毛细管电泳非环糊精体系拆分手性药物的研究进展

据统计 ,目前所用药物 ,5 2 3种天然及半合成药物中手性药物有 5 17种 ,132 7种全合成药物中手性药物有 5 2 8种。人体中的受体和酶一般皆呈手征性 ,多有其立体选择性 ,与手性药物异构体的作用可能区别很大 ,从而导致手性药物对映异构体之间不同的药理、毒理作用及药物动力学过程。目前 ,部分国家的药物审批部门 ,虽允许以外消旋体形式申请新药上市 ,但要求分离对映体 ,分别进行毒理、药理实验。可以预见 ,以单一对映体形式上市将是手性药物的发展趋势。手性新药研制工作中 ,对映异构体之间药理学、毒理学、药效学及药动学差异的研究是极为…     

异搏定合用氨茶碱治疗肺心病急性期疗效观察

目的：观察异搏定合用氨茶碱的疗效。方法：全部病人在常规治疗基础上随机分为二组,观察组为异搏定合用氨茶碱静滴,对照组为单用氨茶碱。结果：观察组疗效明显优于对照组。结论：二药合用能相互弥补其心律作用的副作用,同时加强了扩张支气管及降低肺动脉压的作用。     

The value of lactate dehydrogenase serum levels as a prognostic and predictive factor for advanced pancreatic cancer patients receiving sorafenib

Although lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) serum levels, indirect markers of angiogenesis, are associated with a worse outcome in several tumours, their prognostic value is not defined in pancreatic cancer. Moreover, high levels are associated even with a lack of efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, contributing to explain negative results in clinical trials. We assessed the role of LDH in advanced pancreatic cancer receiving sorafenib.Seventy-one of 114 patients included in the randomised phase II trial MAPS (chemotherapy plus or not sorafenib) and with available serum LDH levels, were included in this analysis. Patients were categorized according to serum LDH levels (LDH ≤vs.> upper normal rate).A significant difference was found in progression free survival (PFS) and in overall survival (OS) between patients with LDH values under or above the cut-off (PFS: 5.2 vs. 2.7 months, p = 0.0287; OS: 10.7 vs. 5.9 months, p = 0.0021).After stratification according to LDH serum levels and sorafenib treatment, patients with low LDH serum levels treated with sorafenib showed an advantage in PFS (p = 0.05) and OS (p = 0.0012).LDH appears to be a reliable parameter to assess the prognosis of advanced pancreatic cancer patients, and it may be a predictive parameter to select patients candidate to receive sorafenib.     

静脉注射卡托普利和酚妥拉明治疗重症高血压病的比较

目的：比较静脉注射卡托普利与酚妥拉明对重症高血压病人的即时降压作用。方法：８４例重症高血压随机分成２组，治疗组５２例（男性３０例，女性２２例；年龄５６±ｓ１０ａ）用卡托普利２５ｍｇ溶于１０％葡萄糖２０ｍＬ中静脉注射，效果不佳，可加该药５０ｍｇ溶于１０％葡萄糖２５０ｍＬ中静脉滴注，于４ｈ内滴完。酚妥拉明组３２例（男性１９例，女性１３例；年龄５９±５ａ）用酚妥拉明同样方法稀释后用５ｍｇ静脉注射，效果不佳，可加该药１０ｍｇ静脉滴注。结果：２组用药１５，３０ｍｉｎ，１，２，４，６，８ｈ均有明显降压作用，（Ｐ均＜０．０１），卡托普利显效率８３％，总有效率９８％；酚妥拉明分别为５６％及９１％，组间比较，Ｐ均＜０．０５。结论：静脉注射卡托普利治疗重症高血压优于酚妥拉明     

子宫楔形切除38例临床分析

目的:探讨保留子宫动脉上行支子宫楔形切除术治疗子宫良性病变的疗效和安全性.方法:对38例子宫良性病变需子宫切除者进行保留子宫动脉上行支的子宫楔形切除术,监测手术出血量、手术时间、术后并发症,手术前后性激素水平测定,子宫大小,月经量等.结果:术后月经量明显减少,性激素水平无改变,提示此术式对卵巢功能无影响.结论:保留子宫动脉上行支的子宫楔形切除术是治疗子宫良性病变的较好手术方法.     

