二醋吗啡依赖患者血细胞胎盘型谷胱甘肽S-转移酶mRNA的表达

定量RT-PCR检测33例二醋吗啡依赖患者和19例正常对照血细胞中的胎盘型谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST-π）表达水平,同时用银染法检测患者T细胞的核仁机化区（NOR)面积比（Ag-NOR）. 结果表明二醋吗啡依赖患者血细胞中GST-π表达水平明显高于正常对照,但与性别,吸毒时间和吸毒方式无关.     

Safety and efficacy of dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine (Artekin) for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Rwandan children

In Rwanda, amodiaquine+sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) is the current first-line treatment for malaria, introduced in 2001 as an interim strategy before the future deployment of an artemisinin-based combination treatment (ACT). Dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine (DHA-PQP) is a new co-formulated and well tolerated ACT increasingly used in Southeast Asia where it has proved to be highly effective against Plasmodium falciparum malaria. We tested the efficacy, safety and tolerability of DHA-PQP in children with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria. A randomised, open trial was carried out in 2003-2004. Seven hundred and sixty-two children aged 12-59 months with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria were randomly allocated to one of the following treatments: amodiaquine+artesunate; AQ+SP; or DHA-PQP. Patients were followed-up until Day 28 after treatment. Adverse events and clinical and parasitological outcomes were recorded. Children treated with DHA-PQP or AQ+AS had a significantly higher cure rate compared with those treated with amodiaquine+sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (95.2% and 92.0% vs. 84.7%, respectively). Parasite clearance was significantly faster in children treated with DHA-PQP and AQ+AS compared with those treated with amodiaquine+sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine. The frequency of adverse events was significantly lower in patients treated with DHA-PQP than in those treated with combinations containing amodiaquine. A 3-day treatment with DHA-PQP proved to be efficacious with a good safety and tolerability profile and could be a good candidate for the next first-line treatment.     

草分支杆菌注射液联合苄星青霉素治疗早期梅毒的疗效分析

目的:探讨草分支杆菌注射液联合苄星青霉素在早期梅毒治疗中的作用。方法:将80例早期梅毒患者分为治疗组(草分支杆菌注射液联合苄星青霉素)和对照组(单用苄星青霉素),观察时间6个月。结果:治疗3、6个月时治疗组快速血浆反应素试验(RPR)几何平均滴度低于对照组(P<0.05),治疗6个月治疗组RPR阴转率为40%,对照组为21.2%,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:草分支杆菌注射液辅助治疗早期梅毒可以增强苄星青霉素驱梅的疗效。     

系统性红斑狼疮并发肺动脉高压37例临床分析

目的:探讨系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)并肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hypertension,PAH)患者的临床特点及发病机制,方法:37例经彩色多普勒超声心动图诊断明确、资料完整的SLE合并PAH患者,对其临床症状、实验室指标、超声心动图特点、SLEDAI积分进行回顺性分析.结果:本组患者抗nRNP阳性、抗心磷脂抗体IgG异常、浆膜炎、SLEDAI评分和肺间质病变出现率均增高,与PAH的发生率成正相关结论:SLE是自身免疫性疾病中合并PAH较常见的疾病,对于出现雷诺现象、皮肤血管炎、抗nRNP阳性、抗心磷脂抗体IgG阳性以及浆膜炎和肺间质病变的SLE患者应警惕PAH的可能,彩色多普勒超声心动图及相关检查有利于早期诊断.     

