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81.
Aisha Rasool Fernanda Alvarado-Flores Perrie O'Tierney-Ginn 《Clinical therapeutics》2021,43(2):226-245
PurposeMaternal nutrition is a key modifier of fetal growth and development. However, many maternal diets in the United States do not meet nutritional recommendations. Dietary supplementation is therefore necessary to meet nutritional goals. The effects of many supplements on placental development and function are poorly understood. In this review, we address the therapeutic potential of maternal dietary supplementation on placental development and function in both healthy and complicated pregnancies.MethodsThis is a narrative review of original research articles published between February 1970 and July 2020 on dietary supplements consumed during pregnancy and placental outcomes (including nutrient uptake, metabolism and delivery, as well as growth and efficiency). Impacts of placental changes on fetal outcomes were also reviewed. Both human and animal studies were included.FindingsWe found evidence of a potential therapeutic benefit of several supplements on maternal and fetal outcomes via their placental impacts. Our review supports a role for probiotics as a placental therapeutic, with effects that include improved inflammation and lipid metabolism, which may prevent preterm birth and poor placental efficiency. Supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (as found in fish oil) during pregnancy tempers the negative effects of maternal obesity but may have little placental impact in healthy lean women. The beneficial effects of choline supplementation on maternal health and fetal growth are largely attributable to its placental impacts. l-arginine supplementation has a potent provascularization effect on the placenta, which may underlie its fetal growth–promoting properties.ImplicationsThe placenta is exquisitely sensitive to dietary supplements. Pregnant women should consult their health care practitioner before continuing or initiating use of a dietary supplement. Because little is known about impacts of many supplements on placental and long-term offspring health, more research is required before robust clinical recommendations can be made. 相似文献
82.
Grazia Fernanda Spitoni Giorgio Pireddu Rocco Luca Cimmino Gaspare Galati Alberto Priori Michal Lavidor Liron Jacobson Luigi Pizzamiglio 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》2013,228(1):63-72
The parietal lobes contribute to body-space representation. The present work aims at characterizing the functional role of the inferior parietal lobe in body-space representation and at studying the different roles of the angular gyrus in the right and left hemisphere. We conducted three separate transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) experiments using “tactile distance task” as an implicit measure of body representation. Whereas anodal tDCS on the right angular gyrus influences vocal reaction times (vRT) for stimuli delivered on the ipsilateral body parts without changes of accuracy, right tDCS improved both vRT and accuracy for tactile stimuli on the contralateral limbs. Sham or left parietal anodal tDCS had no effect. These evidences support the view that right parietal areas have a crucial role in the metric component of the body representation. 相似文献
83.
Dulciene Maria Magalh?es Queiroz Mayuko Saito Gifone Aguiar Rocha Andreia Maria Camargos Rocha Fabrício Freire Melo William Checkley Lúcia Libanez Bessa C. Braga Igor Sim?es Silva Robert H. Gilman Jean E. Crabtree 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2013,51(11):3735-3740
Accurate noninvasive tests for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection in very young children are strongly required. We investigated the agreement between the [13C]urea breath test ([13C]UBT) and a monoclonal ELISA (HpSA) for detection of H. pylori antigen in stool. From October 2007 to July 2011, we enrolled 414 infants (123 from Brazil and 291 from Peru) of ages 6 to 30 months. Breath and stool samples were obtained at intervals of at least 3 months from Brazilian (n = 415) and Peruvian (n = 908) infants. [13C]UBT and stool test results concurred with each other in 1,255 (94.86%) cases (kappa coefficient = 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.87 to 0.92). In the H. pylori-positive group, delta-over-baseline (DOB) and optical density (OD) values were positively correlated (r = 0.62; P < 0.001). The positivity of the tests was higher (P < 0.001; odds ratio [OR] = 6.01; 95% CI = 4.50 to 8.04) in Peru (546/878; 62.2%) than in Brazil (81/377; 21.5%) and increased with increasing age in Brazil (P = 0.02), whereas in Peru it decreased with increasing age (P < 0.001). The disagreement between the test results was associated with birth in Brazil and female gender but not with age and diarrhea. Our results suggest that both [13C]UBT and the stool monoclonal test are reliable for diagnosing H. pylori infection in very young children, which will facilitate robust epidemiological studies in infants and toddlers. 相似文献
84.
