ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of topical fluoride gel NaF 2% application on antioxidant parameters of whole saliva from children.DesignThe saliva mechanically stimulated with parafilm was collected from 25 children (6–12 years) attending the Clinic of Paediatric Dentistry of Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil, before (control group) and immediately after application of neutral fluoride gel NaF 2% (fluoride-gel group), according to the Standards for Research Using Human Subjects, Resolution 196/96 of the USA National Health Council of 10/10/1996. Afterwards, pre-post ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), uric acid, reduced/oxidised glutathione content (GSH/GSSG) and total peroxidase activity (TPO) were evaluated in whole saliva of both groups.ResultsAll non-enzymatic antioxidant parameters were augmented by fluoride-gel NaF 2% application, whereas a notable reduction (31%) of peroxidase activity was concomitantly observed in the children's saliva (p ≤ 0.05). Nevertheless, the reducing power of saliva was kept unaltered under these circumstances (p ≤ 0.05).ConclusionsDespite the reduced activity of peroxidase (an important antimicrobial and antioxidant enzyme), the topical fluoride gel NaF 2% favourably stimulated the release of non-enzymatic antioxidant components of saliva, sustaining the reducing power of saliva and the natural defences of the oral cavity. 相似文献
Acute pulmonary thromboembolism (APT) is a critical condition associated with acute pulmonary hypertension. Recent studies suggest that oxidative stress and hemolysis contribute to APT-induced pulmonary hypertension, possibly as a result of increased nitric oxide (NO) consumption. We hypothesized that the antioxidant tempol could attenuate APT-induced hemolysis, and therefore attenuate APT-induced increases in plasma NO consumption.
Materials and Methods
APT was induced in anesthetized sheep with autologous blood clots. The hemodynamic effects of tempol infused at 1.0 mg/kg/min 30 min after APT were determined. Hemodynamic measurements were carried out every 15 min. To assess oxidative stress, serum 8-isoprostanes levels were measured by ELISA. Plasma cell-free hemoglobin concentrations and NO consumption by plasma samples were determined. An in vitro oxidative AAPH-induced hemolysis assay was used to further validate the in vivo effects of tempol.
Results
APT caused pulmonary hypertension, and increased pulmonary vascular resistance in proportion with the increases in 8-isoprostanes, plasma cell-free hemoglobin concentrations, and NO consumption by plasma (all P < 0.05). Tempol attenuated the hemodynamic alterations by approximately 15-20% and blunted APT-induced increases in 8-isoprostanes, in cell-free hemoglobin concentrations, and the increases in NO consumption by plasma (P < 0.05). Tempol dose-dependently attenuated AAPH-induced in vitro hemolysis (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Our findings are consistent with the idea that antioxidant properties of tempol decrease APT-induced hemolysis and nitric oxide consumption, thus attenuating APT-induced pulmonary hypertension. 相似文献
Mowat–Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare genetic condition where variable and multiple congenital anomalies including Hirschsprung's disease, intellectual disability, and prominent facial features are present. At molecular level, MWS is characterized by many different described mutations in the zinc finger E-box protein 2 (ZEB2) gene, ultimately leading to loss of gene function. This report is the first to describe the association of MWS with two different asynchronous malignant brain tumors (medulloblastoma and glioblastoma) occurring in a child. 相似文献
Peri-implantitis is a pathology that has been described in many clinical studies and case reports. However, it is still not clear how the roles of its etiologic agents work. This article is based on a review of the literature and a case report. It aims to offer data related to the factors that cause this pathology, and to analyze how these factors interact, leading to the contamination of the peri-implant tissue. 相似文献
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), a genetic disease caused by mutations in PKD1 or PKD2 genes, is associated with a high prevalence of nephrolithiasis. The underlying mechanisms may encompass structural abnormalities resulting from cyst growth, urinary metabolic abnormalities or both. An increased frequency of hypocitraturia has been described in ADPKD even in the absence of nephrolithiasis, suggesting that metabolic alterations may be associated with ADPKD per se. We aimed to investigate whether non-cystic Pkd1-haploinsufficient (Pkd1+/?) and/or nestin-Cre Pkd1-targeted cystic (Pkd1cond/cond:Nestincre) mouse models develop urinary metabolic abnormalities potentially related to nephrolithiasis in ADPKD. 24-h urine samples were collected during three non-consecutive days from 10–12 and 18–20 week-old animals. At 10–12 weeks of age, urinary oxalate, calcium, magnesium, citrate and uric acid did not differ between test and their respective control groups. At 18–20 weeks, Pkd1+/? showed slightly but significantly higher urinary uric acid vs. controls while cystic animals did not. The absence of hypocitraturia, hyperoxaluria and hyperuricosuria in the cystic model at both ages and the finding of hyperuricosuria in the 18–20 week-old animals suggest that anatomic cystic distortions per se do not generate the metabolic disturbances described in human ADPKD-related nephrolithiasis, while Pkd1 haploinsufficiency may contribute to this phenotype in this animal model. 相似文献
Remote monitoring (RM) of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) is standard of care. However, it is underutilized. In July 2012, our institution began providing cell phone adapters (CPAs) to patients free of charge following CIED implantation to improve remote transmission (RT) adherence.
