心血管危险因子与广西汉族迟发性阿尔茨海默病之间的相关性研究

目的　研究心血管危险因子载脂蛋白 E( Apo E)、载脂蛋白 C- ( Apo C- )以及低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白 ( LRP)与汉族迟发性阿尔茨海默病 ( LOAD)之间的相关性。方法　应用 PCR-RFLP技术或直接通过 PCR方法 ,分析了 1 5 6例正常老年人、79例 LOAD Apo E、Apo C- 与 LRP基因型。结果　在 LOAD患者组和正常对照组中 ,Apo Eε4等位基因出现的频率分别为 1 7.7%、5 .7% ,其间差异有显著性 ( x2 =1 5 .75 0 ;P=0 .0 0 1 ,OR=3 .3 96,95 % CI =1 .80 8～ 6.3 79) ;Apo Eε3等位基因频率分别为 76.0 %、84% ,前者低于后者 ( x2 =4.43 9;P=0 .0 3 5 ,OR=1 .65 9,95 % CI =1 .0 3 3～ 2 .665 ) ;LRP、Apo C- 基因的基因型频率和等位基因频率在 LOAD与对照组之间差异无显著性 ( P >0 .0 5 )。结论　 Apo Eε4等位基因是 LOAD的遗传危险因子 ,Apo Eε3等位基因则可能有保护效应 ;此研究未能证明 Apo C- 基因变异和 LRP基因 C766T多态性与 LOAD有相关关系     

胰、胆疾病患者血清GLS含量测定

目的　研究胰、胆疾病患者血清GLS含量及其临床意义。方法　测定胰、胆癌症与非癌患者GLS含量 ,然后分组统计分析。结果　胰癌组GLS(973± 32 2mg/L)显著高于胰脏非癌组 (5 75± 2 18)和糖尿病组 (5 37± 87) ;胆道癌组GLS(90 8± 2 73)显著高于胆道非癌组 (5 2 1± 10 9)。该五组GLS阳性率 (>6 6 0mg/L)依次为 93.8%、2 6 .7%、4 .1%、85 .7%、9.3% ;胰、胆癌症组均显著高于非癌疾病组。结论　胰、胆癌症患者血清GLS显著增加 ;测定GLS对癌症诊断具有显著临床意义     

Marijuana smoking, pulmonary function, and lung macrophage oxidant release.

Pulmonary alveolar macrophages lavaged from tobacco smokers release increased levels of oxidants and have been implicated in the pathophysiology of emphysema. It is unknown whether lung macrophages recovered from marijuana smokers also liberate excessive levels of oxidants. To evaluate this possibility, pulmonary alveolar macrophages were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from nonsmokers, smokers of marijuana only, smokers of tobacco only, and smokers of tobacco plus marijuana. Spontaneous and stimulated superoxide anion release was measured by the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c. These findings were correlated with recent lung function tests. Superoxide anion production by macrophages, studies of small airway integrity (closing volume, closing capacity, and the slope of Phase III of the single-breath nitrogen washout curve), and evaluation of alveolar gas exchange (diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide) were similar in both nonsmokers and marijuana smokers. However, tobacco smoking was associated with both significantly higher levels of superoxide anion release by pulmonary alveolar macrophages and significant abnormalities of small airway function and alveolar diffusing capacity. Based on the results of this study, pulmonary alveolar macrophages of marijuana-only smokers do not produce increased amounts of oxidants when compared to macrophages of non-smoking subjects. This observation may account for the absence of abnormalities in small airway function and alveolar diffusing capacity in marijuana-only smokers, in contrast to the presence of such findings in smokers of tobacco, regardless of marijuana use.     

血管紧张素系统基因多态性和原发性肾病综合征的关系研究进展

肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)是人体内调节血压、水电解质平衡的重要系统之一,在肾脏疾病的发生和发展中占重要地位.近年来随着分子生物学等研究手段的成熟和深入,一些研究结果显示:RAS基因多态性与肾病综合征的易患性、激素疗效、疾病复发、病理进展及预后有明显相关性.探讨它们之间关系已成为肾脏病领域中新的研究热点.该文将对近年来涉及到RAS基因中三个主要基因:血管紧张素原、血管紧张素转换酶、血管紧张素Ⅱ受体1基因多态性与肾病综合征的相关性研究进行综述.     

