Sleep apnea and respiratory anomaly detection from a wearable band and oxygen saturation

Sleep and Breathing - Sleep-related respiratory abnormalities are typically detected using polysomnography. There is a need in general medicine and critical care for a more convenient method to...     

Surface functionality density regulated in situ reduction of nanosilver on hierarchial wrinkled mesoporous silica nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity

Hierarchical wrinkled mesoporous silica nanoparticles (WMS NPs) bedecked with diverse functionality density of amino groups (WMSs-N2, WMSs-NN and WMSs-NNN) were first synthesized via typical Sol–Gel method, and then utilized for the in situ reduction of nanosilver with sodium borohydride. Elegantly distributed Ag NPs (ca. 7–10 nm, 3–5 nm) on WMSs-N2 and WMSs-NN without any agglomeration were obtained respectively, while Ag NPs (ca. 50 nm) dispersed on WMSs-NNN were obviously larger and slightly agglomerated. Compared to pure Ag NPs, all the obtained Ag@WMSs composites were durable and displayed much better antibacterial performance, with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 12–80 mg L⁻¹ and a minimal bactericidal concentration of 24–108 mg L⁻¹, respectively. Moreover, it was found that the functionality density of amino groups and the specific surface area of WMSs played a crucial role for the antibacterial performance of the obtained nanocomposites. Because WMSs-NN had higher specific surface area and surface amino density than WMSs-N2, the size and dispersion of Ag NPs on WMSs-NN were smaller and superior to those of Ag NPs on WMSs-N2, respectively. Accordingly, Ag@WMSs-NN displayed a better antibacterial capacity than Ag@WMSs-N2. As for Ag@WMSs-NNN, owing to the high loading content of Ag NPs, they exhibited the best antibacterial and bactericidal properties.

Nanosilver with diverse particle size was attached onto hierarchical WMS, and the resulted samples showed excellent antibacterial properties.     

The preparation of liquefied bio-stalk carbon nanofibers and their application in supercapacitors

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have been widely used in electrochemical energy storage devices because of their excellent conductivity, extremely large surface area and structural stability. Herein, we obtained a viscous, liquefied bio-stalk carbon via the simple chemical treatment of biomass, and mixed it with polyacrylonitrile to prepare a spinning solution. Subsequent electrospinning and high temperature activation resulted in the successful preparation of liquefied lignin-based activated carbon nanofibers. The as-prepared liquefied bio-stalk carbon nanofibers exhibited an outstanding electrochemical performance (specific capacitance of 273 F g⁻¹ at 0.5 A g⁻¹ current density), and a capacitance retention of 210 F g⁻¹ even under a large current density of 10 A g⁻¹. Besides its high specific capacitance and outstanding rate capability, the symmetrical supercapacitor cell based on the liquefied carbon-based nanofiber electrodes also exhibited an excellent cycling performance with 92.76% capacitance retention after 5000 charge–discharge cycles. This study provides a new strategy for the future development of supercapacitor electrode materials and enhances the development of biomass energy.

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have been widely used in electrochemical energy storage devices because of their excellent conductivity, extremely large surface area and structural stability.     

Alterations in serum protein glycopatterns related to small cell lung cancer,adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma of the lung

Background: The main reason why lung cancer has maintained a high rate of morbidity and mortality is that its early diagnosis is difficult. No current lung cancer screening is recommended by any major medical organization due to the lack of sensitive and specific screening technologies. Thus, this study aimed to systematically investigate the correlation between the alterations in serum glycosylation and three main types of lung cancers (SCLC, ADC and SqCC). Materials and methods: We investigated the protein glycopatterns in sera from 333 subjects (65 healthy volunteers, 38 benign lung disease patients, 49 small cell lung cancer patients, and 181 NSCLC patients) using a lectin microarray. A serum microarray was produced to evaluate and verify the terminal carbohydrate moieties of the glycoproteins in individual serum samples from 30 cases simultaneously. Results: There were 16 lectins (e.g., RCA120, BS-I, and UEA-I), 24 lectins (e.g., HHL, PTL-I, and MAL-II), and 18 lectins (e.g., GSL-I, LEL, and ACA) that exhibited significant differences in serum protein glycopatterns in the patients with SCLC, ADC and SqCC compared with the controls (HV and BPD). There were 6 lectins (e.g., EEL, NPA, and LEL) that exhibited significantly increased NFIs in ADC and SqCC compared with SCLC. Also, there were 5 lectins (e.g., Jacalin, BS-I, and UEA-I) that exhibited significantly decreased NFIs in ADC compared with SCLC and SqCC. Conclusions: This study can facilitate the discovery of potential biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of lung cancer based on the precise alteration in serum protein glycopatterns.

