Angiogenic potential of malignant and non-malignant human breast tissues in an in vivo angiogenesis model

Tumors need to acquire an angiogenic phenotype for outgrowth and metastasis formation. Limited information on the angiogenic potential of specific tissues, especially human breast tissues is available. Here we describe an in vivo model, using the dorsal skin fold chamber in immunodeficient nude mice, where various tissues of human breast origin were xenografted and evaluated for their angiogenesis-inducing potential. We found that angiogenesis was abundantly induced by all breast carcinoma tissue samples. Similar angiogenesis was induced by tissue samples from breasts with hyperplasia and apocrine metaplasia. Histologically normal tissues adjacent to the tumor induced angiogenesis in 66% of the cases. Angiogenesis was not induced by control tissues from normal healthy breasts, obtained after cosmetic breast reduction. Angiogenesis induction parallelled VEGF production by the tumor cells. The tissue induced neovascularization, found both around and in the human tissue, was functional since a tail vein injection of albumin-FITC revealed positive tumor microcirculation within 5 min, while the tumor tissue still consisted of vital human epithelial cells after 14 days. Int. J. Cancer 77:455–459, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Histopathological changes in the oesophageal mucosa in Egyptian children with corrosive strictures: A single-centre vast experience

BACKGROUND The caustic ingestion continues to be a major problem worldwide especially in developing countries. The long-term complications include stricture and increased life time risk of oesophageal carcinoma. Patients suffered from corrosive induced oesophageal strictures have more than a 1000-fold risk of developing carcinoma of the oesophagus.AIM To determine the possibility of oesophageal mucosal dysplasia after prolonged dilatation in post corrosive stricture.METHODS This observational study was conducted at the Paediatric Endoscopy Unit in Cairo University Children's Hospital. It included children of both sexes older than 2 years of age who had an established diagnosis of post-corrosive oesophageal stricture and repeated endoscopic dilatation sessions for more than 6 mo. All patients were biopsied at the stricture site after 6 mo of endoscopic dilatation. A histopathological examination of an oesophageal mucosal biopsy was performed for the detection of chronic oesophagitis, inflammatory cellular infiltration and dysplasia.RESULTS The mean age of the enrolled children was 5.9 ± 2.6 years; 90% of the patients had ingested an alkaline corrosive substance(potash). The total number of endoscopic dilatation sessions were ranging from 16 to 100 with mean number of sessionswas 37.2 ± 14.9. Histopathological examination of the specimens showed that 85%of patients had evidence of chronic oesophagitis(group A) in the form of basal cell hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis and subepithelial fibrosis. Thirteen percent of the patients had evidence of reactive atypia(group B) in the form of severe neutrophilic intraepithelial inflammatory cellular infiltration, and 2 patients(2%)had mild squamous dysplasia(group C); we rebiopsied these two patients 6 mo after the initial pathological assessment, guided by chromoendoscopy by Lugol's iodine.CONCLUSION The histopathology of oesophageal mucosal biopsies in post-corrosive patients demonstrates evidence of chronic oesophagitis, intraepithelial inflammatory cellular infiltration and dysplasia. Dysplasia is one of the complications of postcorrosive oesophageal stricture.     

Aktuelle Diagnostik und Behandlung des Basalzellkarzinoms

Das Basalzellkarzinom ist der häufigste Tumor des hellhäutigen Menschen, altersstandardisiert liegt die Inzidenz bei 63 (Frauen) bzw. 80 (Männer) pro 100 000 Einwohner pro Jahr in Deutschland. Frühe Läsionen können klinisch eine diagnostische Herausforderung darstellen, hier können nichtinvasive Diagnoseverfahren wie die optische Kohärenztomographie und die konfokale Laserscanmikroskopie hilfreich sein. Die klinische Verdachtsdiagnose wird in der Regel mittels Gewebeuntersuchung histologisch bestätigt. Die Standardtherapie besteht in einer histologisch gesicherten, kompletten Resektion, wahlweise mittels mikrographisch Schnittrand‐kontrollierter Chirurgie oder entsprechend der Tumorgröße, ‐lokalisation und Infiltration mit 3–5 und mehr Millimetern Sicherheitsabstand, um das Rezidivrisiko zu mindern. Therapeutisch können insbesondere multiple Basalzellkarzinome (wie beim Gorlin‐Goltz‐Syndrom) oder lokal fortgeschrittene bzw. selten auch metastasierende Basalzellkarzinome ein Problem darstellen. Bei oberflächlichen Basalzellkarzinomen können nichtoperative Verfahren wie die photodynamische Therapie oder topische Medikamente erwogen werden. Bei lokal inoperablen oder metastasierenden Basalzellkarzinomen sollten in einer interdisziplinären Tumorkonferenz Therapieempfehlungen ausgesprochen werden, zu den Optionen zählen in dieser Situation eine Strahlentherapie oder eine Systemtherapie miteinem Hedgehog‐Inhibitor.     

Multiple hyperpigmentierte druckdolente subkutane Noduli beider Unterschenkel

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