Tom Grunert Mareike Wenning María Sol Barbagelata Martina Fricker Daniel O. Sordelli Fernanda R. Buzzola Monika Ehling-Schulz 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2013,51(7):2261-2266
Staphylococcus aureus capsular polysaccharides (CP) are important virulence factors and represent putative targets for vaccine development. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a high-throughput method to identify and discriminate the clinically important S. aureus capsular serotypes 5, 8, and NT (nontypeable). A comprehensive set of clinical isolates derived from different origins and control strains, representative for each serotype, were used to establish a CP typing system based on Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and chemometric techniques. By combining FTIR spectroscopy with artificial neuronal network (ANN) analysis, a system was successfully established, allowing a rapid identification and discrimination of all three serotypes. The overall accuracy of the ANN-assisted FTIR spectroscopy CP typing system was 96.7% for the internal validation and 98.2% for the external validation. One isolate in the internal validation and one isolate in the external validation failed in the classification procedure, but none of the isolates was incorrectly classified. The present study demonstrates that ANN-assisted FTIR spectroscopy allows a rapid and reliable discrimination of S. aureus capsular serotypes. It is suitable for diagnostic as well as large-scale epidemiologic surveillance of S. aureus capsule expression and provides useful information with respect to chronicity of infection. 相似文献
85.
Lucas Alves Moura Fernanda Vieira Ribeiro Talita Bianchi Aiello Eliana Ap. De Rezende Duek Enilson Antonio Sallum Francisco Humberto Nociti Junior 《Journal of biomaterials science. Polymer edition》2013,24(10):573-584
The aim of this pilot study was to assess the release of locally delivered doxycycline by poly (l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres in the periodontal pocket of patients with chronic periodontitis, treated by non-surgical periodontal therapy. Nineteen sites of non-adjacent teeth of four different patients were evaluated. Five milligram of PLGA microspheres loaded with 16 doxycycline hyclate (DOX) was administered per periodontal site. To quantify DOX released into the periodontal pocket, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected from the sites on days 2, 5, 7, 10, 15, and 20 after DOX application, and high-performance liquid chromatography was performed. Data were statistically assessed by ANOVA/Tukey test. At days 2, 5, and 7, the DOX concentration was stably sustained (23.33 ± 1.38, 23.4 ± 1.82, and 22.75 ± 1.33 μg/mL, respectively), with no significant differences over these assessment times (p > 0.05). At days 10 and 15, a tendency was observed toward a decrease in DOX concentration (21.74 ± 0.91 and 20.53 ± 4.88 μg/mL, respectively), but a significant decrease in GCF drug concentration (19.69 ± 4.70 μg/mL) was observed only on day 20. The DOX delivery system developed demonstrated a successful sustained release after local administration, as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 相似文献
86.
Merlin Murilo de Oliveira Heloisa Helena Passos Maria Elizabeth Pereira Momesso Cesar Miguel dos Santos de Oliveira Laiane Cristina Santana Juliana Exel Levada-Pires Adriana C. Hatanaka Elaine Massao-Hirabara Sandro Guaré Renata Cury-Boaventura Maria Fernanda Pithon-Curi Tania C. Gorjão Renata 《Sport Sciences for Health》2021,17(2):431-439
Sport Sciences for Health - Lifestyle and body composition may be simultaneously responsible for immune response modulation. This study aimed to compare plasmatic adipokines concentration and... 相似文献
87.
Leonardo C. Albuquerque Silvia A. Aranha Fernanda R. Fernandes Alice K. Inoue-Nagata 《Archives of virology》2013,158(1):181-186
As a result of surveys of okra begomoviruses (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) conducted over the last five years in Central Brazil, we report the complete genome sequence of an isolate of okra mottle virus (OMoV). The DNA-A and DNA-B components were 2660 and 2653 nucleotides (nt) long, respectively, and they were most closely related to the DNA-A (~99 % nt identity) and DNA-B (~98 % nt identity) components of an OMoV isolate from a soybean plant. A phylogenetic tree was generated based on these sequences, and it was shown that both of the OMoV DNA components were grouped in a branch with Brazilian begomoviruses known to infect weeds. By recombination analysis, strong evidence was observed that the OMoV genome may have been the product of a double inter-species recombination event. 相似文献
88.