The main reason why lung cancer has maintained a high rate of morbidity and mortality is that its early diagnosis is difficult.     

中国及各省份人群不同肥胖指标心血管疾病负担比较

探讨我国不同地区由肥胖引起的心血管疾病负担的差异。方法 基于中国高血压调查,随机选取30036名35岁以上研究对象进行随访。使用来自CHS的数据计算全国和省的不同肥胖指标的加权患病率,采用Cox回归分析计算不同肥胖指标全国及分省的心血管疾病校正风险比（Hazard ratio, HR）并估算人群归因百分比（Population attributable fractions, PAFs）。结果：研究纳入325552名CHS参与人群和22793名队列研究人群（平均4.56年的随访,其中1109名参与者发生了至少一次心血管事件）。在全国层面,与正常体重（BMI＜24 Kg/m2）相比,在调整了年龄、教育水平、吸烟、饮酒等多种危险因素后,所有肥胖指标均与CVD风险增加有统计学差异。其中,超重和肥胖的HR分别为正常体重指数的1.18倍（95% CI 1.03~1.34）和1.53倍（95% CI 1.29~1.81）,超重人群心血管疾病的PAFs为6.20%（95% CI 6.16%~6.24%）,肥胖7.08%（95% CI 6.99%~7.17%）;腹型肥胖的HR为1.44 （95% CI 1.27-1.62）,PAFs为13.30%（95% CI 13.21%~13.37%）;体脂率的HR为1.25（95% CI 1.10~1.41）,PAFs为8.99%（95% CI 8.94%~9.04%）;内脏脂肪指数的HR为1.43（95% CI 1.23~1.65）,PAFs为5.14%（95% CI 5.07%~5.21%）。对于各省而言,肥胖的PAFs分布北部和西部省份最高,南部和沿海省份最低。体重指数肥胖的PAFs天津最高为13.31%,海南最低为2.37%;腹型肥胖的PAFs天津最高20.78%,海南最低5.38%。结论：我国心血管疾病很大比例可归因于肥胖。腰围指标较其他肥胖指标心血管疾病PAFs更高,我国北方和经济社会地位较低的省份心血管疾病PAFs显著偏高。     

探寻一家系短期3例胃癌的临床病理及其相关肿瘤特征

目的 总结家族聚集性胃癌(FGC)的临床特征,为其防治提供一定的参考价值。方法 回顾性收集2016年12月至2022年1月收治的同一家系兄弟姐妹3人先后患胃癌的临床资料,分析其一般情况、临床特点、治疗及转归,并随访至2022年3月。结果 胃癌在此家系中呈聚集性发病,其中男2例、女1例,发病时平均年龄47岁,3例患者具有共同的生活及饮食习惯,符合FGC的诊断,明确诊断后均接受手术及术后化疗,现1例患者已故,另外2例患者定期复查。结论 FGC的发病率较低,本文报道的短期内同一家系兄弟姐妹3人先后都患胃癌更为罕见,因此,家族中有超过2人患胃癌时,一定要注意预防FGC的发生。     

