地高辛的体内分析方法应用与进展

目的总结地高辛血药质量浓度监测方法,寻求最适的测定方法。方法对近年来国内外与地高辛监测相关的文献进行检索综述分析。结果地高辛血药浓度测定方法很多,常用方法主要有:FPIA、酶免疫分析法、RIA、CLIA、乳胶免疫抑制法、干化学法、HPLC法等。结论通过比较分析其中RIA、CLIA、EIA和HPLC MS 4种方法更好。     

葡立胶囊与抗骨增生胶囊联用治疗颈椎病的临床研究

目的 了解、观察葡立胶囊与抗骨增生胶囊联用治疗颈椎病对血清SOD含量及疼痛功能评分的影响。方法 对一组神经根型颈椎病患者，用葡立胶囊与抗骨增生胶囊联合应用治疗3个月，测定血清SOD含量及疼痛功能评分变化。结果 颈椎病患者治疗组血清SOD含量与治疗前相比明显升高，疼痛功能评分治疗前相比明显降低。结论 葡立胶囊与抗骨增生胶囊联合应用可明显缓解症状，提高血清SOD活力，延缓颈椎间盘退变，对治疗颈椎病有明显疗效。     

Rb1基因第16内含子内21个碱基缺失1例

目地研究双眼视网膜母细胞瘤患者Rb1基因杂合性突变的分子生物学特性。方法应用PCR—SSCP直接测序技术检测双眼视网膜母细胞瘤患者白细胞DNA中Rb1基因杂合性突变。结果50例证实有Rb1基因杂合性突变的病例中有1例发生于第16内含子中可以用3种定位方法解释、具有相同序列的21个碱基缺失。结论这种极为少见的Rb1基因突变方式可能是由于破坏了正常拼接位点的结构而激活了“隐蔽拼接位点”，导致异常的Rb1基因mRNA产生或由此影响整个拼接过程。     

HPLC法测定盐酸美沙酮含量

本文采用高效液相色谱法，以盐酸布比卡因为内标，检测波长220nm，在Symmetry-C18柱上，以己腈-磷酸二氢钾（pH2．5）（3862，V／V）为流动相，测定盐酸美沙酮及其口服液的含量。方法平均回收率为100．17％，日内及日间的RSD均＜1％。方法简便、快速、准确。     

血脂调节剂的研究——Ⅰ.HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂M-8614A及MH-2688B产生菌的筛选

利用酶联免疫吸附测定法,酶标β-羟基β-甲基-戊二酸单酰铺酶A(HMG-CoA)还原酶抑制剂Compactin抗体,定向筛选血脂调节剂。从青霉M-8614菌株发酵液中分离到M-8614A。该物质理化性质及波谱解释表明与Mevastatin为同一物质。 M-8614菌株用亚硝酸盐等诱变剂处理,从诱变株MH-2688发酵液中分离到MH-2688B。该物质理化性质及波谱解释表明与Lovastatin为同一物质。     

Apolipoprotein E—associated risk for Alzheimer's disease in the African-American population is genotype dependent

As a part of our ongoing study on Alzheimer's disease (AD) in elderly African Americans, we obtained clinical assessment and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype data on 288 individuals (including 60 with AD). The ApoE σ4 allele frequency was significantly increased in AD patients compared with controls. The age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for AD in σ4 homozygotes was 4.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71–13.64) compared with the σ3/σ3 genotype, but the OR for AD with the σ3/σ4 genotype did not reach significance (1.20; 95% CI, 0.58–2.45). These findings suggest that the association between ApoE σ4 and AD is weaker in African Americans than in whites.     

红霉素对犬幽门括约肌压力影响及其与胃动素,生长抑素的关系

为探讨红霉素对犬幽门括约肌的作用及其机理，及其与血浆胃动素，生长抑素的关系。方法采用胃压力测量仪及放射免疫法，同步监测观察了１０条犬静脉滴ＥＭ前后和使用拮抗剂后的幽门压力、血浆ＭＴＬ，ＳＳ的变化，结论：ＥＭ具有增高犬胃幽门压力的作用，其作用机理除与血浆ＭＴＬ有着密切的关系外，血浆ＳＳ也可能共同参与了其调节机制。     

抗—HCV阳性单采浆供血员HGV感染随访研究

为了解单采浆供血员庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）感染及其转归，对１０２名抗－ＨＣＶ阳性单采浆供血员冻存血清进行抗－ＨＧＶ和ＨＧＶＲＮＡ检测，对抗－ＨＧＶ和（或）ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性者作３年随访研究。采用ＥＩＡ法检测抗－ＨＧＶ，包被抗原来自ＨＧＶ不同功能区的合成肽。应用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法检测ＨＧＶＲＮＡ，引物选自ＨＧＶＮＳ３区。结果表明，抗－ＨＣＶ阳性单采浆供血员ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性率为１９．６１％（２０／１０２），抗－ＨＧＶ阳性率为１７．６５％（１８／１０２），ＨＧＶ感染率（抗ＨＧＶ和／或ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性）为２４．５１％（２５／１０２），而对照组仅为０．９４％（１／１０６）。提示单采血浆是ＨＧＶ感染的重要危险因素。ＨＧＶＲＮＡ和抗－ＨＧＶ的３年阴转率分别为３５．００％（７／２０）和１１．１１％（２／１８），说明ＨＧＶ感染有慢性携带趋势     

Disposition of Tablet and Capsule Formulations of Digoxin in the Elderly

Study Objective . To compare digoxin tablets and liquid-filled capsules with respect to excretion of the drug and its metabolites in urine and feces at steady state. Design . A randomized, crossover trial, each period lasting 3 weeks, with no washout period. Setting . A university hospital. Patients . Six patients, five of whom were elderly, with histories of gastrointestinal disorders, such as hypochlorhydria, intestinal bacterial overgrowth, and inflammatory bowel disease. Interventions . The patients received digoxin once/day in either tablet or capsule form for 3 weeks, and then were switched to the other formulation. Total urinary and fecal excretion from the last 3 days of each regimen were analyzed for the drug and metabolites. Measurements and Main Results . No statistically significant differences were found between tablets and capsules in recovery of digoxin or its metabolites in urine or feces (p=0.05). One subject had a 4-fold increase in urinary drug excretion and 50% decrease in fecal excretion after taking the capsules compared with tablets. Intersubject variability in extent and type of metabolite excretion was greater than intrasubject variability. Conclusions . Fecal analyses may be an accurate way to classify patients as formers of digoxin reduction products.