葡萄籽提取物(GSE)有效成分的分析

葡萄籽提取物（GSE）的多酚化合物包括原花青素和单体多酚，因此，采用Folin-Ciocalteu法测定葡萄籽提取物总多酚的质量分数，高效液相色谱法测定单体多酚质量分数，以总多酚质量分数减去单体多酚质量分数，即可代表样品中原花青素的质量分数。测定结果表明，自制GSE总多酚质量分数稍高于对照样品（天津尖峰天然产物研究开发公司产品），分别为90．5％和88．3％；没食子酸、儿茶素质量分数明显高于对照样品；而表儿茶素和表儿茶素没食子酸酯的质量分数稍低于对照样品。自制样品与对照样品的原花青素质量分数无显著差异，分别为74．6％和75．8％。     

代孕技术中的伦理道德及法律问题

新近发展的代孕技术给众多不孕夫妇带来为人父母的喜悦之时,也对人们传统的生殖伦理观念形成冲击并挑战现存法律制度.人们不仅要肯定代孕技术的合理性,也要警惕其所产生的潜在的破坏性影响.合理利用该技术和制定相应的法规是避免出现伦理和社会混乱的有效途径.     

GM6001的玻璃体代谢及视网膜毒性作用的研究

目的：评价人工合成的金属蛋白酶抑制剂GM6001在玻璃体中的代谢及其眼内安全性。方法：选择健康成年的青紫蓝兔16只，随机分成4组，右眼分别玻璃体房注射GM6001各0．05mL（A组100μmol、B组75μmol、C组50μmol和D组25μmol）。左眼分别注射PBS0．05mL作为对照。各组术后不同时间取玻璃体样本，应用高效液相色谱分析仪检测其中GM6001的浓度。术前术后进行裂隙灯、间接检眼镜和视网膜电图（ERG）检查，最后处死动物对视网膜进行光镜及透射电镜的检查。结果：术后前3d，玻璃体房GM6001浓度下降迅速，而后保持缓慢降低至术后28d完全清除。术后裂隙灯、间接检眼镜、ERG检查、视网膜光镜及透射电镜观察，各组均未发现异常改变。结论：GM6001在玻璃体房注射对视网膜是安全的。GM6001在单次玻璃体房注射后2wk可维持有效浓度。     

Sociodemographic characteristics of the neighborhood and depressive symptoms in older adults: using multilevel modeling in geriatric psychiatry.

OBJECTIVE: Neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics may be important to the mental health of older adults who have decreased mobility and fewer resources. Our objective was to examine the association between neighborhood context and level of depressive symptomatology in older adults in a diverse geographic region of central North Carolina. METHODS: The sample included 2,998 adults 65 or older residing in 91 census tracts. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D). Neighborhoods were characterized by five census-based characteristics: socioeconomic disadvantage, socioeconomic advantage, racial/ethnic heterogeneity, residential stability, and age structure. RESULTS: In ecologic level analyses, level of census tract socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with increased depressive symptoms. To determine whether neighborhood context was associated with depressive symptoms independently of individual characteristics, the authors used multilevel modeling. The authors examined the ability of each of five neighborhood (level 2) characteristics to predict a level 1 outcome (CES-D symptoms) controlling for the effects of individual (level 1) characteristics. Younger age, being widowed, lower income, and having some functional limitations were associated with increased depression symptoms conditional on census tract random effects. However, none of the neighborhood characteristics was significantly associated with depression symptoms, conditional on census tract random effects, either unadjusted or adjusted for individual characteristics. CONCLUSION: Any observed association between neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics and individual depressive symptoms in our sample may reflect the characteristics of the individuals who reside in the neighborhood rather than the neighborhood characteristics themselves. The use of multilevel modeling is important to separate these effects.     

血浆血栓素B2和6-酮-前列腺素F1α水平与新生儿窒息关系

为观察不同程度窒息新生儿血浆血栓素B2(TXB2)和6-酮-前列腺素F1α(6-Keto-PGF1α)含量变化及其规律,选择对照组20例,轻度窒息组19例,重度窒息组21例,均在生后6 h内取股静脉血2 ml,进行放射免疫分析.结果TXB2及其与6-Keto-PGF1α比值在对照组分别为(202.42±53.91)pg/ml、1.81±0.61,轻度窒息组分别为(646.29±121.66)pg/ml、3.73±1.27,重度窒息组分别为(1443.27±254.61)pg/ml、6.83±2.39,三组方差分析,组间差异有显著性(F值分别为286.19,49.78,P＜0.001);6-Keto-PGF1α升高,三组分别为(117.22±33.14)Pg/ml、(184.73±52.65)pg/ml、(223.45±63.48)pg/ml(P＜0.05).提示窒息新生儿血浆TXB2和6-Keto-PGF1α含量及两者之比明显升高,重度窒息组比轻度窒息组升高明显;与对照组相比,其升高程度与窒息程度有关.     

重视老年胃癌患者的围手术期处理(附370例报告)

目的 总结老年胃癌的临床特点及围手术期处理经验。方法 回顾性分析我院1990年1月至2003年1月间共收治的370例老年胃癌患者的临床资料。结果 370例老年胃癌中290例（78．4％）伴有高血压、心脏病、糖尿病等老年常见病；术后发生并发症110例次，死亡16例；手术前有共存病者术后并发症的发生率（34．5％）明显高于无共存病者（12．5％），P〈0．01。结论 加强围手术期处理是降低老年胃癌患者并发症和死亡率的关键。     

L-丙酰肉碱对再灌注心肌损伤的保护及体外抗自由基作用

目的:观察L－丙酰肉碱对缺血再灌注心肌的保护作用，并探讨其机理。方法：采用大鼠在体心脏冠状动脉前降支阻断5min造成缺血再灌注模型，持续心电监护，观察心律失常与心功能指标；应用电子顺磁共振观察L－丙酰肉碱对Fenton体系及二甲基亚砜（DMSO）碱性有氧体系产生自由基的作用。结果：L－丙酰肉碱静脉给药明显减少再灌注时室性心动过速、室性纤维颤动的发生（P＜0．05），促进再灌注后左室收缩压、左室压最大上升速率、左室压最大下降速率、心力环面积的恢复，与对照组相比，各参数均明显增高（P＜0．05）；静脉注射L－丙酰肉碱100mmol／L时促进Fenton体系OH的产生，而500mmol／L时产生明显抑制作用，L－丙酰肉碱明显抑制DMSO碱性有氧体系OS的产生。结论：L－丙酰肉碱明显减少再灌注心律失常的发生，促进再灌注后心功能的恢复。推测它对自由基的作用可能是再灌注损伤保护机理之一。     

脾脏钝伤的CT诊断

本文回顾性分析了３２例脾脏钝伤ＣＴ平扫的表现；对脾损伤进行ＣＴ分类；指出腹腔积血和脾周血块（“哨兵血块征”）在诊断脾损伤方面的作用。ＣＴ平扫诊断钝性脾脏损伤是一种敏感、可靠的方法，可帮助外科医生制订治疗方案。ＣＴ平扫诊断钝性脾损伤的灵敏度为９４％，诊断正确率为９１％     

整体护理模式病房建设计算机管理系统的应用及效能

阐述了整体护理模式病房建设计算机管理系统的应用及效能：①促进了整体护理工作的开展。②高效率地体现了护理程序的全程。③使各种护理文件及护理表格达到清晰、美观、格式规范。④有利于科研、教学工作的完善。⑤推动了护理学科计算机技术的应用