Methods
Patients in our institution’s RM database from January 1, 2010, thru June 30, 2015, were retrospectively reviewed. There were 2157 eligible patients. Remote transmission proportion (RTP) and time to transmission (TT) were compared pre- and post-implementation of free CPA. Chi-squared analysis and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed to compare RTP and TT.
Results
There was a significant increase in RTP (134 [18.4%] vs 99 [54.7%]; p?<?0.001) and decrease in median TT in days (189[110–279] vs 58 [10–149]; p?<?0.001) after CPAs were provided to patients. Caucasian patients were more likely than African Americans and Hispanics to use RM prior to CPAs (p?=?0.04). After the implementation of CPAs, there was a significant increase in RTP for all racial groups (<?0.001) with no difference in RTP among racial groups (p?=?0.18). The RTP for urban residents was significantly greater than non-urban residents with CPAs (p?=?0.008). Patients greater than 70 years of age were significantly less likely to participate in RT before and after CPAs were provided (p?=?0.03, p?=?0.01, respectively).
Conclusions
CPAs significantly improve RTP and reduce median TT for all patients regardless of race, geographic residence, and age (>?70 years old to lesser extent). Broad institution of CPAs following ICD implantation could potentially reduce disparity in RTP and deserves more study.
Human factor VIII(FVIII) inhibitors are pathologic, circulating antibodies that inactivate FVIII. We have examined the location of epitopes on the FVIII protein for inhibitors from hemophilia A and nonhemophilic individuals. The inhibitors were of type I or type II in the kinetics of their inactivation of FVIII. A cDNA clone of human FVIII was used to express defined FVIII protein fragments in Escherichia coli for immunoblotting with inhibitor plasma. An epitope for 18 heavy-chain inhibitors was localized to the aminoterminal 18.3 Kd of the A2 domain. Two of these inhibitors also recognized an epitope located between A1 and A2 domains. Similarly, an epitope for 23 light- chain inhibitors was localized to the C2 domain. Weaker epitopes for 13 of the same inhibitors within the C1 and C2 domains were also observed. Four of the 23 inhibitors in addition bound strongly to the A3 domain. Most inhibitors (22 of 23) were neutralized in vitro only by the FVIII fragments to which they bound on immunoblots; however, one inhibitor that was neutralized by a fragment containing the A1 domain did not bind to it on immunoblots. Conversely, 3 of 3 inhibitors that bound to the A3 domain and 5 of 15 that bound to the A2 domain were not neutralized by the corresponding fragments. The epitope specificity of an inhibitor did not depend on its source or type. Our results show that FVIII inhibitors bind to limited areas within the heavy and light chains of FVIII. Some inhibitor plasmas contain additional antibodies that may not be inhibitory. 相似文献
We used in vitro DNA amplification by the polymerase chain reaction and nonradioactive probes for prenatal diagnosis of beta thalassemia in Chinese from the Guangdong province. Exact molecular diagnoses were made in all 20 fetuses studied over a 6-month period. We conclude that this method of prenatal diagnosis for beta thalassemia is a viable approach in many parts of the world where this disease is common. 相似文献