整合-混合式教学法在卓越班局部解剖学理论教学中的应用

本校是教育部、卫生部2012年11月26日批准的第一批卓越医生教育培养计划项目试点高校,承担"五年制临床医学人才培养模式改革试点"项目,2013年开始选拔第一届临床医学专业"卓越医生"教学改革试点班(以下简称卓越班).局部解剖学是卓越班重要的基础课和必修课,知识点琐碎、易懂难记.本校卓越班是第二学年第一学期开设局部解剖...     

手术显微镜的使用及维护

进入21世纪,随着科技水平不断发展,越来越多的高清手术显微镜（电子成像系统）用于医疗手术过程中,被称之为显微外科手术。通过它可以实施各种肉眼无法完成的显微手术。因此,显微镜成像好坏、电子系统是否正常、机械系统是否灵活与我们日常正确使用和维护是分不开的。     

QRS波群功率谱与心率、QRS波宽、QRS峰-峰值相关性的研究

本文分别对２０个人和２１只小鼠各作为一个群体以及将２０个人和２１只小鼠合在一起作为一个群体,研究了ＱＲＳ波群功率谱与心率、ＱＲＳ波宽、ＱＲＳ峰－峰值的相关性（本文只分析了Ⅱ、ａＶＦ、Ｖ３导联）。发现人、鼠各作为一个群体时,ＱＲＳ波群的１００－１０００Ｈｚ、８０－３００Ｈｚ的相对能量及绝对能量,０－１０００Ｈｚ的总能量与心率、ＱＲＳ波宽、ＱＲＳ波群的峰－峰值之间的相关关系,在不同导联中,无明显的规律性。而当人、鼠合在一起作为一个群体时,ＱＲＳ波群功率谱中１００－１０００Ｈｚ、８０－３００Ｈｚ的相对能量和绝对能量都与心率呈显著正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）,而０－１０００Ｈｚ总能量与心率呈显著负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）;ＱＲＳ波群功率谱中１００－１０００Ｈｚ、８０－３００Ｈｚ的相对能量和绝对能量都与ＱＲＳ波宽呈显著负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）,而０－１０００Ｈｚ总能量与ＱＲＳ波宽呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）;１００－１０００Ｈｚ、８０－３００Ｈｚ的相对能量、绝对能量和０－１０００Ｈｚ总能量与ＱＲＳ波群的峰－峰值均呈正相关。     

基于电阻抗技术的多通道呼吸监测系统

目的为及时检测到早期呼吸系统疾病引起的呼吸功能的改变,本研究开发了一套采用生物电阻抗技术同时监测胸部和腹部的呼吸电阻抗信号的多通道呼吸监测系统。方法本系统主要分为3个单元：电阻抗数据采集单元、多通道开关单元和控制单元。电阻抗数据采集单元完成生物电阻抗数据高精度的检测,多通道开关单元完成不同部位数据采集通道之间的转换,控制单元采用LabVIEW编程实现对电阻抗数据采集单元和多通道开关单元的控制、同步采集、数据的显示及存储。利用本系统采集5名健康人长跑5000m前后胸部和腹部的同步呼吸电阻抗信号,采用一种新的参数定量描述胸部和腹部的呼吸电阻抗信号的同步程度。结果长跑前后胸部和腹部同步呼吸电阻抗信号的同步程度具有显著差异（P〈0．01）。结论基于电阻抗技术的多通道呼吸监测系统能够有效用于多个部位呼吸电阻抗信号的同步监测,为早期呼吸系统疾病的检测提供辅助诊断信息。     

