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101.
Eunyoung Bang Annette S. Fincher Sophie Nader David A. Murchison William H. Griffith 《The Journal of neuroscience》2022,42(6):1020
Aging is often associated with cognitive decline and recurrent cellular and molecular impairments. While life-long caloric restriction (CR) may delay age-related cognitive deterioration as well as the onset of neurologic disease, recent studies suggest that late-onset, short-term intermittent fasting (IF), may show comparable beneficial effects as those of life-long CR to improve brain health. We used a new optogenetic aging model to study the effects of late-onset (>18 months), short-term (four to six weeks) IF on age-related changes in GABAergic synaptic transmission, intracellular calcium (Ca2+) buffering, and cognitive status. We used male mice from a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) transgenic mouse line with stable expression of the channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) variant H134R [VGAT-ChR2(H134R)-EYFP] in a reduced synaptic preparation that allows for specific optogenetic light stimulation on GABAergic synaptic terminals across aging. We performed quantal analysis using the method of failures in this model and show that short-term IF reverses the age-related decrease in quantal content of GABAergic synapses. Likewise, short-term IF also reversed age-related changes in Ca2+ buffering and spontaneous GABAergic synaptic transmission in basal forebrain (BF) neurons of aged mice. Our findings suggest that late-onset short-term IF can reverse age-related physiological impairments in mouse BF neurons but that four weeks IF is not sufficient to reverse age-related cognitive decline.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Here, we demonstrate plasticity of the aging brain and reversal of well-defined hallmarks of brain aging using short-term intermittent fasting (IF) initiated later in life. Few therapeutics are currently available to treat age-related neurologic dysfunction although synaptic dysfunction occurs during aging and neurologic disease is a topic of intense research. Using a new reduced synaptic preparation and optogenetic stimulation we are able to study age-related synaptic mechanisms in greater detail. Several neurophysiological parameters including quantal content were altered during aging and were reversed with short-term IF. These methods can be used to identify potential therapies to reverse physiological dysfunction during aging. 相似文献
102.
Long-term survival in acute arsenic encephalopathy. Follow-up using newer measures of electrophysiologic parameters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A 20-year-old man survived acute massive arsenic ingestion. The resultant severe encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy showed limited long-term recovery over the following two years. The patient's clinical course was followed using visual and auditory evoked potentials, computed tomography, electroencephalography, and electromyography. 相似文献
103.
Marcus Eng Hock Ong MBBS MPH Tom P. Aufderheide MD MS Graham Nichol MD MPH FRCP Bentley J. Bobrow MD Leo Bossaert MD Peter Cameron MBBS MD Judith Finn PhD RN RM ICCert FRCNA Ian Jacobs PhD FRCNA Rudolph W. Koster MD PhD Bryan McNally MD MPH Yih Yng Ng MBBS MPH MBA Sang Do Shin MD MPH PhD George Sopko MD MPH Hideharu Tanaka MD PhD Taku Iwami MD PhD Mark Hauswald MD 《Academic emergency medicine》2013,20(12):1297-1303
At the 2013 Academic Emergency Medicine global health consensus conference, a breakout session to develop a research agenda for resuscitation was held. Two articles are the result of that discussion. This second article addresses data collection, management, and analysis and regionalization of postresuscitation care, resuscitation programs, and research examples around the world and proposes a strategy to strengthen resuscitation research globally. There is a need for reliable global statistics on resuscitation, international standardization of data, and development of an electronic standard for reporting data. Regionalization of postresuscitation care is a priority area for future research. Large resuscitation clinical research networks are feasible and can give valuable data for improvement of service and outcomes. Low‐cost models of population‐based research, and emphasis on interventional and implementation studies that assess the clinical effects of programs and interventions, are needed to determine the most cost‐effective strategies to improve outcomes. The global challenge is how to adapt research findings to a developing world situation to have an effect internationally. 相似文献
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105.
AG Eller TF Porter P Soisson RM Silver 《BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology》2009,116(5):648-654
Objective To determine which interventions for managing placenta accreta were associated with reduced maternal morbidity.
