Associations of pregnancy complications and neonatal characteristics with bipolar disorder in the offspring: Nationwide cohort and sibling-controlled studies

Objectives

To investigate associations of neonatal characteristics and pregnancy complications with bipolar disorder (BPD) in offspring.

Methods

We conducted a nationwide cohort study among 2,059,578 non-malformed singleton live-births in Sweden born 1983–2004. Using national registries with prospectively recorded information, we followed participants for a BPD diagnosis from 13 up to 34 years of age. We compared BPD risks between exposure categories using hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) from adjusted Cox models. We also conducted sibling-controlled analyses among 1,467,819 full siblings.

Results

There were 14,998 BPD diagnoses. Risk of BPD was 0.74% through 25 years of age. Very/extremely preterm birth (22 to 31 weeks) was related to increased BPD HRs in sibling-controlled analyses; compared with a gestational age of 37 weeks, adjusted HR (95% CI) for 31, 28, and 22 weeks were, respectively, 1.31 (0.99, 1.74), 2.09 (1.15, 3.79), and 5.74 (1.15, 28.63). Spontaneous but not medically indicated very/extremely preterm birth was associated with increased risk. Compared with vaginal birth, caesarean section birth was associated with 1.20 (1.08, 1.33) and 1.58 (1.06, 2.36) times higher BPD risk in general and sibling cohorts, respectively. Small-for-gestational age (SGA) birth was related to increased BPD HRs in general cohort and sibling analyses (HRs [95% CI] were 1.22 [1.06, 1.39] and 1.68 [1.13, 2.50], respectively); only term SGA was associated with increased risk. Head circumference-for-gestational age, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and placental abruption were not associated with BPD.

Conclusions

Very/extremely preterm birth, caesarean birth, and SGA are related to BPD incidence.     

HPLC β-环糊精手性流动相添加剂的研究V.甲基β-环糊精动态覆盖手性色谱固定相模型的提出

在关于环糊精在色谱固定相吸附研究和在流动相中与对映体分子手性选择性包合研究的前期工作的基础上,本文提出了一个新的基于环糊精手性选择性包合机理的动态覆盖手性固定相色谱容量因子的数学模型。此模型除可描述环糊精动态覆盖手性固定相的色谱行为外,还可作为环糊精手性固定相及流动相添加剂的通用数学模型。     

Über die pharmakologische Wirkung von Äthylenoxyd

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

A short- and long-term follow-up study of intersphincteric NASHA Dx implants for fecal incontinence

Techniques in Coloproctology - The bulking agent NASHA Dx injected into the submucosal layer is effective in the treatment of fecal incontinence (FI) at short-and medium-term follow-up but efficacy...     

A validated method for the quantification of IOX-2, a potent prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor in equine urine and plasma using liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry

IOX-2 is a potent inhibitor of enzyme prolyl hydroxylases-2 (PHD) that plays a critical role in regulating hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) abundance and oxygen homeostasis. Federation for Equestrian Sports has listed HIF activators as prohibited substances to prevent their usage in doping. Consequently, it became essential to develop adequate knowledge and testing methods to detect it in equine sports drug testing samples. The validated method utilizes ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry in order to detect extremely low concentration of the analyte present in both matrices. Confirmation for the presence of the analyte was achieved by comparing ion ratios, retention time, and accurate mass. Method linear range for plasma was between 0.25 to 100 ng/ml, and limit of detection (LOD) was 0.075 ng/ml. The linear range for urine was 0.125 to 100 ng/ml, and LOD was 0.025 ng/ml. Intraday precision at 0.5, 10, and 50 ng/ml was between 4.0% and 9.7% for plasma and 4.2% and 10.4% for urine. Accuracy at 0.5, 10, and 50 ng/ml was between 91% and 94% for plasma and 99% and 103% for urine. Elimination profile of IOX-2 in equine plasma and urine was carried out using the developed method in which two horses were intravenously administered IOX-2 and samples were collected. Metabolic profile in plasma and urine was investigated. IOX-2 was detected for a minimum of 54 and 151 h of post administration in plasma and urine, respectively, thereby providing a valuable tool for evaluating its misuse in equine racing.     

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of inferior vena caval thrombus associated with metastasis to the kidney

The computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings in 2 cases of inferior vena caval thrombus associated with metastases to the kidney are presented. In both cases, the radiologic findings were suggestive of renal cell carcinoma. Recognition that metastases to the kidney can be associated with inferior vena caval thrombus broadens the differential diagnosis in a patient with a renal mass, an inferior vena caval filling defect, and a known primary malignancy, potentially altering the diagnostic approach.