肠道病毒71 VP1基因的原核表达及其抗血清的制备

目的克隆并表达重组肠道病毒71(EV71)VP1基因,进行抗血清的制备并检测抗血清效价。方法利用原核表达系统将PCR获得的VP1片段构建成原核表达载体pET32a(+)-VP1,诱导其表达VP1融合蛋白并利用包涵体纯化方法进行重组蛋白的纯化,将纯化的重组蛋白免疫新西兰兔制备VP1抗血清,ELISA检测抗体效价。同时构建真核表达载体,利用其在真核细胞中的瞬时表达检测抗血清的特异性。结果通过克隆获得VP1原核表达载体,IPTG诱导VP1蛋白表达并纯化,SDS-PAGE结果显示重组蛋白表达且纯化浓度较高,将重组蛋白乳化后免疫新西兰兔3次,取血检测抗血清的效价,ELISA结果显示抗体效价为1∶64 000,利用所构建真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)-VP1表达VP1对抗血清进行检测,Western blot结果表明抗血清可较好的与VP1特异性结合。结论制备具有免疫原性的VP1蛋白及其效价较高的抗血清,为进一步研究抗EV71诊断方法、血清学诊断试剂盒及抗病毒疫苗的研制奠定基础。     

Synthesis and Photovoltaic Performance of a [1,2,3]Triazolo[4,5‐g]quinoxaline‐Based Low‐Bandgap Polymer

A narrow‐bandgap conjugated polymer, PFDTBTzQ‐2OC1, is prepared by alternating [1,2,3]triazolo[4,5‐g]quinoxaline and 9,9‐didodecyl‐fluorene. With a bandgap of 1.63 eV, this polymer has wide absorption ranging from 300–760 nm in film. Bulk heterojunction solar cells fabricated by blending PFDTBTzQ‐2OC1 with [6,6]‐phenyl‐C₇₁‐butyric acid methyl ester exhibit a maximum power conversion efficiency of 1.31%, with a short‐circuit current density of 1.98 mA cm^–2, an open‐circuit voltage of 0.74 V, and a fill factor of 0.47.

     

Surveillance and molecular characterization of Newcastle disease virus in seafowl from coastal areas of China in 2011

Four Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates were obtained from 997 fecal and tissue samples were collected in 2011 from seafowl that included seagull, sea duck, and swan from the coastal areas of Guangdong, Jiangsu, and Shandong in China. These isolates (SD1, SD2, GD1, and JS1) were characterized for their pathogenicity according to their mean death time, intracerebral pathogenicity index and intravenous pathogenicity index. Full-length fusion protein genes containing the cleavage site were sequenced, and amino-acid sequences around the cleavage site were deduced. One isolate (SD2) was virulent to poultry as indicated by its mean death time, intracerebral pathogenicity index, and fusion gene cleavage site sequence, which was specific for virulent NDV (¹¹²R-R-Q-K-R-F¹¹⁷). The phylogenic analysis indicated that three of the isolates (SD1, GD1, and JS1) belonged to genotype II and the virulent isolate (SD2) belonged to genotype VIId. These findings suggest that some seafowl NDVs in the coastal areas of China have different virulences and molecular characterizations, and these NDVs have some similarity with vaccine- or poultry-adapted isolates.     

RRx-001 ameliorates inflammatory diseases by acting as a potent covalent NLRP3 inhibitor

The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a crucial role in innate immune-mediated inflammation and contributes to the pathogenesis of multiple autoinflammatory, metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases, but medications targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome are not available for clinical use. RRx-001 is a well-tolerated anticancer agent currently being investigated in phase III clinical trials, but its effects on inflammatory diseases are not known. Here, we show that RRx-001 is a highly selective and potent NLRP3 inhibitor that has strong beneficial effects on NLRP3-driven inflammatory diseases. RRx-001 inhibits the activation of the canonical, noncanonical, and alternative NLRP3 inflammasomes but not the AIM2, NLRC4 or Pyrin inflammasomes. Mechanistically, RRx-001 covalently binds to cysteine 409 of NLRP3 via its bromoacetyl group and therefore blocks the NLRP3-NEK7 interaction, which is critical for the assembly and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. More importantly, RRx-001 treatment attenuates the symptoms of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice. Thus, our study identifies RRx-001 as a new potential therapeutic agent for NLRP3-driven diseases.