodialyzed children

Thirteen carnitine-deficient children (mean age, 16.1 ±2.56 years) on a three-times-weekly hemodialysis program for at least 1 year, and 11 healthy age matched children were involved in the study. All the patients had stable blood pressure and hemoglobin (Hb) levels with a maintenance dose of erythropoetin and none were digitalized. The total carnitine (TC) and free carnitine (FC) plasma levels were sampled prior to hemodialysis (HD) before and after 3 months of carnitine supplementation. A free carnitine (FC) to acylcarnitine (AC) ratio less than 4 was defined as carnitine deficiency. Intravenous L-carnitine was injected at a dose of 20–4.0 mg/kg three times weekly at the end of each dialysis session for a 3-month period. Echocardiographic examination was performed the day following HD, before and after carnitine treatment. Systolic and diastolic functions of the left ventricle, including the ejection fraction, were measured. Almost all the parameters were significantly different in controls and hemodiaiyzed patients. In carnitine-deficient hemodiaiyzed patients. 3 months of L-carnitine supplementation resulted in a significant increase in blood carnitine levels and the FC/AC ratio, but this was not associated with any significant improvement of cardiac function. Furthermore no significant changes were observed in plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol or other lipoprotein parameters before or after carnitine supplementation. Although there was a moderate increase in mean hematocrit (Hct) and Hb levels, these also did not reach statistically significant levels. These results suggest that the 3 months of carnitine supplementation is not sufficient to ameliorate cardiac function or increase Hb levels in children.     

CDKN2A promoter methylation is related to the tumor location and histological subtype and associated with Helicobacter pylori flaA(+) strains in gastric adenocarcinomas

Alves MKS, Lima VP, Ferrasi AC, Rodrigues MA, de Moura Campos Pardini MI, Rabenhorst SHB. CDKN2A promoter methylation is related to the tumor location and histological subtype and associated with Helicobacter pylori flaA(+) strains in gastric adenocarcinomas. APMIS 2010; 118: 297–307. Promoter hypermethylation of CDKN2A (p16^INK4A protein) is the main mechanism of gene inactivation. However, its association with Helicobacter pylori infection is a controversial issue. Therefore, we examined a series of gastric adenocarcinomas to assess the association between p16^INK4A inactivation and H. pylori genotype (vacA, cagA, cagE, virB11 and flaA) according to the location and histological subtype of the tumors. p16^INK4A expression and CDKN2A promoter methylation were found in 77 gastric adenocarcinoma samples by immunohistochemistry and methylation‐specific PCR, respectively. Helicobacter pylori infection and genotype were determined by PCR. A strong negative correlation between immunostaining and CDKN2A promoter region methylation was found. In diffuse subtype tumors, the inactivation of p16^INK4A by promoter methylation was unique in noncardia tumors (p = 0.022). In addition, H. pylori‐bearing flaA was associated with non‐methylation tumors (p = 0.008) and H. pylori strain bearing cagA or vacAs1m1 genes but without flaA was associated with methylated tumors (p = 0.022 and 0.003, respectively). Inactivation of p16^INK4A in intestinal and diffuse subtypes showed distinct carcinogenic pathways, depending on the tumor location. Moreover, the process of methylation of the CDKN2A promoter seems to depend on the H. pylori genotype. The present data suggest that there is a differential influence and relevance of H. pylori genotype in gastric cancer development.     

Home-Delivered Meal Programs for Homebound People with HIV/Aids

In major cities within the past decade, 17 community-based, home-delivered meal programs have emerged to meet the specialized nutrition needs of homebound people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). This review includes specifics about these meal programs: funding, eligibility criteria, establishing and following nutrition and food safety standards, creating a network of volunteers for delivery of meals, providing nutrition counseling, and conducting periodic program evaluation. People living with HIV/AIDS may need the services of home-delivered meal programs throughout the course of HIV disease. Clinical dietitians and public health nutritionists should become familiar with existing programs and refer clients to services as needed. J Am Diet Assoc. 1995; 95:476–481.