Aqueous proinflammatory cytokines in acute primary angle-closure eyes

AIM: To evaluate changes of proinflammatory cytokines in aqueous humor of patients with acute primary angle-closure (APAC) and age-related cataracts. METHODS: Twenty eyes of 20 APAC patients and 15 eyes of 15 age-related cataract patients were included in this cross-sectional study. Aqueous humor samples were collected prospectively. The levels of 20 proinflammatory cytokines were evaluated in the aqueous humor of the APAC and cataract patients using the multiplex bead immunoassay technique. Clinical data were collected for correlation analysis. RESULTS: Seven of the 20 proinflammatory cytokines included in the magnetic bead panel were detectable in both APAC eyes and cataract eyes: interleukin (IL)-10, IL-12, IL-15, IL-21, IL-6, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). IL-27 was only detectable in APAC eyes. Compared with the cataract eyes, the APAC eyes had significantly elevated concentrations of IL-12 (P=0.036), IL-15 (P=0.001), IL-6 (P=0.012), and IL-27 (only detectable in APAC eyes). Age was positively correlated with IL-12 (P=0.022) and IL-6 (P=0.037), and time elapsed between APAC onset and aqueous humor samples collection was positively correlated with IL-15 (P=0.037), IL-27 (P=0.040), and TNF-α (P=0.042). CONCLUSION: Several proinflammatory cytokines including IL-12,IL-15, IL-6 and IL-27, were elevated in the APAC eyes and may be implicated in its pathologic mechanism.     

抗击严重急性呼吸综合征的医生与护士心理状态的比较与分析

为分析抗击严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)的医生与护士的心理状态和差异,在SARS暴发的3个月中共收集了来自多家SARS定点医院的1532份医生和护士的心理健康问卷,应用时勘心理量表与Zung自评抑郁量表进行分析比较。发现无论处于一线还是二线,医生的一般心理健康得分要高于护士,自评抑郁量表得分低于护士,且护士的自评抑郁量表得分要高于常模组。逐步相关回归分析显示,抑郁量表得分同压力源,如“社会对医护人员的支持不够”,“治疗条件和生活环境不好”,“缺乏家庭亲人的支持和交流”等有关,同参加体育锻炼的程度,文化程度呈负相关。医生的心理状态和抑郁状态好于护士。提示应针对不同原因给予干预,同时应对于发现的相关因素予以改善。     

通心络胶囊联合西药治疗急性心肌梗死患者的疗效及对炎性因子的影响

目的:探讨通心络胶囊联合西药治疗急性心肌梗死患者的疗效及对患者炎性因子的影响。方法:选取2015年3月至2017年3月邢台市第三医院收治的急性心肌梗死患者94例,随机分为观察组与对照组,各47例。对照组采用西药治疗,观察组在对照组基础上结合通心络胶囊治疗。2组疗程均为14 d。比较2组治疗疗效,治疗前后心功能、炎性因子和心肌酶变化。结果:观察组总有效率(91.49%)高于对照组(72.34%)(P0.05)。2组治疗后每搏心输出量(SV)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)增加而左心室收缩末期容积(LVEDV)降低(P0.05);观察组治疗后SV、LVEF高于对照组而LVEDV低于对照组(P0.05)。2组治疗后肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)和白介素-6(IL-6)降低(P0.05);观察组治疗后TNF-α、CRP和IL-6低于对照组(P0.05)。2组治疗后肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)降低(P0.05);观察组治疗后c Tn I、CK和CK-MB低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:通心络胶囊联合西药治疗急性心肌梗死患者疗效显著,且可改善患者心功能、炎性反应和心肌酶。     

