抗一HCV阳性无病毒血症患者HCV特异性免疫反应研究

目的 研究抗ＨＣＶ阳性无病毒血症患者特异的体流及细胞免疫状态。方法 对１５例抗ＨＣＶ阳性无病毒血症患者,１５例慢性ＨＣＶ持续感染者及１５例正常对照者进行研究。通过ＭＴＴ、ＬＤＨ释放法、酶联免疫等方法观察患者外周Ｔ细胞反应、自然杀伤（ＮＫ）细胞活性、细胞因子分泌及特异性体液免疫反应。结果 无病毒血症者Ｔ细胞增殖反应明显大于持续感染者及对照组,并且Ｔ细胞对核心区抗原增殖最大,ＮＳ３次之,对ＮＳ５则无明     

我国基本药物生产流通使用中存在问题和成因分析

描述我国药品生产、流通和使用等各个环节中存在的问题，从政策层面上揭示了基本药物可获得性低的原因，提出政府应系统考虑基本药物目录范围、基本药物生产、供应、使用和价格等各个方面，形成国家基本药物政策，从制度上确保公众对基本药物的可获得性。     

内蒙古自治区智力残疾现患率调查及病因分析

目的:了解内蒙古自治区智力残疾(mental retardation.MR)的现患率及其分布特点,分析其主要致残原因构成特点,探讨预防治疗措施。方法:采用概率比例、多阶段分层整群抽样方法进行现况调查及病例对照研究,根据年龄分别使用丹佛发育筛查测验及《7岁以上人群残疾筛查问卷》筛查,分别使用Gesell发育诊断量表及韦氏儿童智力量表简式(WISC-CR),韦氏成人智力量表简式(WAIS-RC)进行智力诊断,采用SPSS11.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果:①内蒙古自治区智力残疾患者的现患率为4.95‰,男性MR现患率高于女性(χ2=6.28,df=1,P<0.05),农村MR的现患率明显高于城市(χ2=60.035,df=1,P<0.01)。②内蒙古自治区智力残疾致残原因以疾病(29.26%)和遗传因素(23.79%)为主。③在18岁之前(智力发育期)发现智力残疾的占74.53%,且以0~3岁发现智力残疾的人数比例最高(48.84%)。结论:智力残疾的防治重点应在农村,预防应以疾病(主要包括脑疾病、内分泌障碍、惊厥性疾病)及遗传因素为主。强调早期发现、早期干预。     

Investigation of training needs for functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)

The use of simulators for training FESS may in the future offer substantial advantages like increased exposure to difficult scenarios, reduced learning curves, and reduced costs. Training simulators may range from very simple, involving only visual simulation, to more complex, involving haptic simulation or force feedback. To effectively employ these training means, insight is needed into the training needs for FESS procedure. A study was carried out to investigate which subtasks of FESS are hardest to perform and have the longest learning curve. A questionnaire was distributed among two groups of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) surgeons participating in a basic, as well as in an advanced sinus surgery course. Results showed that tasks related to spatial orientation are judged as hardest, whereas manual tasks are considered less difficult. These results suggest that simulators will not necessarily need haptic feedback to train the most important knowledge and skills needed for FESS.     

Therapeutic options for Huntington's disease

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant, progressive neurodegenerative disorder. The genetic defect lies in the expansion of a CAG repeat on chromosome 4 and neuropathologically it is characterized by neuronal loss in the striatum. Clinical signs are chorea, impaired voluntary movement, behavioral changes and dementia. Present therapies are limited to these symptoms without any influence on the course of the disease, whereas current pharmacological developments mainly focus on delaying disease progression. This review discusses the present symptomatic treatments and focuses on recent developments of new therapeutic approaches for HD.     

5/6肾切除大鼠早期模型中p38MAPK的动态变化

目的：研究5/6肾切除大鼠模型中p38MAPK磷酸化的动态表达情况。方法：82只雄性SD大鼠分为两组：5/6肾切除模型组72只,假手术对照组10只。模型组造模完成后,分别于肾切除早期（术后1/2h、1h、3h、6h、12h、1d、2d、4d）相应时间点处死,每组9只,假手术组于术后12h处死,称量各组体重及残余肾重,计算肥大指数;下腔静脉取血留取血清测定血肌酐（Scr）、尿素氮（BUN）;以Western blotting免疫印迹法检测肾皮质磷酸化p38MAPK活性的表达情况;以病理光镜和电镜观察肾小球、肾小管及肾间质组织形态学及超微结构的变化。结果：模型组与对照组相比,肾脏呈代偿性肥大,肥大指数增高（P〈0.05）,Scr和BUN升高（P均〈0.01）。免疫印迹法显示5/6肾切除术后1/2h、1h、3h、6h、12h磷酸化p38信号呈递增趋势,尤以12h信号最强,之后信号减弱,2d时几乎不可见,4d有较弱的信号,假手术组未见明显信号。光镜下,发现肾小球有轻度系膜细胞增生,基质增宽不明显,肾小管偶有轻度变性,间质偶有炎性细胞浸润。电镜下,偶见足突局灶融合。结论：5/6肾切除大鼠在造模完成后12h时磷酸化p38MAPK表达最强。