Adverse reactions to Zn1-24 ACTH therapy associated with specific cellular immunity.

Lymphocyte transformation to 1-24ACTH, as assessed by the incorporation of tritiated thymidine, has been demonstrated to be associated with severe adverse reactions occurring in patients receiving a Zn-linked 1-24ACTH preparation (Tetra cosactrin depot, 'Synacthen'). Antibodies measured with an isotope-binding assay occurred commonly in all patients receiving therapy and did not correlate with adverse reactions. Lymphocyte transformation with the 1-24ACTH polypeptide, a part of the naturally occurring ACTH molecule, has not been previously recorded. The significance of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity to this polypeptide hormone is discussed.     

Assessment of the epidemic potential of a new strain of rotavirus associated with the novel G9 serotype which caused an outbreak in the United States for the first time in the 1995-1996 season

Rotavirus causes severe morbidity in developed countries and frequent deaths (> or = 500,000 per year) in less-developed countries. Historically, four serotypes--G1, G2, G3, and G4-have predominated; they are distinguished by one of two surface neutralization antigens (VP7). However, in 1983 and 1984 we described a new rotavirus serotype, designated G9, in five children hospitalized for diarrhea in Philadelphia, Pa. G9 rotavirus was not identified again in the Western Hemisphere until it caused ca. 50% of the rotavirus disease detected in Philadelphia in the 1995-1996 season. This outbreak allowed us to question whether a rotavirus strain completely new to a well-studied community would target either very young infants or older children, cause especially severe disease, or completely displace previously extant serotypes. We observed a significant excess of G9 infections in younger infants (especially in those < 6 months old) that might be attributed to the lack of G9-specific antibodies in mothers. Of further note, six of the seven oldest patients with rotavirus diarrhea were infected with the G9 strains (not significant). However, the age distribution of children with rotavirus did not differ over a 5-year study period regardless of the infecting serotype. Patients with diarrhea associated with G9 strains did not have disease more severe than that caused by the G1, G2, or G3 serotype. G9 strains did not displace the other serotypes but were virtually completely replaced by G1 or G2 serotypes in the three subsequent rotavirus seasons. We conclude that the abrupt appearance of this novel rotavirus serotype did not present a special threat to public health in the community.     

氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白可诱导人单核细胞源树突状细胞形成泡沫细胞

目的： 探讨氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白（ox-LDL）对人单核细胞源树突状细胞（DC）功能的影响。 方法： 采用免疫磁珠法分离人外周血CD14+单核细胞，经含rhGM-CSF（100 μg/L）和rhIL-4（20 μg/L）的Cellgro培养，使其分化为DC。DC与100 mg/L天然的或氧化修饰的LDL孵育72 h后，采用透射电镜和尼罗红染色观察细胞内脂质沉积，流式细胞术检测DC表型（CD1a，CD40，CD86，HLA-DR），混合T淋巴细胞反应检测DC对淋巴细胞增殖的影响，FITC-dextran检测DC吞噬功能，ELISA检测细胞培养上清Th1/Th2 (IL-12/IL-2)细胞因子的浓度。 结果： ox-LDL可诱导DC形成泡沫细胞，而天然的LDL无此作用。经ox-LDL处理的DC吞噬作用明显弱于天然的LDL，而对T细胞增殖作用却明显强于天然的LDL；可明显上调CD80(72.4±9.6 vs 89.5±10.1, P<0.01), CD86(67.2±8.8 vs 80.2±11.6, P＜0.01), HLA-DR(80.6±9.8 vs 86.6±10.8, P<0.01) 和CD1a(40.2±10.3 vs 60.2±9.3, P<0.01)的表达，明显促进DC细胞因子IL-12［(44.3±8.9)ng/L vs (65.1±10.4)ng/L, P<0.05］的分泌，但却降低IL-2［(43.6±7.8）ng/L vs （10.0±4.5）ng/L, P<0.01］。 结论： DC可通过摄取ox-LDL形成泡沫细胞，而后者与成熟DC的功能相似，说明DC可能是泡沫细胞新的来源，在动脉粥样硬化免疫病理发生中具有重要的作用。     

人核迁移蛋C刺激人造血干细胞增殖分化为巨核细胞研究

目的:研究人核迁移蛋C(hNUDC)促进人脐血来源的CD34 细胞增殖、分化为巨核细胞的作用.方法:使用Dynal CD34体外分离系统收集人脐血CD34 细胞, 无血清甲基纤维素半固体法体外培养CD34 细胞12 d后, 显微镜下观察hNUDC对CD34 细胞分化增殖为小、中、大巨核细胞集落的形态、数目的影响;无血清液体培养体系培养CD34 细胞10 d后, 流式细胞术检测hNUDC对CD34 细胞分化增殖为CD41 细胞的表达率及其DNA倍性的影响.结果:hNUDC能够明显促进CD34 细胞分化增殖形成中小型CFU-MK集落, 可显著增加巨核细胞表面标志物CD41 的表达, CD41 细胞中DNA倍性显著地高于血小板生成素.结论:hNUDC对促进造血干细胞增殖和分化为巨核细胞具有重要作用.     