数据驱动的三叉神经纤维束自动分割算法

目前三叉神经的纤维跟踪成像过程中普遍存在人工依赖性问题,主要包括人工绘制感兴趣区域(ROI)及手动筛选目标纤维束,导致结果的不确定性和数据误差。针对此类问题,提出一种数据驱动的三叉神经纤维自动分割算法。利用多组大脑样本的纤维数据,建立数据驱动的纤维聚类图谱,实现新样本纤维数据的自动分割,直接得到三叉神经纤维束。在实验中,选择25组青年健康人的数据作为样本数据。首先,利用FSL软件分割工具提取脑干作为ROI,进行确定性纤维跟踪。其次,通过对20组纤维数据进行多样本配准和谱聚类,创建数据驱动的纤维聚类图谱。根据三叉神经细小的特点,在建立纤维图谱过程中,通过对脑干纤维束进行二次分类来标注三叉神经纤维束。最后,选择5组青年健康人的新样本数据,将其脑干纤维数据应用纤维图谱自动分割得到三叉神经纤维束,并计算同一样本数据的自动分割结果与手动分割结果之间的加权Dice系数。结果显示,所提出的方法成功分割5组数据的三叉神经纤维束,而传统人工方法成功识别4组三叉神经纤维束,两者结果之间的加权Dice系数分别为0.865,0.939,0.824,0.942。该方法可以有效避免人为因素的影响,提高神经外科医生...     

Prolonged cardiac arrest and resuscitation in dogs: brain mitochondrial function with different artificial perfusion methods

Clinical techniques for artificial perfusion have not previously been examined directly for their effects on brain high-energy metabolism. Our study involved 24 large mongrel dogs that were anesthetized, instrumented for central venous intravenous access, and subjected to craniotomy to expose the dura and underlying parietal cortex. The animals were divided into the following six experimental groups of four animals each: nonischemic controls; 15-minute cardiac arrest without resuscitation; 45-minute cardiac arrest without resuscitation; 15-minute cardiac arrest plus 30 minutes resuscitation with conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR); 15-minute cardiac arrest plus 30 minutes resuscitation with interposed abdominal compression (IAC) CPR; and 15-minute cardiac arrest plus 30 minutes resuscitation with internal cardiac massage. Cardiac arrest was induced by central venous injection of KCl 0.6 mEq/kg, and it was confirmed by continuous ECG monitoring. The three active resuscitation models included administration of NaHCO3 and epinephrine, but no attempt was made to restart the heart by defibrillation during resuscitation. At the indicated time in each group, a 4- to 5-g sample of brain was removed through the craniotomy, immediately cooled to 0 C and processed for isolation of mitochondria. The mitochondria were studied for their content of superoxide dismutase and for quantitative oxygen consumption with glutamate/malate substrate during resting and ADP-stimulated respiration. Our results show a significant drop in brain mitochondrial superoxide dismutase activity during the first 15 minutes of cardiac arrest. There is minimal injury to brain mitochondrial oxygen consumption during both 15 and 45 minutes of complete ischemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Interactions of an anti-androgen (cyproterone acetate) with the androgen receptor system and its biological action in the rat ventral prostate

Male Wistar rats were castrated and implantated with testosterone-filled silastic depots (in vitro release rate: 60 micrograms/24 h) prior to treatment with 10 mg cyproterone acetate (CyAc) on day 1, and 5 mg on days 4, 7, 10 and 13. Animals were sacrificed on day 14. Control animals were treated identically, with the exception of CyAc administration. Blood was collected and the ventral prostates of 6-8 animals were pooled, homogenized and processed into cytosol and purified nuclei. Steroid determinations (CyAc, testosterone, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha,17 beta-diol (3 alpha-diol)) were performed by RIA. Specifically bound DHT (charcoal resistant DHT = CR-DHT) represents DHT values (RIA) following treatment of cytosol or nuclear extract with dextran coated charcoal. The androgen receptor was determined in cytosol and nuclear extract by 'exchange assay' using [3H]methyltrienolone (MT) (18 h, 15 degrees C). The main results were: 1) The steroid levels in plasma (testosterone, DHT, 3 alpha-diol) were in the range of untreated adult animals and not significantly influenced by the CyAc treatment. Final CyAc levels were 305 +/- 58 nmol/l (mean +/- SD, n = 5).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Nucleotide sequence of the G protein gene of human respiratory syncytial virus reveals an unusual type of viral membrane protein.

