支撑喉镜电视内镜下低温等离子射频治疗会厌囊肿的疗效研究

目的探讨支撑喉镜电视内镜下低温等离子射频治疗会厌囊肿的疗效及其对术后近期复发率的影响。方法选取因会厌囊肿拟行择期手术患者116例,以患者收治顺序分为观察组与对照组,每组各58例。对照组采用传统手术切除,观察组在支撑喉镜电视内镜下行低温等离子射频消融治疗。比较两组围手术期情况,术前及术后7d会厌囊肿评分,病理类型以及并发症,随访12个月观察复发情况。结果两组均一次手术成功,新生物切除干净;观察组手术时间、术中及术后出血量均少于对照组(P0.05或P0.01)。观察组和对照组患者术前厌囊肿评分为5.5±1.0和5.4±1.2,两组患者比较无统计学差异(P0.05),术后7d两组会厌囊肿评分术后分别为0.6±0.2及1.8±0.5,两组评分与术前比较均显著降低(P0.01),且观察组术后会厌囊肿评分低于对照组(P0.05)。病理类型主要为粘液囊肿、表皮样囊肿,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。除观察组2例、对照组3例患者有轻微异物感外,未见其他并发症。术后1年,观察组与对照组复发率分别为1.72%(1/58)和8.62%(5/58),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经支撑喉镜电视内镜下低温等离子射频治疗会厌囊肿具有较好的临床疗效,术中能精确切割病变组织,且无热效应损伤周围组织,术中出血量少,术后恢复迅速,且近期复发率较低,是一种安全、有效的微创治疗方法。     

侗医学研究与发展的思考

近代以来,侗医学者对侗医药做了大量地挖掘和整理,为侗医学的传承和发展作出了巨大贡献.侗医学的基本理论包括五位一体观、七气六味的药性理论.目前已整理出千余种侗药、500余种侗医病名.然而,由于侗医学口口相传的特点,以及诸多现实条件的限制,使得目前侗医学的知识仍然是未成系统的.当前的首要任务是建立侗医学学科体系,从而进行统筹规划、系统研究、重点攻关,以传承和发展侗医药的精粹.     

家族性腺瘤性息肉病的临床研究进展

该文对家族性腺瘤性息肉病（familial adenomatous polyposis,FAP）近年来的临床诊断、预防和治疗等方面的现状及最新研究进展进行了综述。FAP为肿瘤的研究提供了一个理想的模型,其研究成果是进一步揭示肿瘤发生机制,并进行肿瘤预测、早期诊断和有效防治的重要依据。     

Electroacupuncture for postpartum urinary retention: A randomized controlled study: 电针治疗产后尿潴留:随机对照研究

Objectiveto observe the clinical effect of electroacupuncture on postpartum urinary retention (PPUR) through a randomized controlled study.Methodsseventy-two PPUR puerperae who met the inclusion criteria were divided into the observation group (electroacupuncture at Cìliáo (次髎BL32) and Zhōngliáo (中髎BL33) group) and the control group (sham acupuncture group) according to the random number table method, with 36 cases in each. Urine catheters were retained. After 3 days of treatment, the therapeutic effect of PPUR was compared between the two groups.Resultsin the observation group, the first urination time was significantly earlier than that in the control group, the first urination volume was significantly more than that in the control group, the bladder residual urine volume was significantly less than that in the control group, and the urinary infection was significantly less than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (all P <0.001). Compared with the control group, there were statistically significant differences in catheter removal, independent urination, cured cases, effective cases, ineffective cases, and total effective cases in the observation group (all P < 0.05).Conclusionthe therapeutic value of electroacupuncture at BL32 and BL33 for primiparae with PPUR is significantly obvious. This therapy is worthy of clinical promotion.     

