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91.
In a double blind study, 40 infants with cows' milk intolerance of various causes were randomised to receive a nutritionally complete formula in which nitrogen was supplied either as whey hydrolysate or amino acids. The median age of infants was 10 weeks (range 36 weeks' gestation to 108 weeks' postnatal age). After a median follow up period of 25 weeks there was no significant difference in dietary intake between the formulas. Twenty four weeks after entry, weight and weight for length improved equally on both formulas. Plasma albumin improved significantly on the hydrolysed whey formula but not in the amino acid group. Both milks were palatable and normal intakes of formula were maintained. Biochemical and haematological indices remained within normal limits. There was no difference in stool frequency and vomiting between the two formulas. Two infants developed a probable allergic colitis while receiving hydrolysed whey. Amino acid formula may have a role in the management of atopic infants with severe cows' milk intolerance who have already reacted to whey or casein hydrolysate formula. 相似文献
92.
The Significance of Mild Squamous Atypia on Cytology 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
J. E. Dew FRACOG P. Athanasatos B AppSc CT CM N. F. Hacker MD FRACOG 《The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology》1995,35(4):443-445
Summary: Between January, 1991 and February, 1993 inclusive, 396 Papanicolaou smears were reported to show Mild Squamous Atypia with or without Human Papilloma Virus (MSA ± HPV). All women with MSA ± HPV smears were routinely recalled for colposcopy. To determine the significance of MSA ± HPV on routine smear screening, the records of all patients were reviewed.
Three hundred and thirty-seven women (85.1%) attended the colposcopy clinic and are the subjects analyzed for this report. The remaining 59 (14.9%) failed to attend. Intraepithelial neoplasia was found in 61 patients (18.1%), of whom 27 (8.0%) had a high grade lesion (CIN 2 or 3 or GIN 2). No patient had invasive cancer of the cervix. Only 1 of the 45 pregnant women had a significant lesion.
It is concluded that all asymptomatic women with MSA ± HPV on cervical smear may be managed in accordance with the current NH and MRC recommendations (1) and have a repeat smear in 6 months and colposcopy if the abnormality persists at 12 months. 相似文献
Three hundred and thirty-seven women (85.1%) attended the colposcopy clinic and are the subjects analyzed for this report. The remaining 59 (14.9%) failed to attend. Intraepithelial neoplasia was found in 61 patients (18.1%), of whom 27 (8.0%) had a high grade lesion (CIN 2 or 3 or GIN 2). No patient had invasive cancer of the cervix. Only 1 of the 45 pregnant women had a significant lesion.
It is concluded that all asymptomatic women with MSA ± HPV on cervical smear may be managed in accordance with the current NH and MRC recommendations (1) and have a repeat smear in 6 months and colposcopy if the abnormality persists at 12 months. 相似文献
93.
In previous studies, sinus secretions have been analysed concerning pO2, pCO2 and pH. In this study the energy metabolism in the maxillary sinus mucosa and secretion was studied in 33 New Zealand White rabbits. In freeze-dried samples, glucose and lactate were analysed by enzymatic assays and ATP by HPLC. In the purulent sinusitis, lactate concentration in the mucosa was 5.67 mmol X kg-1 w.w. and significantly higher than in the control sinus. Also in the non-purulent sinusitis, lactate was increased in the mucosa. The lactate concentrations in the secretion were 9.8 and 8.4 mmol X kg-1 w.w. in purulent and non-purulent secretions respectively and are probably the result of a diffusion from the mucosal cells and of leukocyte metabolism. A reduced ATP content, with increases in ADP and AMP, in the sinus mucosa of the purulent sinusitis suggests a relative energy depletion which could result in impaired epithelial function. 相似文献
94.
We report 8 infants with immediate hypersensitivity reactions to foods (milk, egg, or peanut), occurring at the first-known exposure. Each developed symptoms within the first hour, but these generally settled within 2 hours. Sensitisation to the food concerned was demonstrated by positive immediate allergen skin prick tests in every case. Symptoms experienced included irritability, erythematous rash, urticaria, angio-oedema, vomiting, rhinorrhoea, and cough. Five infants were being followed prospectively and 4 were clinically tolerant of the food by age 16 months. The most likely route of sensitisation was via breast milk. None of the infants experienced similar reactions while being breast fed, suggesting that the reaction was dose dependent. As 5 out of a group of 80 infants being followed prospectively developed an immediate reaction at their first known exposure to a food, this appeared to be a not uncommon presentation of food hypersensitivity in infancy. 相似文献
95.
