Approach selection and outcomes of craniopharyngioma resection: a single-institute study

Neurosurgical Review - Since there are many approaches for successful craniopharyngioma resection, how to choose a suitable approach remains problematic. The aim of this study was to summarize...     

Berberine plays a cardioprotective role by inhibiting macrophage Wnt5a/β-catenin pathway in the myocardium of mice after myocardial infarction

Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the diseases with high fatality rate. Berberine (BBR) is a monomer compound with various biological functions. And some studies have confirmed that BBR plays an important role in alleviating cardiomyocyte injury after MI. However, the specific mechanism is unclear. In this study, we induced a model of MI by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and we surprisingly found that BBR significantly improved ventricular remodeling, with a minor inflammatory and oxidative stress injury, and stronger angiogenesis. Moreover, BBR inhibited the secretion of Wnt5a/β-catenin pathway in macrophages after MI, thus promoting the differentiation of macrophages into M2 type. In summary, BBR effectively improved cardiac function of mice after MI, and the potential protective mechanism was associated with the regulation of inflammatory responses and the inhibition of macrophage Wnt5a/β-catenin pathway in the infarcted heart tissues. Importantly, these findings supported BBR as an effective cardioprotective drug after MI.     

Association of TERT gene polymorphisms with clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia in a Chinese Han population of the Northwest region

BackgroundTo investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs10078761, rs12696304, rs2853669, rs16847897, rs2736100, rs10069690) of telomerase gene (TERT) and the risk clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in a Chinese Han population of the Northwest region.MethodsA total of 150 BPH patients and 150 healthy older males from the northwest Chinese Han population were included in this study. The sample size for this unmatched case-control study was estimated by the look-up table method. Meanwhile, the general information and disease data of patients were collected. Age was only collected in healthy control subjects for statistical correction. Genotypes were detected using a multiplex PCR + ligase detection reaction (LDR). Typing results and clinical data were statistically analyzed using multiple linear regression and logistic regression. Pearson correlation was used for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.ResultsThe included population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There was no significant association between SNP and the risk of BPH by correlation analysis. However, 4 haplotypes (TCTGGT, TCTGTC, TGCCTC, and TGTGTC) were identified as risk factors of BPH by haplotype analysis. The SNP rs2853669 is an independent risk factor for smooth muscle type of hyperplasia. Besides, rs2736100, rs10078761, and rs10069690 which are in linkage disequilibrium are associated with the severity of BPH.ConclusionsPolymorphism of the TERT gene determines the different disease development and pathological manifestations of BPH in the Chinese Han population the Northwest region.     

食管癌筛查队列操作流程与建设标准方案探讨

癌症防治工作的重点在于一级预防和二级预防,通过健康教育引起人们对疾病的重视、自觉改变不良行为习惯、主动参加定期体检是防治癌症性价比最高的措施之一。食管癌作为我国疾病负担较重的恶性肿瘤之一,定期筛查和早诊早治是该病防治工作的重点。而队列研究有助于了解食管癌的自然史和危险因素、识别食管癌高危人群。本研究拟从危险因素调查、疾病监测、生物样本信息搜集等方面对食管癌多维动态随访共享队列的建设规范进行探讨,为今后建立规范统一的食管癌筛查队列研究操作流程和建设标准提供参考。     

低血流心肌缺血诱导GLUT4基因表达

目的：探讨低血流心肌缺血促进葡萄糖摄取增加的机制。方法：采用Northrn印迹法观察缺血心肌葡萄转运子4（GLUT4）mRNA的表达,并利用蛋白质印迹法分析心肌GLUT4多肽的表达,结果：局部心肌低血流缺血后,心肌GLUT4mRNA和GLUT4多肽表达明显增加;同时伴随缺血心肌葡萄糖摄取明显增多。结论：心肌缺血能刺激GLUT4 mRNA和GLUT4多肽表达,使GLUT4数增加,进而促进心肌葡萄糖摄取增多,使缺血心肌能量需求得以平衡,有助于缺血心肌功能的恢复,提示低血流缺 刺激心肌GLUT4表达是一个重要的代偿性保护机制。     