伤湿止痛流浸膏的提取工艺研究

目的:优选伤湿止痛流浸膏的提取工艺。方法:采用正交试验法考察药材浸泡时间、煎煮时间、溶媒pH值、药液处理方法对提取工艺的影响。结果:确定最佳提取工艺为溶媒pH3~4的酸水,药材浸泡12h,煎煮6h,药液75%醇沉处理。结论:按优选的最佳提取工艺条件,以指标性成分士的宁的得率为指标,预测并验证试验结果满意。     

硫酰氟熏蒸4种媒介致死顺序与影响因素研究

目的研究硫酰氟对蚊、家蝇、蜚蠊和鼠熏蒸绝对致死顺序及温度、湿度等因素对熏蒸致死效果的影响,以指导实际应用。方法蚊、家蝇和蜚蠊每个浓度梯度选用50只供试成虫,小鼠、sD大鼠每个浓度梯度选用10只,熏蒸24h,进行连续观察,实时记录其死亡情况。固定硫酰氟的用量和熏蒸时间,调节环境温度、湿度,观察媒介的死亡情况。在相同的实验条件下,观察蚊、蜚蠊不同种致死量的差异。结果硫酰氟熏蒸蚊、家蝇、蜚蠊和鼠24h绝对致死顺序为：蚊（1．099g／m^3）〈家蝇（1．520g／m^3）〈蜚蠊（3．817g／m^3）〈小鼠（3．874g／m^3）〈大鼠（5．122g／m^3）。温度、湿度影响硫酰氟对4种媒介的熏蒸致死率。硫酰氟熏不同蚊种和不同蜚蠊种间致死量无明显差异。结论本研究结果对指导口岸处理集装箱个案化用药具有参考作用。     

拉萨市140例甲型H1N1流感确诊病例分析

目的:通过分析西藏自治区拉萨市140例甲型H1N1流感病例的诊治情况,总结防治措施,积累高原地区甲流患者的临床救治经验.方法:对2009年9月9日至12月20日西藏自治区人民医院收治的140例甲型H1N1流感病例进行回顾性分析.结果:所有病例都为本土病例.疫情的流行出现2个高峰,男78例,女62例,男女之比为1.26:1;年龄5个月～71岁,以20～29岁组最为多见,共有44例,占31.4%;职业分布以学生居多,占25%(56/140);民族分布中,汉族60例,藏族78例,回族2例;有症状的占总病例的94%(132/140),症状最多的是发热98.48%(130/132)、全身肌肉疼痛51.5%(68/132)、流涕36.36%(48/132)、咽痛30.3%(40/132)、头痛18.2%(24/132)、咳嗽16.66%(22/132)、乏力12.1%(16/132);有基础疾病的5例,其中高原红细胞增多症3例、高血压2例、过敏性鼻炎2例;9例甲型H1N1流感病例的发生有学校聚集现象:治疗上没有1例经抗病毒药物奥司他韦治疗.结论:在西藏地区人群对甲型H1N1流感普遍易感,以青壮年多见:根据流行病史、临床表现和实验室结果可作出甲型H1N1流感的明确诊断,采取切合实际的隔离治疗传染源、切断传播途径的措施能有效防控甲型H1N1流感的流行.轻症的甲型H1N1流感患者不需积极应用奥司他韦治疗,应用普通的抗病毒药物(抗病毒冲剂、利巴韦林)有效.     

Transient hand paresthesias in Champagne vineyard workers.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of hand paresthesias (HP) and their relationship with pruning activities. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 537 workers pruning grapevines in the region of Champagne. All workers completed a questionnaire about nocturnal HP and musculoskeletal pain during the preceding 12-month period. RESULTS: The 12-month prevalence of nocturnal HP and hand-wrist pain were 37 and 12%, respectively. HP, predominantly affecting the dominant hand, only began during the pruning period and ended after the pruning season in 90% of cases. HP were transient in most cases, with a mean duration of symptoms of 3.3 +/- 3.2 months. Risk factors associated with HP were: female gender (OR = 2.3 [1.3-3.0]), being overweight (OR = 1.6 [1.1-2.5]), payment on a piecework basis (OR = 2.0 [1.2-2.3]) and traditional blade sharpening method (OR = 1.7 [1.1-2.7]). HP were less frequent in employees who used electric pruning shears (OR = 0.5 [0.2-1.6], P = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS: The development of HP, which affected a third of employees, was different from HP observed in industrial workers since most vineyard workers recovered without medical treatment after the pruning season.