PFT-α对结肠上皮细胞凋亡和周期的影响及机制探讨

目的探讨p53抑制剂（p-fifty three inhibitor—alpha，PFT-α）对结肠上皮细胞凋亡、周期的影响及机制。研究PFT-α对热化疗损伤结肠上皮细胞的影响。方法顺铂联合温热处理原代培养结肠七皮细胞30min，对比加入不同浓度PFT-α后，Annexin V—FITC／PI染色，流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡。PI染色检测细胞周期。Western blot检测结肠上皮细胞Cyclin B1和Cdc2（Tyr15）表达。结果不同浓度PFT-α作用于热化疗处理的结肠上皮细胞后，细胞凋亡率下降且呈剂量依赖性。流式细胞仪细胞周期分析显示在运用PFT-α后，结肠上皮细胞的G2／M延长，CyclinB1和Cde2（Tyr15）蛋白表达随PFT—α的剂量升高而逐渐增强。结论PFT-α可能通过促进CyclinB1蛋白表达，Cde2（Tyr15）磷酸化水平升高，降低CyclinB1／Cde2活性，细胞停滞于G2／M期，减轻热化疗对结肠上皮细胞的损伤。     

癌胚抗原DNA疫苗对大肠癌特异性细胞免疫的激活效果

目的检测以质粒pIRES为载体构建的带有全序列癌胚抗原(CEA)基因的核苷酸疫苗对机体特异性抗肿瘤免疫反应的激活效果。方法将CEA基因片段连接于真核表达质粒pIRES中,用肌肉注射方法接种核酸疫苗;检测CEA在小鼠肌肉组织中的表达情况及其对小鼠脾细胞CEA特异性细胞免疫反应的激活效果。结果小鼠经肌肉注射质粒后,免疫组化证实该核酸疫苗可在体内有效表达CEA;分子免疫检测显示注射后小鼠特异性淋巴细胞增值反应明显并且伴有自然杀伤细胞NK活性显著增高。结论实验所构建的核酸疫苗pIRESCEA可在体外及小鼠体内高效表达并表现出良好的细胞免疫原性。     

输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石失败原因探讨(附36例报告)

目的:探讨输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石(URSL)治疗输尿管结石失败原因及防治措施.方法:回顾分析36例气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石手术失败的临床资料.结果:17例手术中结石移位进入肾盂,无法碎石;8例因输尿管走行迂曲或输尿管狭窄置镜未成功;5例因局部出血或引流不畅导致视野不清终止手术;6例因输尿管穿孔而改开放手术.结论:结石移位、输尿管走行迂曲或狭窄、术中视野不清、输尿管穿孔是手术失败的主要原因.合理选择病例,保持液适当的灌注速度和压力,保持视野的清晰和在直视下推进输尿管镜是手术成功的关键.     

Bone disease in primary biliary cirrhosis: Lack of association with distal renal tubular acidosis

Background and Aims: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) might be complicated by osteoporosis, whose etiology remains unknown but seems to be multifactorial. Prevalence rates of 30% to 60% for distal renal tubular acidosis (DRTA) have been reported in PBC patients, generally as incomplete DRTA. Although it is undisputed that a reduced bone mineral density (BMD) is the expected outcome among patients who have been suffering from longstanding chronic metabolic acidosis, it is unclear if incomplete DRTA is also associated with metabolic bone disease in PBC patients. The present study was undertaken to compare the BMD of PBC patients with and without DRTA.
Methods: The BMD of 23 PBC patients (11 with DRTA and 12 without), all with normal clearance of creatinine, was assessed by dual energy radiograph absorptiometry. The diagnosis of DRTA was made if the urine pH was above 5.4 in all samples after the oral acid overload, showing tubular inability to acidify urine in the presence of test-induced systemic metabolic acidosis.
Results: Densitometric signs of osteoporosis were found in 82% of DRTA cases and in 83% of patients without DRTA (difference not significant). There were no significant differences in BMD measurement, T and Z scores of patients with and without DRTA.
Conclusions: The present study could not support a correlation between the presence of DRTA and the bone loss observed in PBC patients.