安徽省885家医疗机构药事管理与药学服务现状调研分析

目的了解安徽省医疗机构药事管理与药学服务现状,为药事管理质量控制工作和建立药师培养模型提供依据。方法全省医疗机构药学部门在线填写调研表,内容包括医院信息、药事管理组织建设、药学部门人员结构、药学部门基本情况、临床药学工作、临床药师制建设、药学会诊情况、药品质量管理、药品使用、药品短缺。对调研结果进行汇总分析。结果共收到885家医疗机构有效调研表,其中三级医疗机构62家(7.01%),二级93家(21.8%),一级81家(9.15%),基层549家(62.03%)。不同级别、性质的医疗机构之间药事管理与药学服务存在较大差异。结论应以三级综合医院牵头,建立全省三级质控网络体系,逐步提高二级、一级和基层医疗机构药学服务水平;医院药师培养要以岗位胜任力为导向,建立规范化系统化的继续教育模式,以适应新时代药学服务转型。     

右美托咪定预处理减轻氧糖剥夺再灌注条件下HUVECs的损伤

目的 探讨右美托咪定预处理对氧糖剥夺再灌注条件下人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cell,HUVECs) 的保护作用.方法 体外培养HUVECs,分为4组: 对照组(NC组),ogd /r组(加入等体积的PBS),Dex + ogd /r组(加入50 μmol /L的右美托咪定预处理2 h),Dex + YOH + ogd /r组(加入50 μmol /L的右美托咪定和100 μmol /L育亨宾预处理2 h) .对照组置于正常条件下培养,其他3组细胞置于Hank's液中于缺氧恒温细胞培养箱内培养12 h,之后换正常培养基置于常氧恒温培养箱内培养4 h.采用CCK-8试剂盒检测细胞活力,取细胞培养基上清液检测LDH活力.用流式细胞仪检测细胞内活性氧水平和钙离子水平,用Rhodamine-123检测细胞线粒体膜电位的高低.结果 与NC组相比,ogd /r组细胞活力明显下降(P＜0. 05),LDH释放水平升高(P＜0. 05),胞内活性氧和钙离子水平升高(P＜0. 05),线粒体膜电位降低(P＜0. 05);与ogd /r组相比,Dex + ogd /r组细胞活力升高(P＜0. 05),LDH释放水平降低(P＜0. 05),胞内活性氧和钙离子水平降低(P＜0. 05),线粒体膜电位升高(P＜0. 05);与Dex + ogd /r组相比,Dex + YOH + ogd /r组细胞活力下降(P＜0. 05),LDH释放水平升高(P＜0. 05),胞内活性氧和钙离子水平升高(P＜0. 05),线粒体膜电位降低(P＜0. 05) .结论 右美托咪定预处理可以减轻氧糖剥夺再灌注造成的HUVECs损伤,可能与激活α 受体有关.     

An Innovative Digestion Method: Ultrasound-Assisted Electrochemical Oxidation for the Onsite Extraction of Heavy Metal Elements in Dairy Farm Slurry

Dairy farm slurry is an important biomass resource that can be used as a fertilizer and in energy utilization and chemical production. This study aimed to establish an innovative ultrasound-assisted electrochemical oxidation (UAEO) digestion method for the rapid and onsite analysis of the heavy metal (HM) contamination level of dairy slurry. The effects of UAEO operating parameters on digestion efficiency were tested based on Cu and Zn concentrations in a dairy slurry sample. The results showed that Cu and Zn digestion efficiency was (96.8 ± 2.6) and (98.5 ± 2.9)%, respectively, with the optimal UAEO operating parameters (digestion time: 45 min; ultrasonic power: 400 W; NaCl concentration: 10 g/L). The digestion recovery rate experiments were then operated with spiked samples to verify the digestion effect on broad-spectrum HMs. When the digestion time reached 45 min, all digestion recovery rates exceeded 90%. Meanwhile, free chlorine concentration, particle size distribution, and micromorphology were investigated to demonstrate the digestion mechanism. It was found that 414 mg/L free chorine had theoretically enough oxidative ability, and the ultrasound intervention could deal with the blocky undissolved particles attributed to its crushing capacity. The results of particle size distribution showed that the total volume and bulky particle proportion had an obvious decline. The micromorphology demonstrated that the ultrasound intervention fragmented the bulky particles, and electrochemical oxidation made irregular blocky structures form arc edge and cellular structures. The aforementioned results indicated that UAEO was a novel and efficient method. It was fast and convenient. Additionally, it ensured digestion efficiency and thus had a good application prospect.