Virus inactivation during production of intravenous immunoglobulin

The effect of pepsin treatment at pH 4 on the infectivity of several enveloped viruses was assessed under the conditions used during the production of intravenous immunoglobulins. It was shown that the prototypes of four virus families–human immunodeficiency virus (Lentivirinae), herpes simplex virus type 1 and human cytomegalovirus (Herpesviridae), Semliki Forest virus (Togaviridae), and vesicular stomatitis virus (Rhabdoviridae)–were inactivated by this procedure. With vesicular stomatitis virus as a model, the contributions of both low pH and pepsin were demonstrated, and pepsin had a synergistic or additive action.     

A case of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis after an anti-G suit failure

This paper reports a case of left hemidiaphragmatic paralysis in an instructor pilot and his later recuperation. This incident was provoked by a failure in the anti-G suit, which remained inflated after the aircraft completed the maneuver that had originated the inflation. The spontaneous recuperation of both the respiratory functional test and the neurophysiological pattern are consistent with a Type II Seddon's axonotmesis of the phrenic nerve. Considering the short time of regeneration (6 months), this lesion must have involved the distal portion of the phrenic nerve.     

Differing mechanisms of clotting inhibition by ionic and nonionic contrast agents

The anticoagulant potency of ioxaglate has been shown to be approximately twice that of iopamidol and iohexol. Those findings were obtained with use of the thrombin time as a test and platelet-poor plasma as a thrombin substrate. The authors confirmed these findings with use of a whole-blood version of the same test. However, the thrombin time measures only the final stages of the clotting process. A measure of the entire intrinsic pathway would more nearly simulate the situation in the angiographic suite. When measured with such an assay, the anticoagulant potency of ioxaglate was equivalent to that of diatrizoate and was approximately four times that of iopamidol and iohexol. Because of this difference in potency, it seemed likely that the ionic agents were inhibiting the clotting cascade at a late stage as well as at an earlier stage. To investigate this possibility, whole blood-contrast agent mixtures were activated, incubated for several minutes, and then diluted with either citrated or heparinized whole blood. There was rapid clot formation when the unclotted iopamidol and iohexol mixtures were diluted with citrated whole blood but not when they were diluted with heparinized whole blood. The ionic mixtures did not clot in the presence of either anticoagulant. Thus, in unclottable mixtures nonionic agents still permitted the generation of procoagulants. These procoagulants are theoretically capable of causing clotting on reinjection.     

天然有机化合物质谱研究——Ⅺ.苯丙型苷快原子轰击质谱MNa+的MIKES谱

研究了六种苯丙型苷与Na⁺加合离子的快原子轰击质谱(FAB—MS)和质量分离离子动能谱(MIKES)。结果表明:在FAB谱中[M+Na]⁺加合离子的丰度要比[M+H]⁺离子高得多。由此可给出糖苷的分子量信息,[M+Na]⁺离子的MIKES谱可给出糖基序列信息。     

Detection of diaphragmatic disruptions by peritoneoscintigraphy using technetium-99M diethylene-triamine pentacetic acid

Intraperitoneal injection of a selected radiopharmaceutical results in the diffusion of radioactive material throughout the peritoneum. A diaphragmatic injury should theoretically result in the diffusion of the radioactive material into the chest. To test this hypothesis, Technetium-99m diethylene-triamine pentacetic acid (Tc-99m DTPA) was administered intraperitoneally by either direct needle injection or catheter into 18 rabbits. Four of the rabbits served as controls and did not have any diaphragmatic injury. Fourteen rabbits had surgically induced diaphragmatic tears of varying size (1/4 to 1 cm) after thoracotomy. Four of the 14 rabbits were dropped from the study because they had inadequate peritoneal injections of the radiopharmaceutical. The remaining ten rabbits showed peritoneoscintigraphic evidence of diaphragmatic injury either by showing passage of the radiotracer into the chest, demonstrating the site of injury as a focal region of increased radiotracer uptake, or showing both of these features. Peritoneoscintigraphy appears to be a potentially useful modality in the detection of diaphragmatic injury.     

Effect of ethanol in preovulatory periods on brain monoamine levels

The effects of two doses of ethanol (2 and 4 g/kg, i.p.) on the concentration of catecholamines (noradrenaline and dopamine), serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in various regions of the rat brain were studied. The ethanol administration of both doses induces a significant decrease in the levels of hypothalamic noradrenaline. Similarly, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels in the same region and hemispheres are increased. The high dose produces an elevation in the concentration of midbrain dopamine. It was concluded that the hypothalamus is the brain region most sensitive to the action of ethanol and the effect of this substance differs according to the brain area.     

Puerperal ovarian vein thrombosis: evaluation with CT, US, and MR imaging

Five women suspected of having puerperal ovarian vein thrombosis (POVT) were examined with either computed tomography (CT) (five patients), ultrasonography (US) (three patients), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (one patient), or a combination of these modalities. CT findings included tubular retroperitoneal mass (five patients), periuterine mass (four patients), enlarged uterus (four patients), fluid in the uterus (five patients), central ovarian vein thrombus (four patients), inferior vena cava thrombus (one patient), right hydroureter (one patient), and right ureteral compression (one patient). US findings were similar to CT findings except for an inability to demonstrate the right hydroureter and ureteral compression. MR imaging demonstrated the retroperitoneal mass and central ovarian vein thrombus. CT proved to be superior for the initial evaluation and subsequent diagnosis of POVT. US was useful for follow-up examinations, and MR imaging results confirmed a case of POVT that was suspected following CT.     

转化生长因子β_1ACTH对蛋白多糖合成的调节作用

利用离子交换色谱,凝胶过滤,可把基础培养下的牛肾上腺皮质束状带,网状带细胞合成的硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白多糖分成230,8.3,330kDa3种分子.ACTH,TGF_(B1)对这种蛋白多糖的合成均有强大兴奋作用,但TGF_(B1)选择性增加大分子蛋白多糖的合成.ACTH则重在刺激小分子株的合成。