某高校医院合理用药健康教育调查分析

目的为大学生《合理用药健康教育》课程提供数据参考,同时为开展教师《健康教育大课堂》提供数据支持。方法以2018年5月期间来本院就诊的患者为研究对象,大学生201人,教师100人,结合对大学生开展的《合理用药健康教育》课程的药学部分,随机对其发放问卷调查,按问题类型进行统计分析。结果大学生年龄(18~30岁),教师年龄(30~60岁),在患者用药知识了解情况方面,两者基本无差异;在患者用药知识需求方面,两者有所差异。结论学生和教师在用药知识方面需求较高,今后健康教育应有针对性的进行。     

不同条件下硫酰氟对德国小蠊熏杀效果的研究

目的研究不同温度、湿度对硫酰氟熏蒸处理德国小蠊效果的影响。方法在密封模拟熏蒸箱内,根据均匀设计实验分组确定的实验条件,对德国小蠊熏蒸24 h观察死亡率。结果硫酰氟剂量、湿度和温度单因素和交互作用均对杀灭效果有影响;德国小蠊的死亡率随着温度、剂量的升高而升高,高湿度降低杀灭率。结论依据实验建立不同温度、湿度条件下硫酰氟现场熏蒸用量的计算模型,对熏蒸现场操作人员科学用药有指导作用。     

Occupational risk factors for radial tunnel syndrome in industrial workers

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate both nonoccupational and occupational factors associated with radial tunnel syndrome (RTS) among industrial workers in 3 large plants. METHODS: Twenty-one cases of RTS were compared with 21 referents matched for gender, age, and plant. RTS was associated with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in 9 cases. Past medical history, household activities, and ergonomic and organizational characteristics of the job were analyzed. RESULTS: The study found 3 occupational risk factors for RTS. Exertion of force of over 1 kg [odds ratio (OR) 9.1, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.4-56.9] more than 10 times per hour was the main biomechanical risk factor. Prolonged static load applied to the hand during work was strongly associated with RTS (OR 5.9, 95% CI 1.2-29.9). Work posture with the elbow fully extended (0-45 degrees) was associated with RTS (OR 4.9, 95% CI 1.0-25.0). Full extension of the elbow, associated with a twisted posture of the forearm, stressed the radial nerve at the elbow. However, personal activities, household chores, and sport and leisure activities were not associated with RTS. CONCLUSIONS: The study confirms that RTS occurs in workers performing hard manual labor that requires forceful and repetitive movements involving elbow extension and forearm prosupination.     

医疗保险道德风险的控制机制--市场供求关系的视角分析

医疗保险中防范道德风险的发生，必须建立起有效的控制机制。在医疗保险市场中，存在医方、患方和保方三个主体，三方可以形成不同的供求关系，相互联系和控制。三方的互相牵制同时也就控制了道德风险的发生。     

温度和湿度对硫酰氟熏蒸灭鼠效果的影响

目的观察温度和相对湿度对硫酰氟熏蒸灭鼠效果的影响。方法试验在模拟熏蒸箱内进行,均匀设计实验方案,通过单因素和多因素分析判断温度、湿度和剂量对硫酰氟熏蒸灭鼠效果的影响。结果单因素分析显示硫酰氟剂量和温度影响灭鼠效果,剂量从0．750g／m＾3增至0．892g／m＾3,鼠死亡率从30％升至70％;不同湿度（25％485％）鼠死亡率差异无统计学意义;均匀设计多因素分析显示相对湿度、剂量与小鼠的死亡率有关,以小鼠的死亡率为应变量,温度、相对湿度和剂量为自变量,进行二次型回归分析,得回归方程：P=-0．00839H＋1．03677D。结论硫酰氟熏蒸灭鼠效果好,在实际工作中,应根据湿度和温度变化科学调整熏蒸时的投药剂量。