腔内血管技术在肝静脉回流障碍综合征治疗中的应用

目的：探索一种简单、安全、有效的治疗肝静脉回流障碍（Budd-Chiari)综合征的新方法。方法：在11例肝静脉回流障碍综合征患中,应用经皮穿刺下腔静脉气囊扩张成形术治疗获得成功后,有9例患同时置入血管内支架。3例肝静脉完全闭塞在下腔静脉腔内治疗术成功后1周内行肠系膜上静脉－下腔静脉间人造血管“H”型分流术。结果：11例患,除1例在腔内治疗后出现轻度心功能不全表现外,无手术并发症,术后随访6－35个月,血管内支架通畅、无移位,分流血管无血栓栓塞,门脉高压症状明显缓解,患生活质量提高。结论：腔内血管技术是肝静脉回流障碍综合征的首选治疗方法。     

胫骨平台骨折的手术治疗

目的：探讨胫骨平台骨折的最佳治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析我院1997年1月至2000年12月收治的69例胫骨平台骨折手术患,骨折类型按Schatzker分型,其中Ⅰ型12、Ⅱ型19例、Ⅲ组10例、Ⅳ6例、Ⅴ8例、Ⅵ14例。除Ⅰ型采用经皮穿刺空心螺钉内固定外,其余各型采用切开复位支持钢板内固定,原则上塌陷＞0．5cm一律采用自体髂骨植骨。结果：58例患随访,平均随访15个月（6－37个月）,功能评价采用Hohl膝关节功能评分法,优良率达87．93％,结论：胫骨平台骨折宜手术治疗,手术方法根据不同的骨折类型而异。     

普罗布考对体外培养的主动脉平滑肌细胞NF—kB活性的影响

目的：观察普罗布考（probucol)对血管平滑肌细胞（VSMCs)核因子kB(NF-kB)活性的调控作用,以探讨probucol在动脉粥样硬化（AS）和经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术后再狭窄（RS）防治中的某些可能的作用机制。方法：采用电泳迁移位移测定法观察probucol对VSMCsNF-kB活性的影响。结果：H2O2或胎牛血清（NCS）处理VSMCs72h后,NF-kB活性均明显增强;而加入100umol/Lprobucol后,NF-kB活性受到部分抑制,抑制率分别为37.1%和14.8%。结论：Probucol抑制NCS、H2O2诱导的VSMCsNF-kB的活性,可能是其临床有效防治RS及AS的作用机制之一。     

朝鲜族人群鼻部肿瘤

[目的 ]了解朝鲜族的各种鼻部肿瘤的发病率并确定针对高发鼻部肿瘤的研究课题 .[方法 ]调查 1990年 1月到 1999年 10月之间在延边大学医学院附属医院病理科经活检确诊为鼻部肿瘤的全部患者的原始记录 .[结果 ]发现了 82例朝鲜族鼻部肿瘤患者 .其中 ,发病率最高的为乳头状瘤 ( 3 6/ 82 ) ,其次为鳞状上皮癌 ( 13 / 82 ) .[结论 ]朝鲜族鼻部乳头状瘤的发病率明显高于国内其它地区 .必须提高对鼻部乳头状瘤的诊断和治疗水平 ,并加快有关鼻部乳头状瘤和人类乳头状瘤病毒之间的关系的研究 .     

螺旋CT双期增强扫描对肝脏占位性病变的诊断价值

目的 探讨螺旋CT双期扫描对肝脏占位性病变的诊断价值。方法 对98例肝内占位性病变的病人进行螺旋CT双期增强扫描。结果 98例病人中肝癌48例,肝转移瘤19例,肝血管瘤31例。结论 螺旋CT扫描速度快,在动脉期和门静脉期分别完成全肝扫描,弥补了一般动态扫描的缺点,对肝内病灶的检出和定性有重要价值。