右室心内膜流入道永久性起搏电极植入的体会

目的 :探讨右室心内膜永久性起搏电极植入术中 ,心尖部起搏与流入道起搏二者在术中起搏参数比较 ,以及流入道起搏电极植入方法。方法 :选择本院行永久性心脏起搏器安置术的 67例患者为研究对象 ,在右室心尖部起搏电极不易固定或测试起搏参数不理想时 ,改为右室流入道起搏 (12例 )。结果 :①右室心尖部及流入道两种位置起搏阈值、R波振幅、心肌阻抗比较无显著性差异 ;②术后随访 2～ 14个月两组病例均未发生电极脱位、感知异常、膈肌收缩。结论 :①右室流入道起搏与心尖部起搏一样是电极植入的有效部位 ;②右室流入道起搏与心尖部起搏一样心室电极植入技术简单易行     

持续压力超负荷对兔左心室细胞凋亡的影响

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of chronic pressure overload on the apoptosis of the left ventricle myocytes in rabbits. METHODS: Rabbit models of chronic pressure overload-induced heart failure were prepared in which dynamic changes of apoptotic myocytes in the left ventricle were observed by way of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay. RESULTS: Only a few apoptotic cells was observed in the sham-operated group, while in the experimental group, the apoptotic left ventricle myocytes significantly increased after operation, presenting a peak level between day 3 and day 7. Seven days after the operation, the apoptotic myocytes began to decrease and till day 14, the apoptotic cell number had been smaller than that measured on day 1. When signs of heart failure set in, the apoptotic myocytes were again increased (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: During chronic pressure overload, myocyte apoptosis in the left ventricle is elevated at the early stages and undulates subsequently, with the peak occurring before hypertrophy is obvious.     

益肾化浊注射液对慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠残余肾中细胞因子含量的影响

通过观察益肾化浊注射液对5／6肾切除大鼠残余肾中细胞因子含量的影响，益肾化浊注射液延缓慢性肾功能衰竭（CRF）模型大鼠肾功能减退的作用机理。结果显示：益肾化浊注射液可以降低5／6肾切在鼠血清肌,尿素氮（P＜0．01），下调肾组织中白细胞介素－1（IL－1）（P＜0．05），白细胞介素－8（IL－8）（P＜0．05）及肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）（P＜0．05）的总体水平，说明益肾化浊注射液可以通过下调5／6肾切除大鼠残余肾中相关细胞因子含量，抑制促炎细胞因子对肾脏的损害，从而延缓CRF的进展。     

Digital archive center: implementation for a radiology department.

OBJECTIVE. In this article, we describe the implementation of a digital archive center for a radiology department in a 700-bed teaching hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The archive center consists of two identical archive systems, each comprising five components: an archive server, a data-base server, an optical disk library, a stand-alone optical disk drive, and a communication network. An image management system controls the image traffic from acquisition devices to display stations. A fault-tolerant mechanism was built into the archive center to achieve a 100% uptime. RESULTS. The center has been in operation for over 6 months. We have not experienced a single total system failure during this period. It currently archives all digital images from three MR units and four CT scanners and selected images from three computed radiographic systems and two laser film digitizers. The center archives between 1.5 and 2.0 gigabytes of images per workday. CONCLUSION. With its built-in fault-tolerant mechanism, we believe that the implemented archive center is very reliable and is suitable for a radiology department to archive its digital images.     

慢性肝病和肝癌中HCV核心区三种寡肽抗原的抗体检测

检测１４８例慢性肝病和肝癌患者血清中丙型肝炎病毒核心区３种寡肽抗原的抗体，结果显示其阳性率在慢性迁延型肝炎、慢性活动型肝炎、肝炎肝硬化和原发性肝癌患者分别为７．７％，２３．１％，，２３．５％和１６．３％。在抗体阳性者中８０％以上有乙型肝炎病毒感染证据，提示我国ＨＢＶ和ＨＶＣ重叠感染较为常见。     

高血压病人药物治疗期间动态血压变化

目的评价高血压病人药物治疗期间２４ｈ动态血压变化。方法２６例住院的高血压病人经药物治疗４周连续３ｄ随测血压，血压正常后进入本研究。治疗前后进行２４ｈ动态血压监测。结果患者随测血压（８～９ＡＭ，３～４ＰＭ）血压恢复到正常水平，但动态血压显示在一段时间内（６～８ＡＭ，６～１１ＰＭ）平均收缩和舒张压仍明显高于正常人平均水平（Ｐ＜０．０１），而该时间段易被临床医生忽视。结论随测血压不能实际全面反映高血压病人药物治疗的疗效，２４ｈ动态血压的监测可以正确评价高血压病人药物治疗的效果并根据高血压分布的时间来调整降压药的种类和剂量。     

Biomechanical evaluation of spinal stability after disc injury in a porcine model

The biomechanical effects of disc injury on flexion-extension were investigated in nine fresh porcine functional spinal units. Under 12 N-m in extension and 6 N-m in flexion, the range of motion among intact specimens were 23.11 degrees -33.29 degrees (mean = 26.07 degrees , SD = 3.25 degrees ), which shifted to 28.04 degrees -38.46 degrees (mean = 31.69 degrees , SD = 3.50 degrees ) when discs were injured. Similarly, the neutral zones among intact and disc injured specimens were 4.88 degrees -12.75 degrees (mean = 9.32 degrees , SD = 2.60 degrees ) and 9.50 degrees -24.43 degrees (mean = 16.80 degrees , SD = 4.69 degrees ) respectively. To obviate the differences between tested specimens, the changes of neutral zone and the range of motion after disc injury were normalized and expressed as ratios as compared to the same items before disc injury. The neutral zone ratio ranged from 1.29 to 3.18 (mean = 1.87, SD = 0.55, p < 0.01). For range of motion, it ranged from 1.13 to 1.42 (mean = 1.22, SD = 0.09, p < 0.01). The change of flexibility coefficient, however, was statistically insignificant in either flexion or extension. The model presented defines the range of motion, the neutral zone as well as the flexibility coefficient under a specific load. It suggests that major spinal instability can be elicited by a minimum flexion-extension moment, as reflected by a profound change of the neutral zone, after disc injury.     

Impact of cognitive rehabilitation therapy on neuropsychological impairments as measured by brain perfusion SPECT: a longitudinal study

Three patients,with known brain injury and neuropsychological impairments, are followed through an individualized cognitive rehabilitation programme and post discharge from the treatment programme. Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) of the brain was employed to evaluate resting relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during the process of recovery from brain injury. All patients experienced significant improvements on measures of neuropsychological functioning and improvements in rCBF during this longitudinal study. The specific changes in rCBF appear to be related to the location of the patient s brain injury and strategies particular to cognitive rehabilitation therapy. Continued improvements in rCBF, functional abilities, and cognitive skills were documented in these three cases up to 45 months post brain injury.     

九十年代中国人群的膳食与营养状况

九十年代中国人群的膳食与营养状况葛可佑，翟风英，闽怀成，程列，王青，贾凤梅（中国预防医学科学院营养与食品卫生研究所，北京１０００５０）人群的膳食营养状况在一定程度上可以反映一个国家的经济发展和社会文明程度。世界上大多数发达国家及若干发展中国家都在有计...