急性脑梗死血压和颅压的控制

脑梗死急性期对血压和颅压的控制极为重要，若措施得当，可大大降低病死率和致残率。笔者结合临床工作经验总结体会如下：脑梗死急性期对血压和颅压的控制极为重要，若措施得当，可大大降低病死率和致残率，笔者结合临床工作经验总结体会如下。     

骨髓间充质干细胞促进骨-肌腱结合部愈合的初步观察

[目的]观察骨髓间充质干细胞对骨-肌腱结合部愈合的影响.[方法]采用骨髓穿刺、全骨髓培养法获取兔骨髓间充质干细胞.36只18周龄新西兰大白兔随机分为2组,实验组将骨髓间充质干细胞与Pluronic F-127载体材料结合后,植入兔髌骨部分切除模型,对照组只进行手术,不植入细胞.在术后6、12、18周进行X线片、大体和组织学观察评估.[结果]X线片显示术后6、12、18周实验组骨-肌腱结合部新生骨面积显著大于对照组（P＜0.01）.大体观察可见实验组骨-腱结合部愈合较早.HE染色显示实验组术后6周有大量的纤维母细胞和类软骨细胞增生,并可见新骨形成;12周,髌腱与松质骨接触面软骨细胞移行带形成;18周,纤维软骨移行带排列更有序.Safranin 0染色显示实验组术后6周,基质染色较深,部分骨-腱结合处可见相对浓染区;12周,基质染色范围明显减少,沿类软骨细胞走行分布;18周,类软骨细胞集中的区域染色较12周有所减退.组织学检查显示实验组术后6、12、18周骨-腱结合部组织愈合明显,较对照组迅速.[结论]骨髓间充质干细胞可以促进骨-肌腱结合部细胞增生,促进其早期愈合.     

004Topical Zinc Oxide for Open Pilonidal Wounds

Extended healing time and lack of documented effective treatments of sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease create substantial problems. Locally applied zinc oxide has been reported to promote wound healing. We have compared topical zinc oxide (3%) with placebo meshes for pilonidal wounds healing by secondary intention in a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled multicenter trial. Sixty‐four consecutive patients, 53 males, aged between 18 and 60 years (median 26 years) with excised pilonidal wounds were centrally randomized to local zinc oxide (30 mg/g, n = 33) or to placebo (n = 31) mesh treatment. Patients were followed with strict recording of beneficial and harmful effects. The median healing times were 54 days (42–71 days, interquartile range, n = 33) for the zinc group and 62 days (55–82 days, n = 31) for the placebo group. This difference was not statistically different (p = 0.32). Based on Cox regression analysis initial wound volume influenced healing negatively (p = 0.016) while smoking (p = 0.011) was associated with faster wound healing. Significantly (p < 0.01) more placebo (n = 12) than zinc oxide‐treated patients (n = 3) needed antibiotics postoperatively. Although topical zinc oxide increased (p < 0.001) wound fluid zinc levels (1830 ± 405 μM, mean ± SEM) compared with placebo (3.1 ± 1.6 μM) serum‐zinc levels did not differ significantly between the zinc (13.5 ± 0.4 μM) and placebo (12.8 ± 0.4 μm) groups on postoperative day 7. No adverse events were recorded. Topical zinc oxide treatment did not accelerate time to closure of open pilonidal wounds but was associated with reduced antibiotic usage.     

CA510全自动血凝仪的使用与维护

本文论述了CA510全自动血凝仪的日常使用注意事项及一些常见错误报警的分析处理方法.     

前列通瘀提取液对前列腺平滑肌细胞增殖与凋亡的作用

目的:研究前列通瘀提取液对体外培养前列腺基质平滑肌细胞增殖与凋亡的作用。方法:分别以1、2、10、50、100×10-5g/L 5种不同浓度前列通瘀提取液作用体外培养前列腺基质平滑肌细胞,采用MTT和TUNEL法分别测定抗增殖指数和凋亡指数。结果:5种不同浓度前列通瘀提取液作用48 h后抗增殖指数分别为50.61%、53.52%、56.92%、65.53%、72.94%,抗增殖效果随着浓度增大而增大。100×10-5g/L前列通瘀提取液作用24、48、72 h后凋亡指数与对照组比较差异无显著性。结论:(1~100)×10-5g/L前列通瘀提取液体外作用前列腺基质平滑肌细胞具有显著的抗增殖作用。     

宫颈癌放疗后家庭阴道冲洗效果观察

目的:为寻找一种院外阴道冲洗的有效方法,从而帮助一些由于各种原因不能来医院行阴道冲洗术的患者继续完成治疗。方法:对204例宫颈癌放疗结束后的患者随机分实验组与对照组,实验组实施家庭阴道冲洗,对照组未行阴道冲洗,通过放疗结束后1个月、3个月、6个月门诊随访,观察阴道粘膜急性放射反应治疗后消退情况,对家庭阴道冲洗患者和未行阴道冲洗者进行对照研究。结果:行家庭阴道冲洗者在阴道粘膜急性放射反应方面与未冲洗者差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:家庭阴道冲洗是对因各种原因出院后不能来医院行阴道冲洗的患者可以采取的一种行之有效的方法。