阿尔茨海默病血液流变学初步研究

目的　探讨阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者的血液流变学的改变。方法　30例AD患者,30例健康老年人进行血液流变学检测。结果　AD患者血液流变学血粘度,红细胞刚性指数等指标均显著高于对照组(P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论　AD患者存在血液流变学异常,其测定对AD的诊断、预后及改善血液微循环的治疗方法具有积极意义。     

A national audit of antibiotic prophylaxis in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Introduction

Laparoscopic surgeons in Great Britain and Ireland were surveyed to assess their use of antibiotic prophylaxis in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This followed a Cochrane review that found no evidence to support the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in routine cases.

Methods

Data were collected on routine use of antibiotics in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and how that was influenced by factors such as bile spillage, patient co-morbidities and surgeons’ experience. An online questionnaire was sent to 450 laparoscopic surgeons in December 2011.

Results

Data were received from 111 surgeons (87 consultants) representing over 7,000 cases per year. In routine cases without bile spillage, 64% of respondents gave no antibiotics and 36% gave a single dose. In cases with bile spillage, 11% gave no antibiotics. However, 80% gave one dose and 7% gave three doses. Co-amoxiclav was used by 75% of surgeons. Surgeons are more likely to give antibiotics when patients have risk factors for infective endocarditis.

Conclusions

This study suggests over 20,000 doses of antibiotics and over £100,000 could be saved annually if surgeons modified their practice to follow current guidelines.     

应用全颌曲面断层片判断牙周炎骨密度和预测下颌角骨折风险的研究

目的：应用一种新的全颌曲面断层分析方法来判断牙周炎组和正常组之间的相对骨密度（RBD）的差异,并预测下颌角骨折的风险.方法：回顾性研究60例牙周炎患者和60例正常组病例,应用全颌曲面断层片比较其相对骨密度（RBD）.同时,调查所有患者的下颌角骨折病史并做记录.结果：牙周炎组和正常组之间的三个RDB指数的差异有明显统计学意义.正常组有3例下颌角骨折患者,牙周炎组有8例下颌角骨折病例.两组下颌角骨折患者RBD指数均相对较低.结论：牙周炎组和正常组的RBD指数之间具有明显统计学意义,RBD指数可以作为普通全颌曲面断层片的一种新的分析方法.可用做牙周炎的筛选工作,并在一定程度上可以预测发生下颌角骨折的风险.     

医药工业洁净室悬浮粒子的测量不确定度评定

目的：评定洁净室悬浮粒子的测量不确定度。方法对悬浮粒子的测量不确定度来源分析,建立数学模型,逐项评定悬浮粒子的不确定度的分量,合成标准不确定度,最后得出测量结果的扩展不确定度。结果粒径≥0.5μm的悬浮粒子数为（10490±2472）粒/m3,k=2;粒径≥5μm的悬浮粒子数为（923±296）粒/m3, k=2。结论悬浮粒子的测量不确定度主要来源是仪器的计量性能及试验重复性引起的不确定度,测量时应注意采样点的均匀性及代表性,多点采样,以减少不确定度,提高结果的可靠性。     

体脂量是绝经后女性股骨近端骨强度的决定因素

正Lower body weight or body mass index(BMI)has been known to be higher risk of developing osteoporosis and low-energy fractures via mechanical loading and other factors in both men and women[1].Recently,there have been new insights into the relationships between body composition and bone health.However,most of the previous studies regarding the relative effect of body composition on bone mass yielded inconsistent     

人文关怀护理干预对门诊护理服务满意度的影响

目的了解通过人文关怀护理干预后就诊者对门诊护士满意度影响。方法护理服务质量满意度调查表共设置17条,每条项目有"满意"、"基本满意"、"不满意"3项选择或"是"与"否"2项选择。"满意"、"基本满意"、"是"项列入优良项目数,"不满意"、"否"项列入不良项目数。对人文关怀护理干预及常规护理的就诊者各50例采用门诊现场问卷调查和集中填表相结合的方式进行满意度调查。结果分别收到人文关怀护理干预组及常规护理组就诊者对门诊护理服务综合评价不良项目179条和21条,两者比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对门诊就诊者进行人文关怀护理干预可提高门诊护理服务质量及就诊者的满意度。