The incidence of lymphoma in the UK haemophilia population between 1978 and 1999

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin's disease (HD) in the UK haemophilia population during the 22 year period 1978-1999. DESIGN AND METHODS: An analysis of patient data included on the UK Haemophilia Centre Doctors' Organisation lymphoma register. The number of cases of NHL and HD occurring in HIV-positive and negative patients in each 3-year period were compared with the expected incidence in the general male population. RESULTS: Eighty-nine cases of lymphoma were identified. Seventy-two cases (81%) occurred in HIV-positive patients (67 NHL, five HD), and 17 cases (19%) in HIV-negative patients (nine NHL, eight HD). The incidence of NHL in the HIV-positive cohort was significantly increased, with a ratio of observed to expected cases of 83.92 (P < 0.001) in the period 1985-1996. The ratio reduced to 42.15 during the period 1997-1999, presumably as a consequence of the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). There was a significant excess of HD in HIV-positive patients, with an observed to expected ratio of 10.50 between 1985 and 1999 (based on five cases, P < 0.001). During the whole observation period, there was a significant excess of HD in HIV-negative patients, with an observed to expected ratio of 2.66 (based on eight cases, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The incidence of lymphoma is significantly higher in HIV-positive UK haemophilia patients compared with HIV-negative individuals. Since the introduction of HAART, the incidence of lymphoma has tended to fall in the HIV-positive group.     

A serological scoring system to predict lymph node metastasis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Background

Lymph node metastasis (LNM)has widely been recognized as a poor prognostic indicator for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Preoperative prediction of LNM is important for clinicians to decide on treatment. This study was designed to develop a simple and convenient system to predict LNM.

日本血吸虫中国大陆株23 kDa膜蛋白DNA疫苗诱导小鼠保护性免疫的研究

目的　研究日本血吸虫中国大陆株 2 3kDa膜蛋白 (SjC2 3)DNA疫苗诱导C5 7BL/6小鼠免疫保护作用。方法　将全长的SjC2 3基因克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1,构建DNA疫苗 pcDNA3.1 SjC2 3。制备SjC2 3及IL 12的两个亚单位 p35、p4 0的DNA疫苗和对照 pcDNA3.1。 4 8只C5 7BL/6小鼠随机分为A、B、C 3组。A组小鼠肌注 10 0 μgpcDNA3.1;B组注射 10 0 μg pcDNA3.1 SjC2 3;C组肌注 pcDNA3.1 SjC2 3、pcDNA3.1 p35及pcDNA3.1 p4 0各 10 0 μg的混合物。每隔 2周各免疫 1次 ,共 3次。第 8周每鼠感染 4 5± 2条 /只尾蚴 ,4 5d后剖杀 ,计数成虫及肝内虫卵。采用免疫组化法检测SjC2 3及 p35、p4 0在小鼠局部组织内的表达 ;用脾细胞培养法检测经rSjC2 3 HD刺激后 ,攻击前、后小鼠脾细胞IL 2、IL 4、IL 10和IFN γ的水平。用Westernblotting检测血清中抗SjC2 3抗体。结果　SjC2 3以及p35、p4 0在免疫小鼠股四头肌细胞膜和细胞浆均获得表达。IL 2和IFN γ的水平攻击前、后在B组和C组均明显升高。Westernblotting检测抗SjC2 3抗体结果表明 ,免疫后两周 ,B组 8/10份血清为阳性 ,C组 9/10份血清阳性。B组和C组分别获得 2 6 .9%和 35 .4 %的减虫率 ,C组显著高于B组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;减卵率分别为 2 2 .2 %和 2 8.4 %。结论　SjC     

转化生长因子β1与脑缺血

转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）是一种参与缺血性脑损伤病理生理学过程的多功能细胞因子.文章就TGF-β1的生物学作用、信号调节和在缺血性脑损伤中的表达和神经保护作用机制等做了综述.     

Management of COPD in Asia: A position statement of the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major disease in Asia. However, how to manage specifically Asian COPD patients has not been proposed. Awareness of COPD is very low and underdiagnosis/undertreatment is common in Asian countries. Low utilization of pulmonary function test and inhalers is also a problem. Moreover, high smoking prevalence and air pollution are barriers to managing Asian patients with COPD. The relatively low body mass index of Asian patients with COPD can increase their risk for experiencing adverse effects from COPD drugs. Physicians should consider the unique features of Asian populations with COPD such as the high prevalence rates of bronchiectasis and tuberculosis‐destroyed lungs, biomass smoke exposure and parasitic infection.     

