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91.
Zahra Khalil Alsairafi Felicity J. Smith Kevin Michael Geoffrey Taylor Fatemah Alsaleh Abdulnabi T. Alattar 《Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal》2018,26(4):487-495
Background
Diabetes is a threat to peoples’ lives around the world, particularly in the Middle East. Medicine misuse and poor glycaemic control are prevalent among patients with type 2 diabetes, especially insulin-dependent patients (Alsairafi et al., 2016). With advances in medical technology, insulin pumps became a treatment option for patients with type 1 diabetes and those with insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes. However, use of these devices is still lacking in Kuwait, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes. Information on how patients manage these devices and their efficacy and safety from the perspectives of patients is also lacking (Alsaleh et al., 2016).Objective
To examine the views and experiences of adults with type 2 diabetes regarding the use of insulin pumps compared to their previous insulin delivery methods, in terms of glycaemic control, quality of life, preference, convenience and adherence to doses.Setting
The main five secondary-care hospitals in Kuwait: Mobarak Al-Kabeer, Al Amiri, Al Adan, Al Farwaniya and Al Jahra.Method
All adults with type 2 diabetes who used an insulin pump were invited to participate. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed using MAXQDA-11.Results
A total of eight patients were interviewed. Interviews with patients revealed that using an insulin pump improved patients’ glycaemic control and quality of life as a consequence of improved satisfaction and adherence to doses.Conclusion
From the perspective of adults with type 2 diabetes, there are lots of benefits of using insulin pumps over other insulin delivery methods, mainly seen by the improvement of quality of life and patients’ adherence to doses. Policy-makers and healthcare professionals (HCPs) must be aware of such benefits and should support the wider implementation of this technology in the country by including patients with type 2 diabetes. Results of this study will help to inform healthcare provision and guideline modifications and to provide guidance for new patients using this therapy. 相似文献92.
This case report describes the presence of multiple dental anomalies in the upper labial segment of a 7-year-old boy; a macrodont, transposition and supplemental tooth. CLINICAL RELEVANCE:This case highlights the need for careful treatment planning in patients with mutiple dental anomalies. 相似文献
93.
Evidence-based cognitive rehabilitation: updated review of the literature from 1998 through 2002 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Cicerone KD Dahlberg C Malec JF Langenbahn DM Felicetti T Kneipp S Ellmo W Kalmar K Giacino JT Harley JP Laatsch L Morse PA Catanese J 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2005,86(8):1681-1692
OBJECTIVE: To update the previous evidence-based recommendations of the Brain Injury Interdisciplinary Special Interest Group of the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine for cognitive rehabilitation of people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke, based on a systematic review of the literature from 1998 through 2002. DATA SOURCES: PubMed and Infotrieve literature searches were conducted using the terms attention, awareness, cognition, communication, executive, language, memory, perception, problem solving, and reasoning combined with each of the terms rehabilitation, remediation, and training. Reference lists from identified articles were reviewed and a bibliography listing 312 articles was compiled. STUDY SELECTION: One hundred eighteen articles were initially selected for inclusion. Thirty-one studies were excluded after detailed review. Excluded articles included 14 studies without data, 6 duplicate publications or follow-up studies, 5 nontreatment studies, 4 reviews, and 2 case studies involving diagnoses other than TBI or stroke. DATA EXTRACTION: Articles were assigned to 1 of 7 categories reflecting the primary area of intervention: attention; visual perception; apraxia; language and communication; memory; executive functioning, problem solving and awareness; and comprehensive-holistic cognitive rehabilitation. Articles were abstracted and levels of evidence determined using specific criteria. DATA SYNTHESIS: Of the 87 studies evaluated, 17 were rated as class I, 8 as class II, and 62 as class III. Evidence within each area of intervention was synthesized and recommendations for practice standards, practice guidelines, and practice options were made. CONCLUSIONS: There is substantial evidence to support cognitive-linguistic therapies for people with language deficits after left hemisphere stroke. New evidence supports training for apraxia after left hemisphere stroke. The evidence supports visuospatial rehabilitation for deficits associated with visual neglect after right hemisphere stroke. There is substantial evidence to support cognitive rehabilitation for people with TBI, including strategy training for mild memory impairment, strategy training for postacute attention deficits, and interventions for functional communication deficits. The overall analysis of 47 treatment comparisons, based on class I studies included in the current and previous review, reveals a differential benefit in favor of cognitive rehabilitation in 37 of 47 (78.7%) comparisons, with no comparison demonstrating a benefit in favor of the alternative treatment condition. Future research should move beyond the simple question of whether cognitive rehabilitation is effective, and examine the therapy factors and patient characteristics that optimize the clinical outcomes of cognitive rehabilitation. 相似文献
94.