血管树突状细胞在人主动脉粥样硬化早期病变中的分布

目的：探讨血管树突状细胞在人早期动脉粥样硬化(AS)病变中的分布模式。方法：人主动脉标本15例主要取自尸检和外科手术，常规连续切片，分别行HE及S100／CD1a免疫细胞化学染色，光镜下观察S100／CD1a阳性细胞分布情况。结果：15例HE染色标本中，2例正常，13例人动脉血管可见内膜的增厚及泡沫细胞等AS早期病理表现。9例S100／CD1a染色阳性，阳性率为69．2％。S100／CD1a阳性细胞分布在病变的内膜和外膜，外膜的S100／CD1a阳性细胞主要分布在滋养血管的周围。结论：在AS早期病变部位有血管树突状细胞的聚集，主要分布在病变血管的内膜和外膜，提示血管树突状细胞可能参与了AS早期的免疫反应。     

氨基胍对去卵巢大鼠主动脉晚期糖化终末产物及血脂的影响

将 6月龄雌性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组 (sham)、去卵巢组 (OVX)和去卵巢 +氨基胍组 (OVX +AG)。去除双侧卵巢 2周后用氨基胍治疗 13周。禁食 2 4h ,放血处死动物 ,取血和主动脉 ,分别测定主动脉AGEs、血脂和血清过氧化物含量。结果表明 ,与假手术组比较 ,去卵巢组主动脉AGEs、甘油三脂 (TG)、氧化低密度脂蛋白 (OX LDL)、丙二醛 (MDA)均明显升高 (分别为P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 5和P <0 0 1) ;高密度脂蛋白 胆固醇 (HDL C)、载脂蛋白AⅠ (apo AⅠ )和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性均显著降低 (均P <0 0 1)。氨基胍组与病理组比较 ,主动脉AGEs、血清TG、MDA和OX LDL均明显降低 (分别为P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5、P <0 0 5和P <0 0 1) ;HDL C、apo AⅠ和SOD活性均显著升高 (均P <0 0 1)。提示氨基胍通过降低去卵巢大鼠主动脉AGEs含量 ,降低大鼠血清OX LDL和TG水平 ,升高HDL C、apo AⅠ水平和SOD活性 ,发挥其对心血管的保护作用     

混合遗传算法在医学图像配准中的应用

针对遗传算法和梯度算法各自的优点和缺陷,提出了遗传算法和梯度算法相结合的松散耦合和紧密耦合两种混合遗传算法,并利用基于排挤的小生境技术对其性能进行了改进,使其在搜索能力和收敛速度上都有了较大提高。利用此算法成功实现了以互信息为相似性测度的医学图像配准。计算实例结果表明,本算法能够有效克服局部极值的影响,具备较强的抗噪能力,是一个精度高、稳定性好的医学图像配准算法。     

Comparison of the hybrid capture tube test and PCR for detection of human papillomavirus DNA in cervical specimens.

The strong association of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer makes it important to study HPV detection methods that may play a role in cervical cancer screening. We compared two DNA methods that are commonly used for HPV research in the United States: the MY09/MY11 L1 consensus primer PCR-based test and the first-generation Hybrid Capture tube method (HCT). Laboratory assays by each method were performed with 596 cervicovaginal specimens collected from participants in a large cohort study conducted in Portland, Oreg. Included were 499 specimens from women whose cytology was normal and 97 specimens from women with squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs). The overall HPV DNA positivity for known types was 22.5% by PCR compared to 13.6% by HCT. When the analysis was restricted to the 14 HPV types detectable by both methods, the sensitivity of HCT, with PCR used as the standard for HPV status, was higher for specimens from women with concurrent SILs (81.0%) than for specimens from women with normal cytology (46.7%). Among specimens testing positive by both methods, 97.2% of the time the two methods agreed on whether specimens were positive for cancer-associated HPV types. Both of these HPV test methods provide information that supplements the information provided by the Pap smear. The PCR method has higher analytic sensitivity than HCT in detecting HPV, but HCT may be helpful in identifying women with concurrent SILs.     

17βE2对切除卵巢兔动脉粥样硬化与血液流变学的作用

目的: 探讨17βE₂对卵巢切除(OVX)兔的AS斑块、血脂代谢及血液流变学的影响。方法: 34只成熟未孕雌兔分为4组:A为NC;B为Sham+CHO;C为OVX+CHO;D为OVX+CHO+17βE₂。喂养12周,喂养前与12周后测定血脂TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、ApoA1、ApoB;测定全血粘度、血浆粘度、AIRC及纤维蛋白原。喂养12周后处死,测定AS斑块面积与主动脉总面积百分比。结果: ①AS斑块面积与主动脉总面积之比,A、B、C、D组分别为0.02±0.00、0.42±0.15、0.67±0.23、0.12±0.11,B组小于C组(P＜0.05)、D组明显小于C组(P＜0.01)。②血脂TC、TG、LDL-C、ApoB,B、D组明显小于C组(P＜0.01)。③血液流变学:全血粘度、血浆粘度AIRC与纤维蛋白原D组明显低于C组(P＜0.01)。结论: 17βE₂能抑制脂质斑块沉积,改善血脂代谢,减轻高脂血症,改善血液流变学。这可能是雌激素抑制AS形成的部份机理。     

单肺移植手术前后的供体肺保护

目的 探讨肺移植手术前后供体肺保护的处理经验.方法 回顾性分析了2003年1月至2006年8月本院施行的同种异体单肺移植手术9例,其中左侧3例,右侧6例.冷低钾肺保护液灌注移植肺,术后三联免疫抑制剂抗排斥,并分析术后的胸片评分、氧合指数及肺动脉压变化情况.结果 供体肺缺血时间平均为(308.6±50.8)min.8例患者均成功脱离呼吸机并存活过围手术期(＞30 d),术后拔除气管插管时间平均(4.8±3.4)d,1例未能脱机并在术后22 d死亡.结论 肺保护需要在多个环节中加以控制,不同时期的保护侧重点不同.