Regional amyloid distribution and impact on mortality in light-chain amyloidosis: a T1 mapping cardiac magnetic resonance study

Background: T1 mapping allows quantitative assessment of “diffuse” deposition of amyloid protein in the myocardium. Early detection of cardiac involvement and potential prognostic improvement could benefit patients with AL amyloidosis.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the regional variation of amyloid infiltration in the left ventricle and the prognostic value of T1 mapping in patients with AL amyloidosis.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 77 patients with AL amyloidosis who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance on a 3.0-T scanner. Native T1 and extracellular volume (ECV) were quantitated on the basal, mid, and apical levels of the left ventricle. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) pattern (no or non-specific LGE, sub-endocardial LGE, and transmural LGE) was also assessed. Forty healthy subjects served as controls. The primary end point was all-cause mortality.

Results: Basal ECV (26.9?±?2.8% versus 31.1?±?4.9%, p?<?.001) were lower than apical ECV in the healthy controls; however, basal ECV (60.6?±?11.5% versus 53.0?±?9.6%, p?=?.003) were significantly higher than apical ECV in patients with transmural LGE. During the follow-up period (median duration, 28?months; 25th–75th percentile, 13.5–38.0?months), 46 patients died. Basal ECV has the largest area under the curve of 0.845 (95% CI, 0.747–0.917) to predict all-cause mortality. Multivariable Cox analysis indicated that basal ECV was an independent prognostic factor and showed incremental prognostic value beyond NYHA class, Mayo stage, and LGE pattern.

Conclusion: We demonstrated that T1 mapping may have the potential to detect a characteristic amyloid deposition with a decreasing gradient from base to apex. Furthermore, myocardial ECV indicated that basal amyloid infiltration provided robust and incremental prognostic value in patients with AL amyloidosis.     

Significant association of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) but not of p53 polymorphisms with oral squamous cell carcinomas in Malaysia

Purpose  

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of HPV and p53 polymorphisms in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) affecting Malaysian population.     

血浆N末端B型利钠肽原水平评估肝硬化患者心功能改变及其与肝功能的关系

目的 心脏彩色多普勒超声监测肝硬化患者心脏结构和功能改变,检测肝硬化患者血浆N末端B型利钠肽原(NT-proBNP)水平,探讨NT-proBNP水平在评估心脏结构和功能改变及其与肝功能的关系. 方法 检测40例肝硬化患者及25例健康对照者的血浆NT-proBNP水平.肝硬化患者肝功能Child-Pugh分级,A级10例(A组),B级15例(B组),C级15例(C组),患者用心脏超声评估其心脏结构和功能改变.肝硬化组与对照组间比较用t检验,组间比较用单因素方差分析,相关性分析用Spearman相关检验.结果 肝硬化组NT-proBNP水平为(240.15±80.87)pg/ml,较对照组的(55.86±20.13)pg/ml明显增高,P＜0.05,差异有统计学意义;肝硬化患者不同肝功能分级组间NT-proBNP水平比较:A组和B组分别为(189.20±20.25) pg/ml、(202.34±31.20) pg/ml,与C组的(300.13±34.96) pg/ml比较明显降低,P＜0.05,差异有统计学意义;A组与B组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞ 0.05).肝硬化患者不同肝功能分级A、B、C组间,左室直径、右室直径、室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度、主动脉瓣环直径、左室射血分数、E峰、A峰、E/A比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);不同肝功能分级各组间LAs比较:A组和B组分别为(29.83±3.76) mm、(31.78±4.05) mm,均低于C组的(35.08±3.68) mm,P＜0.05,差异有统计学意义;A组与B组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞ 0.05).相关性分析发现NT-proBNP与LAs呈正相关(r=0.535,P＜0.05),与LVPW亦呈正相关(r=0.312,P＜0.05),而与LVd、IVS、EF和E/A无相关性. 结论 肝硬化患者血浆NT-proBNP水平增高,可反映肝硬化患者潜在的心功能不全,且可反映患者的肝功能状况.     

隐源性机化性肺炎18例临床分析

目的 分析我院经活检确认的18例隐源性机化性肺炎患者,总结其在临床、治疗及预后方面的特点.方法 收集我院2008年1月至2012年10月间经肺活检证实的18例隐源性机化性肺炎患者的所有资料,回顾性分析本组患者的临床资料、易患因素、影像学表现、病理、实验室检查等的特点.结果 18例患者平均年龄（59±11）岁.本组18例患者临床症状主要为咳嗽、咳痰、胸闷、气短等呼吸系统症状,少数有盗汗、乏力、消瘦等全身症状.影像学表现多种多样,可有斑片影、实变影、磨玻璃样变影等,最初发病多以斑片影为主.肺功能表现为轻度限制性通气功能障碍,弥散功能受损.14例（77.8％）患者治愈,4例（22.2％）患者复发,对糖皮质激素效果较好.结论 隐源性机化性肺炎容易误诊为肺部感染,诊断需要综合临床-影像-病理三方面分析,病理具有早期指导治疗作用,但是本病预后良好.