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991.
992.
Salud Para Su Corazón: A Community-Based Latino Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Outreach Model
Rina Alcalay Matilde Alvarado Hector Balcazar Eileen Newman Elmer Huerta 《Journal of community health》1999,24(5):359-379
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death for Latinos living in the United States. This population is generally unaware of important lifestyle or behavioral changes that can prevent CVD. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) designed and implemented Salud para su Corazón (Health for Your Heart), a culturally appropriate, community-based, theory-driven intervention model. NHLBI's goals were: (1) to design an intervention model appropriate to Latino populations; (2) to pilot test the model in a specific community with the objectives of increasing awareness about heart disease, raising knowledge about CVD prevention, and promoting heart-healthy lifestyles; and (3) to disseminate the model and the materials developed to other communities with similar needs. An agency-community partnership, under the leadership of the Community Alliance for Heart Health, guided all stages of the community intervention project. The multimedia bilingual community intervention included television telenovela format public service announcements (PSAs), radio programs, brochures, recipe booklets, charlas, a promotores training manual, and motivational videos. An evaluation survey assessed the impact of the intervention. A pre-post intervention survey was conducted with more than 300 participants, and results showed that the respondents were substantially more aware of risk factors for CVD, and had greatly increased their knowledge of ways to prevent heart disease. Dissemination efforts have resulted in numerous requests by health organizations, universities, and health maintenance organizations (HMOs) for educational materials and communication strategies produced by Salud para su Corazón. In addition, Univision, the largest Spanish-language broadcast television network, is airing the initiative's PSAs. Also, training seminars for promotores are being conducted in differ ent regions of the United States, and several locations are planning to replicate this study. 相似文献
993.
Rafael J. Salin-Pascual Maria Luisa Moro-Lopez Hector Gonzalez-Sanchez Carlos Blanco-Centurion 《Psychopharmacology》1999,145(2):133-138
Rationale: Acetylcholine clearly plays a role in regulating sleep. This influence may involve nicotinic systems because several studies
have demonstrated that nicotine treatment alters sleep. However, the literature that suggests an effect of nicotine treatment
on sleep is contradictory, perhaps because different doses and routes of administration were used. Objective: The studies reported here evaluated the effects of several doses of nicotine on REM sleep in the rat. Methods: Male Wistar rats were prepared with a set of sleep recording electrodes and, following habituation to the test chamber,
were used in one of three studies: a) a dose-response analysis of an acute dose of nicotine on REM sleep measured during the
first 4 h after injection; b) a chronic treatment experiment; or c) a mecamylamine blockade experiment. Results: Acute nicotine administration decreased REM sleep in a dose-dependent fashion; significant effects were observed following
injection with the 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg doses. A decrease in slow wave sleep and an increase in wakefulness were also observed.
Mecamylamine by itself did not affect REM sleep, but it blocked the effects on sleep produced by nicotine when given 30 min
before a 1 mg/kg dose of nicotine. Rats that had been injected once daily with a 0.1 mg/kg dose of nicotine showed an increase
in REM sleep after the third injection, whereas rats that had been chronically treated with a higher dose (0.5 mg/kg) displayed
a reduction in REM and total sleep time. Conclusion: These findings argue that the effects of both acute and chronic nicotine treatment on sleep are influenced by the dose of
nicotine used.
Received: 7 July 1998 / Final version: 9 March 1999 相似文献
994.
Anthony P. Zbacnik Ajay Rawal Bailey Lee Robert Werling Dennis Knapp Hector Mesa 《Journal of cutaneous pathology》2015,42(11):903-910
Carcinosarcomas are malignant neoplasms with biphasic carcinomatous and sarcomatous or sarcoma‐like components. In general, the sarcomatous component is accepted to be the result of divergent mesenchymal differentiation of the epithelial component. Although well characterized in some anatomic locations (e.g. uterus, upper aerodigestive tract and lung), carcinosarcomas of the skin are rare. Reported epithelial components include squamous, adnexal, neuroendocrine and basaloid. Including this case, only 47 cases of primary cutaneous basal cell carcinosarcoma have been reported in the literature to date. We performed an extensive immunophenotypic evaluation in our case, which confirmed the previously reported coexpression of p53 in both components, and revealed a hitherto unreported coexpression of p16 and p63. Additionally, this report reviews the clinical, pathologic, immunophenotypic characteristics and outcomes of the basal cell carcinosarcomas reported in the literature, in order to emphasize the overall uniform characteristics and clinical behavior of this neoplasm. 相似文献
995.
996.
Background
Osteoarthritis is associated with increased bone resorption and increased cartilage degradation in the subchondral bone and joint. The objective of the present study was to determine whether Tibolone, a synthetic steroid with estrogenic, androgenic, and progestogenic properties, would have similar dual actions on both bone and cartilage turnover, as reported previously with some SERMS and HRT. 相似文献997.
998.
Stephen J. Qualman Ronald Jaffe Kevin E. Bove Hector Monforte-Muñoz 《Pediatric and developmental pathology》1999,2(6):588-596
Diagnostic pathologists remain uncomfortable with the diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease (HD) via rectal (mucosal/submucosal)
biopsy and with performance and interpretation of the associated acetylcholinesterase (AChE) assay. This report details the
different diagnostic approaches taken by four major pediatric institutions—Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH; Children's Hospital
Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Children's Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA—in confirming or
excluding the presence of HD. The Columbus approach emphasizes serial morphologic examination of rectal biopsies, while Cincinnati
emphasizes the primary diagnostic utility of the AChE stain. Pittsburgh and Los Angeles emphasize a detailed gross and microscopic
analysis of rectal biopsies to detect both conventional HD and its more rare subtypes.
The diagnostic approaches of these four institutions can be used on a complementary basis to the advantage of the general
diagnostic pathologist, especially in HD cases with subtle clinical presentations. The need for careful and continual communication
between the clinician and pathologist in diagnosing or excluding the presence of HD is imperative. 相似文献
999.
The Effect of Performance-Based Financial Incentives on Improving Patient Care Experiences: A Statewide Evaluation
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Hector P. Rodriguez Ted von Glahn Marc N. Elliott William H. Rogers Dana Gelb Safran 《Journal of general internal medicine》2009,24(12):1281-1288
BACKGROUND
Patient experience measures are central to many pay-for-performance (P4P) programs nationally, but the effect of performance-based financial incentives on improving patient care experiences has not been assessed. 相似文献1000.