兔膝关节腔注射^32P-磷酸铬胶体后外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变率的变化

目的观察32P-磷酸铬胶体注入兔类风湿关节炎模型膝关节腔后对外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变率的影响。方法9只新西兰兔随机分成3组,A组3只为正常对照;B组3只为模型对照;C组3只诱导成模型1周后,右膝关节腔内各注射32P-胶体磷酸铬44.4MBq。3组均在C组核素注射后2个月时经耳缘静脉采血,其中C组另在核素注射前、注射后3d时采血。经培养后比较各组分裂中期淋巴细胞染色体畸变率的变化。结果A、B、C3组外周血淋巴细胞染色体观察均未见双着丝粒,无着丝粒断片率3组无明显差异(P>0.05)。C组各时间点外周血淋巴细胞染色体观察也未发现双着丝粒,无着丝粒断片率也无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论关节腔注射实验剂量的32P-磷酸铬胶体,兔外周血淋巴细胞畸变率的波动在正常范围内,说明放射性滑膜切除术是一种安全的治疗方法。     

Diagnosis of fetal parvovirus B19 infection: value of virological assays in fetal specimens

Objective  The purpose of our work was to examine the most reliable laboratory diagnosis of fetal parvovirus B19 infection in hydropic fetuses by evaluating the most appropriate clinical sample and laboratory test.
Design  B19 DNA detection in fetal samples and serological signs of B19 infection in the respective mothers. Samples collected between January 2000 and July 2008.
Setting  Microbiology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Samples One hundred thirty-five fetal samples (58 fetal cord blood and 77 amniotic fluid samples) and 109 serum samples collected from 109 pregnant women.
Methods  Validated and certified in situ hybridisation assay (ISH) and polymerase chain reaction–enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PCR-ELISA) were performed on fetal samples to detect B19 DNA. B19-specific antibodies were investigated in maternal serum samples by a commercial enzyme immunoassay.
Main outcome measures  Parvovirus B19 DNA detection in fetal specimens was analysed in relation to maternal serological signs of infection.
Results  Parvovirus B19 DNA was detected in 22.41% of fetal cord blood and 36.36% of amniotic fluid samples. A statistically significant difference was found between DNA detection by ISH (23.70%) and PCR-ELISA (14.81%) ( P = 0.004). Only 11.76% of fetuses with virological diagnosis of B19 infection were from women with serological signs of acute/recent B19 infection.
Conclusions  Diagnosis of fetal parvovirus B19 infection cannot always rely on maternal serological investigations but rather on the virological analysis of fetal samples. Both fetal cord blood and amniotic fluid samples are suitable for diagnosis, but the detection of B19 DNA in the cells of amniotic fluid samples by ISH proved to be the most reliable diagnostic system.     

中耳炎

中耳炎是儿童的高发病.中耳炎的病因病理是多因素的,包含免疫反应、咽鼓管功能障碍、细菌和病毒的感染、遗传以及环境因素等.早期的观察适用于大多数中耳炎儿童;对于被确诊为急性中耳炎的两岁以内的患儿,建议使用抗生素.手术方法的选择取决于合并症、儿童的生长发育状况以及对自发性渗出液的预期估计.推荐的手术方法有鼓室置管术、腺样体刮除术等.然而,到目前还没有理想的治疗方法,需要探索新的、基于现代中耳炎的病因病理理论的有创意性的治疗方法.     

丹参酮治疗高血压肾病的临床研究

目的:探讨丹参酮对高血压肾病的治疗作用。方法:选择符合高血压肾病入选标准的慢性肾病(CKD)Ⅰ~Ⅲ期患者60例,基础治疗全部用氯沙坦,随机分为丹参酮组、基础治疗对照组,治疗用药2周,检测并比较各组血压、肾功能、24 h尿蛋白定量、尿N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)等的变化。结果:2组治疗前、后血压变化无明显差异;丹参酮组治疗2周时血肌酐(SCr)水平较基线下降[(162.2±10.1)μmol/L比(134.0±7.1)μmol/L],与对照组治疗2周时[(151.8±8.3)μmol/L]比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但治疗后组间比较无明显差异。与基线相比,丹参酮组尿NAG下降有明显差异,氯沙坦组无明显下降趋势。结论:在氯沙坦降低蛋白尿的基础上,丹参酮还具有保护肾小管功能及延缓肾功能进展的作用,且安全性好,是高血压肾病治疗的可选药物之一。     

The quality of preventive health care delivered to adults: results from a cross-sectional study in Southern Italy

Background  

It is assumed that providing clinical preventive services to patients can identify or detect early important causes of adult mortality. The aim of this study was to quantify access to preventive services in Southern Italy and to assess whether and how the provision of preventive care was influenced by any specific characteristics of patients.