Design Retrospective cohort study.
Setting Two tertiary care teaching hospitals in Utah.
Population All identified cases of placenta accreta from 1996 to 2008.
Methods Cases of placenta accreta were identified using standard ICD-9 codes for placenta accreta, placenta praevia, and caesarean hysterectomy. Medical records were then abstracted for maternal medical history, hospital course, and maternal and neonatal outcomes. Maternal and neonatal complications were compared according to antenatal suspicion of accreta, indications for delivery, preoperative preparation, attempts at placental removal before hysterectomy, and hypogastric artery ligation.
Main outcome measures Early morbidity (prolonged maternal intensive care unit admission, large volume of blood transfusion, coagulopathy, ureteral injury, or early re-operation) and late morbidity (intra-abdominal infection, hospital re-admission, or need for delayed re-operation).
Results Seventy-six cases of placenta accreta were identified. When accreta was suspected, scheduled caesarean hysterectomy without attempting placental removal was associated with a significantly reduced rate of early morbidity compared with cases in which placental removal was attempted (67 versus 36%, P = 0.038). Women with preoperative bilateral ureteric stents had a lower incidence of early morbidity compared with women without stents (18 versus 55%, P = 0.018). Hypogastric artery ligation did not reduce maternal morbidity.
Conclusions Scheduled caesarean hysterectomy with preoperative ureteric stent placement and avoiding attempted placental removal are associated with reduced maternal morbidity in women with suspected placenta accreta. 相似文献
Design Retrospective cohort study.
Setting Two tertiary care teaching hospitals in Utah.
Population All identified cases of placenta accreta from 1996 to 2008.
Methods Cases of placenta accreta were identified using standard ICD-9 codes for placenta accreta, placenta praevia, and caesarean hysterectomy. Medical records were then abstracted for maternal medical history, hospital course, and maternal and neonatal outcomes. Maternal and neonatal complications were compared according to antenatal suspicion of accreta, indications for delivery, preoperative preparation, attempts at placental removal before hysterectomy, and hypogastric artery ligation.
Main outcome measures Early morbidity (prolonged maternal intensive care unit admission, large volume of blood transfusion, coagulopathy, ureteral injury, or early re-operation) and late morbidity (intra-abdominal infection, hospital re-admission, or need for delayed re-operation).
Results Seventy-six cases of placenta accreta were identified. When accreta was suspected, scheduled caesarean hysterectomy without attempting placental removal was associated with a significantly reduced rate of early morbidity compared with cases in which placental removal was attempted (67 versus 36%, P = 0.038). Women with preoperative bilateral ureteric stents had a lower incidence of early morbidity compared with women without stents (18 versus 55%, P = 0.018). Hypogastric artery ligation did not reduce maternal morbidity.
Conclusions Scheduled caesarean hysterectomy with preoperative ureteric stent placement and avoiding attempted placental removal are associated with reduced maternal morbidity in women with suspected placenta accreta. 相似文献
106.
107.
Sarah Lake MN RN Cheryle Moss PhD RN Jan Duke PhD RN RM 《International journal of nursing practice》2009,15(5):376-388
Every day in clinical settings, nurses practise in complex and dynamic situations. Nurses work to achieve emergent order in these situations through nursing prioritization of the patient need for care. As direct research on nursing prioritization had not been reported, a study, using critical realism as method, was designed to discern the profession's embedded understanding from within the clinical decision-making literature. The research synthesizes a tacit knowledge on nursing prioritization of the patient need for care from key international literature (from 1966 to 2003). Nursing prioritization was discerned in both education and practice literatures; interrelationships between these and theoretical approaches were also identified. Nursing prioritization of the patient need for care was revealed both as a non-sequential decision-making process throughout unfolding patient situations and as an advanced skill of nursing practice. Increasing confidence with this skill is the hallmark of developing expertise. 相似文献
108.
Depression recognition and capacity for self‐report among ethnically diverse nursing homes residents: Evidence of disparities in screening 下载免费PDF全文
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