Objectives
To evaluate the effects of interactions between ApoE genotypes, alcohol consumption and obesity on the age-related trends of blood pressure (BP) levels in postmenopausal women.Study design
A population-based prospective cohort study of all residents in Bambuì, south-eastern Brazil, aged 60 years or older. Repeated BP measurements were obtained in four waves from 851 women who underwent ApoE genotyping at baseline (88.3% of those enrolled), and multi-level random-effects pattern-mixture models were used to evaluate the age-related BP trajectories, while accounting for non-ignorable dropouts/deaths and handling heterogeneities as random parameter variations. The few measurements (2.1%) made during hormone replacement therapy were excluded from the analysis.Results
Alcohol consumption was associated with high levels of systolic and diastolic BP in an age × genotype-dependent manner only in the non-obese women (BMI < 27 kg/m2). Among those with the ?3/3 genotype, the differences in systolic and diastolic levels between drinkers and non-drinkers estimated at the age of 60 years were respectively 13.7 mmHg (p = 0.022) and 10.7 mmHg (p = 0.002), and disappeared in the older age groups, in which drinking was associated with systolic/diastolic hypertension if the non-obese women were ?4 carriers.Conclusion
In non-obese postmenopausal women, alcohol consumption is associated with systolic and diastolic hypertension early in those with the ?3/3 ApoE genotype, and late in ?4 carriers. We hypothesize the mediation of androgen hormones and the influence of ApoE genotypes on age at natural menopause. A better understanding of these mechanisms may guide better preventive choices. 相似文献89.
Ricardo A. Fochi Fernanda C. A. Santos Rejane M. Goes Sebastião R. Taboga 《International journal of experimental pathology》2013,94(6):373-386
Testosterone (T) and oestrogen are the main active steroid hormones in the male and female reproductive system respectively. In female rodents progesterone (P4), together with testosterone and oestrogen, has an essential role in the regulation of the oestrous cycle, which influences the prostate physiology through their oscillations. In this work we investigated how the male and female prostate gland of Mongolian gerbils responds to surgical castration at the start of puberty and what are the effects of T, oestradiol (E2) and P4 replacement, using both quantitative and qualitative methods. We also examined the location of the main steroid receptors present in the prostate. In the castrated animals of both sexes an intense glandular regression, along with disorganization of the stromal compartment, and abundant hyperplasia was observed. The replacement of P4 secured a mild recovery of the glandular morphology, inducing the growth of secretory cells and restoring the androgen receptor (AR) cells. The administration of P4 and E2 eliminated epithelial hyperplasia and intensified gland hypertrophy, favouring the emergence of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). In animals treated with T and P4, even though there are some inflammatory foci and other lesions, the prostate gland revealed morphology closer to that of control animals. In summary, through the administration of P4, we could demonstrate that this hormone has anabolic characteristics, promoting hyperplasia and hypertrophy, mainly in the epithelial compartment. When combined with E2 and T, there is an accentuation of glandular hypertrophy that interrupts the development of hyperplasia and ensures the presence of a less dysplastic glandular morphology. 相似文献
90.
Alexandre Simões Nogueira Eduardo Sanches Gonçales Paulo Sergio da Silva Santos José Humberto Damante Phillipe Nogueira Barbosa Alencar Fernanda Araújo Sampaio Alexandre Simões Garcia 《Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA》2013,35(9):867-871
Despite the nomenclature suggested to be a tumor, torus palatinus (TP) is an overgrowth of the bone in the palatal region and represents an anatomic variation. Its prevalence varies among the population studied and its etiology is still unclear; however, it seems to be a multifactorial disorder with genetics and environmental involvement. Surgical removal of the TP is indicated in the following circumstances: (1) deglutition and speech impairment, (2) cancer phobia, (3) traumatized mucosa over the torus, and (4) prosthetic reasons. The aim of this case report is describe cases that occurred in two sisters, emphasizing the genetic etiology of this anatomic variation. In addition, intra-oral exam and computed tomography scan (axial, coronal and sagittal view) provided a detailed assessment of the TP and elimination of other possible diagnoses, furthermore allowed a better analyzes of the anatomic relation with adjacentes structures. No surgical removal was indicated for both cases. 相似文献