Histologic analysis of tissue response to bucrylate-pantopaque mixture

A toxicologic-pathologic study of isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Bucrylate) was carried out first in dogs and then in humans whose arteriovenous malformations were infused with this embolic agent. The canine specimens obtained at 7, 18, 28, and 147 days after embolization showed the development of a mild histiocytic giant cell reaction, which evolved to end-state sclerotic arteritis. The response was confined to the vessels and did not involve contiguous parenchymal tissues. Ten human specimens, obtained from 1 hr to 7 years after treatment, showed a similar bland reaction with no evidence of suppuration or premalignant changes.     

The narcissistically vulnerable system: A case study of the public mental hospital

The present paper introduces the concept of the narcissistically vulnerable system by suggesting that organizations may manifest some of the same pathological characteristics as narcissistic individuals. The public mental hospital was chosen as an example of such a system. Reasons for its vulnerability were suggested and specific defenses, employed at the system level, were discussed. Finally, remedies for the repair of the narcissistically vulnerable system were considered.     

Changes in cognitive and Language functioning of Preschool children with autism

Preschool children with autism and their normally developing peers were compared on the Stanford-Binet IV and Preschool Language Scale before and after 1 school year. Both measures showed that although the children with autism functioned at a lower level than their normally developing peers, the children with autism had narrowed this gap after treatment, making a nearly 19-point increase in IQ and an 8-point gain in language quotient. The IQ measure remained stable for the normally developing peers while their language showed a 7.73-point increase. The data support the notion that young children with autism can make very significant developmental gains.Special thanks to the parents and the children who participated in this study. Thanks also to Michael Alessandri, Jean Burton, David Celiberti, Nancy Gera-Moglia, Anne Nathan, and Lisa Kamean who assisted in the data collection process. We appreciate the cooperation of Alicia MacWright and Leisa Tomchek who taught two of the classes from which participants were drawn.     

The influence of team experience on outcomes of endovascular stenting of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the experience of the specialist team was associated with adverse events following endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms. METHODS: The EUROSTAR database is a voluntary registry of 2863 patients admitted to 93 hospitals in Europe with an abdominal aortic aneurysm treated with endovascular stenting. Mortality, rupture and the need for secondary interventions were the main outcomes. RESULTS: In patients who underwent endovascular stenting by the most experienced specialist teams the mortality rate was 40% lower than in those treated by the least experienced teams (adjusted hazard ratio 0.60, 95% confidence interval: 0.4-1.0; p = 0.05). Also patients treated by the most experienced specialist teams were 68% less likely to have adverse events necessitating a secondary intervention than those treated by the least experienced teams (adjusted hazard ratio 0.32, 95% confidence interval: 0.2-0.5; p < 0.001). The crude rupture rate was 0.1% among patients treated by the most experienced specialist teams and 0.8% among those treated by the least experienced teams (p = 0.74). CONCLUSIONS: Specialist teams with a high level of experience of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm stenting encounter lower mortality rates and fewer adverse events leading to secondary interventions.     

Race and mammography use in two North Carolina counties.

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated racial differences in mammography use and their association with physicians' recommendations and other factors. METHODS: The study used 1988 survey data for 948 women 50 years of age and older from the New Hanover Breast Cancer Screening Program. Racial differences in terms of physician recommendation, personal characteristics, health characteristics, and attitudes toward breast cancer and mammography were examined. Factors at least minimally associated with race and use were included in multivariate logistic regression analyses to examine the effect of race while controlling for other factors. RESULTS: In comparison with White women. Black women were half as likely to report ever having had a mammogram (27% vs 52%) and having a mammogram in the past year (17% vs 36%). Black women also significantly less often reported physician recommendation (25% vs 52%). Although Black and White women differed significantly in other characteristics, multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that physician recommendation accounted for 60% to 75% of the initial racial differences in mammography use. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding physicians' recommendations for breast cancer screening is a critical first step to increasing mammography use in disadvantaged populations.     

Parental Perceptions, Early Maladaptive Schemas, and Depressive Symptoms in Young Adults

Cognitive models of depression propose that negative schemas contribute to depressive symptoms. Early experiences, particularly parenting, have been proposed to influence cognitive schemas and have also been shown to correlate with depression. This study explores the concurrent relationship between retrospective reports of parenting, Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMSs) described by J. E. Young (1994), and symptoms of depression in a sample of undergraduate students (N = 194). The EMSs of defectiveness/shame, insufficient self-control, vulnerability, and incompetence/inferiority were associated with perceptions of parenting and depressive symptomatology. There was evidence that these four EMSs partially mediate the relationship between parental perceptions and depressive symptomatology. Results are discussed in relation to previous findings, theory, and the measurement of EMSs.