Nilsson E Lichtenstein P Cnattingius S Murray RM Hultman CM 《Schizophrenia Research》2002,58(2-3):221-229
Schizophrenia in the mother may imply an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcome. However, inconclusive findings, unknown pathological mechanisms and possible confounding by social factors and smoking requests further explorations. The aim of this study were to (1) examine non-optimal pregnancy outcome using data from a population-based cohort, controlling for covariates known to influence fetal growth; and (2) perform separate analyses of women diagnosed before childbirth and women hospitalized for schizophrenia during pregnancy. The study sample comprised 2096 births by 1438 mothers diagnosed with schizophrenia (of whom 696 mothers were antenatal diagnosed and 188 admitted during pregnancy) and 1,555,975 births in the general population. We found significantly increased risks for stillbirth, infant death, preterm delivery, low birth weight, and small-for-gestational-age among the offspring of women with schizophrenia. Women with an episode of schizophrenia during pregnancy had the highest risks (e.g., low birth weight; OR 4.3, 95% CI 2.9-6.6 and stillbirth; OR 4.4, 95% CI 1.4-13.8). Controlling for a high incidence of smoking during pregnancy among schizophrenic women (51% vs. 24% in the normal population) and other maternal factors (single motherhood, maternal age, parity, maternal education, mothers' country of birth and pregnancy-induced hypertensive diseases) in a multiple regression model, reduced the risk estimates markedly. However, the risks for adverse pregnancy outcomes were even after adjustments generally doubled for women with an episode of schizophrenia during pregnancy compared to women in the control group (e.g., low birth weight; OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.5-3.5, preterm delivery; OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.5-3.8 and stillbirth; OR 2.5, 95% CI 0.8-7.9). The risks for preterm delivery and low birth weight were significantly elevated throughout the analyses. We conclude that schizophrenia in the mother implies an increased risk for poor perinatal outcome, not fully explained by maternal factors, and a need to consider a common familial (probably genetic) vulnerability for pre- and perinatal stress and schizophrenia. 相似文献
96.
Losken A Carlson GW Culbertson JH Scott Hultman C Kumar AV Jones GE Bostwick J Jurkiewicz MJ 《Head & neck》2002,24(4):326-331
BACKGROUND: Microvascular free flaps continue to revolutionize coverage options in head and neck reconstruction. This article reviews our 25-year experience with omental free tissue transfers. METHODS: All patients who underwent free omental transfer to the head and neck region were reviewed. RESULTS: Fifty-five patients were included with omental transfers to the scalp (25%), craniofacial (62%), and neck (13%) region. Indications were tumor resections, burn wound, hemifacial atrophy, trauma, and moyamoya disease. Average follow-up was 3.1 years (range, 2 months-13 years). Donor site morbidities included abdominal wound infection, gastric outlet obstruction, and postoperative bleeding. Recipient site morbidities included partial flap loss in four patients (7%) total flap loss in two patients (3.6%), and three hematomas. CONCLUSIONS: The omental free flap has acceptable abdominal morbidity and provides sufficient soft tissue coverage with a 96.4% survival. The thickness \and versatility of omentum provide sufficient contour molding for craniofacial reconstruction. It is an attractive alternative for reconstruction of large scalp defects and badly irradiated tissue. 相似文献
97.
Esther STF Smeulders Jolanda CM van Haastregt Elisabeth FM van Hoef Jacques ThM van Eijk Gertrudis IJM Kempen 《BMC health services research》2006,6(1):91
Background
Congestive heart failure (CHF) has a substantial impact on care utilisation and quality of life. It is crucial for patients to cope with CHF adequately, if they are to live an acceptable life. Self-management may play an important role in this regard. Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of the 'Chronic Disease Self-Management Program' (CDSMP), a group-based cognitive behavioural programme for patients with various chronic conditions. However, the programme's effectiveness has not yet been studied specifically among CHF patients. This paper presents the design of a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effects of the CDSMP on psychosocial attributes, health behaviour, quality of life, and health care utilisation of CHF patients. 相似文献98.
99.
Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection of childhood, occurring mainly in
patients with chronic illnesses such as diabetes and malignancies. The
fungus seldom grows in culture and confirmation of the diagnosis depends on
histologic examination of infected tissues. To date, the reported natural
history of the disease has been rapid progression and a fatal outcome.
Therefore, the importance of early diagnosis by tissue biopsy and early
treatment with surgical debridement and systemic antifungal therapy cannot
be overemphasized. The pulmonary system is the most common site for
mucormycosis in patients with leukemia. We report what we believe to be the
first successfully treated case of isolated muscular mucormycosis occurring
in a child with biphenotypic acute leukemia. The diagnosis was made
promptly by tissue examination at the time of surgical debridement. The
patient was also given systemic amphotericin-B therapy.
相似文献
100.
JW Gregory SA Greene RT Jung CM Scrimgeour MJ Rennie 《Archives of disease in childhood》1993,68(2):205-209
Fourteen children receiving one year of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment underwent measurement of serial changes in body composition (measured by skinfold thickness, bioelectrical impedance, and H2(18)O dilution), resting energy expenditure (REE, estimated by ventilated hood indirect calorimetry), and total free living daily energy expenditure (TEE, measured by the doubly labelled water technique). Mean height velocity increased from 4.9 to 8.6 cm/year after six months of treatment. Fat free mass (FFM) increased more during the first six weeks (24.4 g/day) than from six to 26 weeks of treatment (6.8 g/day); fat mass decreased by 7.2 g/day and 1.1 g/day respectively. The six week increase in REE (kJ/day) was maintained after six months of treatment, though expressed per kilogram FFM (kJ/kgFFM/day), returned to pretreatment values by three months. Height velocity increases at six months correlated with six week changes in fat mass measured by skinfold thickness and REE, though use of this relationship to predict growth response in individuals is limited by the wide 95% prediction intervals. No significant changes in growth, body composition, or energy expenditure were observed between six and 12 months of treatment, in either patients who had initially responded well to treatment or those who were poor initial responders to treatment and who had their dose of rhGH doubled after six months. 相似文献