Susceptibility of Acanthamoeba to multipurpose lens-cleaning solutions

The present study investigated the susceptibility of Acanthamoeba spp. trophozoites to two multipurpose systems for cleaning and maintenance of contact lenses. Three strains of trophozoites from the ATCC (A. castellani T4, A. castellani Neff, and A. polyphaga) and two Acanthamoeba isolates obtained from swimming pools (PT5 and PO1) were placed in monoxenic culture. To test their survival in cleaning solutions for contact lenses, the trophozoites were exposed for 4 and 24 h to two multipurpose solutions (A and B), and were then inoculated into a new monoxenic culture. Amoebic growth on the plates was observed after 72 h of incubation. Trophozoites from all three ATCC strains and one isolate from a swimming pool (PO1) grew in all plates after 4 h of exposure to solutions A and B. After 24 h, the ATCC strains and the PO1 isolate showed growth in most of the plates treated. Only the PT5 isolate showed susceptibility to both solutions over the time intervals tested. The two solutions were not completely effective against most strains and isolates over the time intervals tested. These results are important, since species of Acanthamoeba are widely distributed in the environment and are potential agents of eye pathologies.     

Free gingival graft and acellular dermal matrix for gingival augmentation: a 15-year clinical study

This study evaluated clinical outcomes of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) allograft compared with autogenous free gingival graft (FGG) for gingival augmentat     

Renal involvement in patients with hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis mansoni.

In a prospective study of renal involvement in 100 consecutively hospitalized patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni, 15 exhibited persistent proteinuria of varying degree, which in 6 instances was accompanied by hypertension. Nine patients had the nephrotic syndrome. The most common glomerular lesion in this group was membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis. Surgical biospy obtained during splenectomy in 15 patients without clinical evidence of renal involvement showed glomerular lesions in 6 instances. Focal proliferative glomerulonephritis was the most common lesion in this group. The detection of silent glomerular lesions in patients with Schistosoma mansoni infection suggests that the glomerular alterations may precede clinical manifestations of renal disease.     

Delayed-type Necrosis after Soft-tissue Augmentation with Hyaluronic Acid

The growing use of dermal fillers, specifically the use of hyaluronic acid, can be explained by their effectiveness and versatility as well as their favorable safety profiles. Nevertheless, early and late complications with varying levels of severity may occur. The incidence of complications is low and the majority of adverse events are mild (edema, erythema, and local ecchymosis) and of limited duration. However, more severe events, such as ischemia and necrosis, may occur. The symptoms of ischemia can occur immediately after the injection or several hours after the procedure. Here, the authors report three cases of necrosis after hyaluronic acid injection with the first symptoms presenting only several hours after the procedure. The patients were treated immediately after the diagnosis. The aim of this review is to communicate the possibility of the delayed-type presentation of necrosis, present the signs and symptoms that lead to early diagnosis, and review the treatment possibilities of this severe complication.Dermal fillers have been injected with increasing frequency over the past three decades for soft-tissue augmentation by volume expansion in the management of the aging face. In 2012, there were about two million procedures using dermal fillers, according to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, five percent more than in 2011 and 205 percent more than in 2000, second only to botulinum toxin type A. These minimally invasive and nonsurgical cosmetic procedures were the two most commonly performed in this range of time studied.1,2The growing use of dermal fillers, specifically the use of hyaluronic acid (HA), can be explained by their effectiveness and versatility as well as their favorable safety profiles. Nevertheless, early and late complications with varying levels of severity may occur. The incidence of complications is low and the majority of adverse events are mild (edema, erythema, and local ecchymosis) and of limited duration. However, more severe events, such as ischemia and necrosis, may occur.Injection necrosis is a rare, but important, complication associated with dermal fillers. Necrosis can be attributed to one of two factors—an interruption of vascular supply due to compression or frank obstruction of vessels by direct injection of the material into a vessel itself. The glabella is the injection site commonly believed to be at greater risk for necrosis, but it can also occur at the nasolabial fold.3 Risk factors for intravascular injection include site of application (deep injection of filler products at or near the site of named vessels), volume applied (larger amounts of product can cause a proportionally greater degree of arterial obstruction), and previous scarring (deep tissue scars may stabilize and fix arteries in place, making them easier to penetrate with small sharp needles).4The initial presentation of vascular events may include pain and discomfort disproportionate to what is typically experienced following filler treatments and clinical findings, including blanching, livedo pattern, or violaceous discoloration.4 Although many cases report this immediate post-injection presentation as the typical background seen in a necrosis event, there are few reports with the first symptom presenting only hours after augmentation. See Figures 1 through ​through3,3, where the authors present three cases of vascular compromise after soft-tissue augmentation with delayed-type presentation. Open in a separate windowOpen in a separate windowFigures 2Aand 2B.Case 2: Necrosis and secondary infection 48 hours after the HA injection (a). Discrete scars in the affected area after treatment (b). Open in a separate windowOpen in a separate windowFigures 1Aand 1B.Case 1: Edema, erythema, and progressive violaceous reticulated patch, livedoid area were observed on the left cheek 36 hours after the injection (a). Complete healing five days after hyaluronidase application and nine days after the HA injection (b). Open in a separate windowOpen in a separate windowFigures 3Aand 3B.Case 3: Necrosis and secondary infection 48 hours after the HA injection (a). Erythema, hipercromia, and discreet scars in the affected area after treatment (b).     

Metallothionein immunoexpression in non-syndromic and syndromic keratocystic odontogenic tumour

Background

To compare the metallothionein (MT) immunoexpression in non-syndromic and syndromic keratocystic odontogenic tumour (KOT), to correlate MT with cellular proliferation, and to evaluate the influence of inflammation in MT.

Material and Methods

Fourteen cases of KOT were submitted to immunohistochemistry for MT and Ki-67 analysis. The lesions were grouped according to their grade of inflammation, and statistical analysis was performed.

Results

MT was higher in non-syndromic KOT than in syndromic KOT (p<0.05). No statistical difference in Ki-67 could be identified; however, an inverse correlation was observed between MT and Ki-67 in both lesions. When analysing inflammation, non-syndromic KOT showed no differences in either MT or Ki-67.

Conclusions

The MT immunophenotype of syndromic KOT was different from non-syndromic KOT. MT might not be involved in the proliferation control of both KOT. MT and Ki-67 immunoexpressions proved to be unaffected by inflammation in non-syndromic KOT. Key words: Odontogenic tumours, basal cell nevus syndrome, metallothionein, Ki-67 Antigen, immunohistoche-mistry.