The major surface glycoprotein (G) of human respiratory syncytial (RS) virus has an estimated mature Mr of 84,000-90,000. Among a library of cDNA clones prepared from RS virus mRNAs, we identified clones that hybridized to a message that encoded a Mr 36,000 polypeptide that was specifically immunoprecipitated with anti-G antiserum. The amino acid sequence of the G protein backbone was determined by nucleotide sequence analysis of several of the cDNA clones. It contains a combination of structural features that make it unique among the known viral glycoproteins. The G mRNA is 918 nucleotides long and contains a single major open reading frame that encodes a polypeptide having 298 amino acid residues with a Mr of 32,587, a finding consistent with the Mr 36,000 estimate for the in vitro translation product of the G mRNA. This suggests that greater than 50% of the molecular weight of the mature glycoprotein may be contributed by carbohydrate. Glycosylation of G is largely resistant to tunicamycin, an inhibitor of the attachment of N-linked oligosaccharides, suggesting that the majority of the carbohydrate residues are attached via O-glycosidic bonds. In accordance with this, serine and threonine residues, the acceptor sites for O-linked oligosaccharides, comprise 30.6% of the total amino acid composition. There are also four potential acceptor sites for N-linked oligosaccharides. The amino acid sequence lacks both an NH2-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence and a COOH-terminal hydrophobic region. Instead, a strongly hydrophobic region is located between amino acid residues 38 and 66. This region may serve as both the signal to insert the nascent polypeptide through the membrane and as the membrane anchor site.     

Human apolipoprotein B cDNA clone isolation and demonstration that liver apolipoprotein B mRNA is 22 kilobases in length.

An expression library made in plasmids pUC8 and pUC9 with mRNA derived from the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 was screened with a rabbit antiserum to human low density lipoprotein (LDL). Approximately 12,000 clones were screened and five positives were identified. The cDNA inserts were all 1500-1600 base pairs in length. The insert from one clone, pB8, was isolated, labeled by nicktranslation, and found to cross-hybridize strongly with the other four cDNA clones. The pB8 clone produces a fusion protein of approximately equal to 37.5 kDa that reacts in electrophoretic transfer blot analysis with rabbit anti-human LDL. This reactivity can be abolished by pretreatment of the antiserum with purified human LDL, p = 1.025 - 1.050 g/ml. A pB8-derived probe was used to demonstrate that apolipoprotein B (apo B) mRNA is present in HepG2 cells and liver extracts but not in HeLa cells or extracts from small intestine, heart, aorta, spleen, brain, skeletal muscle, lung, kidney, or ovary. RNA transfer blot analysis revealed that HepG2 cell apo B mRNA was approximately equal to 22 kilobases in length. These cDNA clones should allow the isolation of the apo B gene and ultimately the elucidation of the primary structure of this protein.     

肝动脉化疗栓塞后碘油在肝癌内聚积、存留和消失的血管造影、CT与病理对照研究

用血管造影和ＣＴ对照分析肝动脉化疗栓塞后碘油在肝癌内的初期聚积特点，用ＣＴ动态观察碘油在肝癌内的存留和消失时间，同时与栓塞后切除标本行病理对照研究。结果表明：碘油能选择性聚积于多血供的肝癌内，且聚积量与肿瘤血供有关。少血供肝癌无或少有碘油聚积。碘油能选择性聚积并持续存留部是肿瘤栓后坏死区，一般存留２～６月甚至更长，伴肿瘤明显缩小；碘油虽能选择性聚积但逐渐消失部是肿瘤栓后存活区，一般１～２月消失，肿瘤缩小不明显或反增大。少量碘油在非癌肝实质一般２周消失。对碘油聚积、存留物消失问题的阐明，为肝癌的介入治疗提供了理论依据。     

软骨肉瘤的平片和CT影像研究

笔者报告了１３例经手术病理证实的软骨肉瘤，其中１２例发生于骨、１例发生于软组织。所有病例均有平片及ＣＴ检查。笔者分析了软骨肉瘤的平片和ＣＴ征象，着重讨论了ＣＴ在软骨肉瘤诊断中的意义，强调ＣＴ在软骨肉瘤诊断中的重要作用：能提高钙化的发现率；更好地显示钙化的形态；能辨认肿块中软组织部分的更低密度区；能更好地显示钙化在肿瘤内的分布。而上述几个方面的信息对确定诊断、判断软骨肉瘤的生物学特性和估计预后是很有帮助的。