A 59-year-old female with metacarpal joint locking is presented. The successful closed manipulation is described with a review of the literature. 相似文献
95.
Mariana Abreu Costa Valéria Fonseca Moscardini Pablo da Costa Gontijo Geraldo Andrade Carvalho Rodrigo Lopes de Oliveira Harley Nonato de Oliveira 《Ecotoxicology (London, England)》2014,23(8):1399-1408
This study assessed the transgenerational effects of insecticides in developing Trichogramma galloi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Laboratory bioassays were performed in which five insecticides were sprayed on egg-larval, pre-pupal and pupal stages of the parasitoid. The interaction between insecticides and development stages of the parasitoid was not significant for the rate of F0 emergence. All insecticides significantly reduced the emergence of wasps, with the lowest emergence observed when they were applied to the pupal stage. For the sex ratio, only spinosad applied to the pre-pupal stage and triflumuron applied on the egg-larval and pre-pupal stages did not differ from the controls. Triflumuron applied to pre-pupae did not lead to any difference in the parasitism rate of the treated generation (F0) when compared to the control. There were no significant differences among survival curves for females of F0 when all insecticides were sprayed on the egg-larval stage. Both concentrations of lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam reduced female pre-pupal survival, and all treatments reduced female pupal survival. In addition, we observed a transgenerational effect of the insecticides on emergence and sex ratio of next generation (F1). Lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam (Min) applied to the pre-pupae and pupae, the maximum rate of the same insecticides applied to the egg-larvae and pre-pupae, and spinosad applied to pre-pupae all significantly reduced the adults emergence of T. galloi F1 generation. Only triflumuron did not alter the F1 sex ratio. These bioassays provide a basis for better understanding the effects of insecticide use on beneficial parasitoids. 相似文献
96.
Harley SM Beevers H 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1982,79(19):5935-5938
In vitro translation systems were prepared with supernatant factors from wheat germ and 80S ribosomes from wheat germ, barley embryos, watermelon cotyledons, pea cotyledons, and castor bean endosperm. Ricin A-chain, which strongly inhibits protein synthesis by mammalian ribosomes, inhibited all of the plant ribosomal systems by 50% when present at 25-45 μg/ml—≈23,000 times the concentration needed to inhibit mammalian systems. Ricinus communis agglutinin A-chain, a protein similar to ricin A-chain, inhibited translation by the plant systems 50% at concentrations 5-10 times those of the ricin A-chain. Ribosomes from castor bean endosperm, the source of ricin and the agglutinin, were just as susceptible to the inhibitors as were ribosomes from the other four plants. Compartmentation of the inhibitors within vacuoles derived from protein bodies of the endosperm appears to be responsible for protecting cytoplasmic protein synthesis during germination of castor beans. 相似文献
97.
Katrina McFerran Felicity Baker George C. Patton Susan M. Sawyer 《European eating disorders review》2006,14(6):397-403
Song‐writing plays a central role in music therapy with adolescents. A retrospective lyrical analysis of songs written by adolescents with anorexia nervosa was undertaken in order to identify common themes solicited through song‐writing interventions. Fifteen participants contributed 17 songs, from which 368 lyrical units were identified. A modified content analysis approach was used with each lyrical unit being categorised to one of six themes determined from the literature and clinical experience. The theme of ‘identity’ was used most frequently (28%), with the sub‐theme of ‘exploring new behaviours, positive self‐talk’ being addressed most often (12.5% of total). The dominance of the developmentally important theme of ‘identity’ may reflect the relationship between adolescents, music and identity or may be related to the way in which anorexia nervosa has been theorised to assist the adolescent in managing challenges to the emerging sense of self. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association. 相似文献
98.
Primary structure of human corticosteroid binding globulin, deduced from hepatic and pulmonary cDNAs, exhibits homology with serine protease inhibitors. 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
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G L Hammond C L Smith I S Goping D A Underhill M J Harley J Reventos N A Musto G L Gunsalus C W Bardin 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1987,84(15):5153-5157
We have isolated and sequenced cDNAs for corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG) prepared from human liver and lung mRNAs. Our results indicate that CBG mRNA is relatively abundant in the liver but is also present in the lung, testis, and kidney. The liver CBG cDNA contains an open reading frame for a 405-amino acid (Mr 45,149) polypeptide. This includes a predominantly hydrophobic, leader sequence of 22 residues that precedes the known NH2-terminal sequence of human CBG. We, therefore, predict that the mature protein is composed of 383 amino acids and is a polypeptide of Mr 42,646. A second, in-frame, 72-base-pair cistron of unknown significance exists between the TAA termination codon for CBG and a possible polyadenylylation signal (AATAAA) located 16 nucleotides before the polyadenylylation site. The deduced amino acid sequence of mature CBG contains two cysteine residues and consensus sequences for the attachment of six possible N-linked oligosaccharide chains. The sequences of the human lung and liver CBG cDNAs differ by only one nucleotide within the proposed leader sequence, and we attribute this to a point mutation. No sequence homology was found between CBG and other steroid binding proteins, but there is a remarkable similarity between the amino acid sequences of CBG and of alpha 1-antitrypsin, and this extends to other members of the serpin (serine protease inhibitor) superfamily. 相似文献
99.
Namjou B Nath SK Kilpatrick J Kelly JA Reid J James JA Harley JB 《Arthritis and rheumatism》2002,46(11):2937-2945
OBJECTIVE: Arthritis is a common manifestation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), appearing in approximately 85% of patients. Often, the polyarthritis at presentation of SLE cannot be distinguished from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by physical examination or history. Indeed, physicians initially tell many SLE patients that they have RA (one source of "self-reported RA"), only to have SLE established later. In addition, RA aggregates in families with an SLE proband. We predicted that pedigrees multiplex for both SLE and for self-reported RA would better isolate particular genetic effects. If this proved to be true, we would then use the increased genetic homogeneity to more easily reveal genetic linkage. METHODS: From a collection of 160 pedigrees multiplex for SLE, we selected 36 pedigrees that also contained >or=2 members with self-reported RA (19 pedigrees were African American, 14 were European American, and 3 were of other ethnic origin). Data from a genome scan of 307 microsatellite markers were evaluated for SLE linkage by contemporary genetic epidemiologic techniques. RESULTS: The most significant evidence of linkage to SLE was obtained at 5p15.3 in the European American pedigrees by both parametric (logarithm of odds [LOD] score 6.2, P = 9.3 x 10(-8)) and nonparametric (LOD score 6.9, P = 1.7 x 10(-8)) methods. The best-fitting model for this putative SLE gene in this region was a recessive gene with a population frequency of 5% and with 50% penetrance in females and 15% penetrance in males at virtually 100% homogeneity. CONCLUSION: For a genetically complex disease phenotype, an unusually powerful linkage has been found with SLE at 5p15.3 in European American pedigrees multiplex for SLE and for self-reported RA. This result predicts the presence of a gene at the top of chromosome 5 in this subset of patients that is important for the pathogenesis of SLE. 相似文献
100.
Bioerodable Ketamine-Loaded Microparticles Fabricated Using Dissolvable Hydrogel Template Technology
Minze Zhu Andrew K. Whittaker Maree T. Smith Felicity Y. Han 《Journal of pharmaceutical sciences》2019,108(3):1220-1226
For severe cancer-related pain that is not relieved adequately by escalating doses of oral or parenterally administered strong opioid analgesics such as morphine, alone or in combination with an adjuvant drug such as ketamine, more invasive dosing routes may be warranted. One such approach involves surgical implantation of an intrathecal pump to deliver small doses of analgesic or adjuvant drugs in close proximity to the receptors that transduce their pain-relieving effects. However, the use of implanted devices is associated with a range of catheter-related problems. To address this, we have developed biodegradable microparticles loaded with the analgesic adjuvant drug, ketamine, for sustained release after a single bolus intrathecal injection. Drug-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles were prepared using a dissolvable hydrogel template. Using PLGA with 3 different ratios of lactic acid to glycolic acid (L/G), relatively high ketamine loading and homogenous particle shape and size were achieved. Specifically, ketamine loading of PLGA5050, PLGA7525, and PLGA8515 in ester-terminated microparticles was 20.0%, 20.4%, and 18.9%, respectively. The microparticles were within the desired size range (20 μm diameter and 30 μm height) and in vitro release was sustained for ≥14 days with an acceptable initial burst release (~10%-20%) achieved. 相似文献