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291.
Jill Macleod Clark PhD BSc RGN Jill Maben MSc BA RGN Karen Jones BA RHV RGN 《Journal of advanced nursing》1997,26(1):161-168
This is the first of two papers which address aspects of the findings of a large scale study commissioned by the English National Board which set out to examine the impact of Project 2000 on perceptions of the philosophy and practice of nursing. The findings presented here suggest that there have been fundamental shifts in perceptions of the nature and discipline of nursing. Students and diplomates of the course perceive themselves as knowledgeable doers, with their practice well grounded in theory and research. They value the interpersonal skills teaching and place the patient firmly at the centre of care delivery, viewing the patient holistically and being prepared to be fierce patient advocates where necessary. It is difficult to determine the extent to which these shifts can be attributed to the Project 2000 course, although the Project 2000 approach to education appears to be an important factor. 相似文献
292.
E.K. Lavu FRCPA M. Nelson M.Sc PhD H.J. Popp AAIMS BA J. Gibson FRCP FRCPA PhD H. Kronenberg DCP FRCP FRCPA FRCPath H. Pearson FAIMS A. Child FRCOG 《The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology》1997,37(2):180-183
Summary: regnant women who attended antenatal clinics at King George V Hospital, the Birth Centre or were referred by obstetricians from February to July. 1996 were screened for the platelet antigen HPA-la by flow cytometry. Forty out of 2300 (1.7%) were found to be negative for this antigen . Of the 28 women followed throughout their pregnancy, none developed antibody to HPA-la. Platelet counts performed on samples from 17 babies born to 17 of these mothers were all normal. This study proves the simplicity and rapidity of flow cytometry for platelet antigen screening. The results were comparable with the Solid Phase Red Cell Adherence (SPRCA) method and with PCR. The lack of a plentiful supply of specific antibody and the rarity of fetomaternai alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FMAIT) argue against the introduction of routine screening for maternal HPA-la status at the present time. 相似文献
293.
Dawn Stacey RN MScN CON Annette M. O'Connor RN PhD † Cathy DeGrasse RN MScN ‡ Shailendra Verma MD FRCP § 《Health expectations》2003,6(1):3-18
Objective To develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a breast cancer prevention decision aid for women aged 50 and older at higher risk of breast cancer. Design Pre‐test–post‐test study using decision aid alone and in combination with counselling. Setting Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Clinic. Participants Twenty‐seven women aged 50–69 with 1.66% or higher 5‐year risk of breast cancer. Intervention Self‐administered breast cancer prevention decision aid. Main outcome measures Acceptability; decisional conflict; knowledge; realistic expectations; choice predisposition; intention to improve life‐style practices; psychological distress; and satisfaction with preparation for consultation. Results The decision aid alone, or in combination with counselling, decreased some dimensions of decisional conflict, increased knowledge (P < 0.01), and created more realistic expectations (P < 0.01). The aid in combination with counselling, significantly reduced decisional conflict (P < 0.01) and psychological distress (P < 0.02), helped the uncertain become certain (P < 0.02), and increased intentions to adopt healthier life‐style practices (P < 0.03). Women rated the aid as acceptable, and both women and practitioners were satisfied with the effect it had on the counselling session. Conclusion The decision aid shows promise as a useful decision support tool. Further research should compare the effect of the decision aid in combination with counselling to counselling alone. 相似文献
294.
295.
Rosendo A Rodriguez MD PhD Garry Cornel FRCS Lloyd Semelhago MD William M Splinter MD Nihal A Weerasena FRCS 《The Annals of thoracic surgery》1997,64(6):1820-1822
A pediatric cardiac case of transient obstruction of the superior vena cava by the venous cannula before cardiopulmonary bypass is presented. With venous obstruction and increase in central venous pressure, reduced cerebral blood flow velocities and absence of diastolic Doppler flow were detected. This was followed by regional cerebral venous oxygen desaturation and global electroencephalographic slowing. Reposition of the venous cannula led to the recovery of these physiologic indicators and a noncomplicated clinical outcome. 相似文献
296.
Comparison of p53 expression in proximal and distal gastric cancer: Histopathologic correlation and prognostic significance 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Huihuan Tang MD Shuichi Hokita MD PhD Xiangming Che MD Masamichi Baba MD PhD Kuniaki Aridome MD PhD Fumio Kijima MD Gen Tanabe MD PhD Sonshin Takao MD PhD Dr. Takashi Aikou MD PhD 《Annals of surgical oncology》1997,4(6):470-474
Background: The overexpression of p53 has been found to be correlated with prognosis of some carcinomas, including gastric cancer, but
no studies have reported on its relationship to the location of gastric cancer. In the present study, we compared the p53
expression of proximal and distal gastric cancer concerning histopathology and prognosis.
Methods: A total of 170 tumors in the patients with proximal (80 cases) and distal (90 cases) gastric cancer were studied by immunohistochemical
methods.
Results: p53 immunopositivity was detected in 28.8% of all tumors. The p53-positive expression in proximal gastric cancer was higher
than in distal gastric cancer (38.8% vs. 20.0%, p<0.05). A 5-year survival analysis showed that there is no significant difference
between tumors that are p53 positive and p53 negative. No correlation was found between p53 expression and histopathology
of gastric cancer.
Conclusion: p53 nuclear staining is not useful as a prognostic indicator or as a parameter in gastric cancer. 相似文献
297.
Dr. Seema A. Khan MD Nick J. Gonchoroff DrPH Linda E. Miller PhD 《Annals of surgical oncology》1997,4(6):462-469
Background: Many studies have addressed the effect of the timing of surgery for breast cancer relative to menstrual cycle phase, with
conflicting results. Explanations for the possibility that survival could be altered by the appropriate timing of breast cancer
surgery in humans remain speculative.
Methods: We examined the expression of three estrogen related proteins (c-erbB-2, cathepsin D, pS2) in the breast tumors from 69 premenopausal women sampled in different phases of the menstrual cycle.
Data on S-phase fraction and hormone receptor expression were also analyzed. Immunohistochemical assays were used to measure
the proteins of interest. S-phase fraction was determined by flow cytometry. Analyses were performed based on fraction of
cells staining positive for the protein, density of stain, and a histoscore that combined both fraction of positive cells
and density.
Results: We found no differences in c-erbB-2, cathepsin D, hormone receptor, or S-phase levels in tumors sampled in the follicular versus luteal phase, or perimenstrual
versus periovulatory phase. The exception was pS2, which was expressed at greater levels during the luteal than during the
follicular phase of the cycle (p<0.01); but there was no difference in pS2 expression when the patients were classified as
periovulatory versus perimenstrual.
Conclusions: Our findings do not support a variation in c-erbB-2, cathepsin D, S-phase fraction, or receptor expression as an explanation for the differences in breast cancer prognosis
when surgery is timed by menstrual cycle phase. The finding that pS2 (an indicator of hormone sensitivity, and possibly better
prognosis) is expressed at higher levels in tumor samples during the luteal phase suggests that the biologic profile of breast
tumors may vary with the menstrual cycle and that these variations deserve further study. 相似文献
298.
Kären M. Landenburger RN PhD 《Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN / NAACOG》1998,27(6):700-706
The process of leaving an abusive relationship involves repeated attempts at leaving and returning and is influenced by a number of individual characteristics and contextual factors. Leaving is an initial step in recovering from an abusive relationship, a process that also includes struggling for survival, grieving, and searching for the meaning of the experience. Nurses must recognize that recovering from an abusive relationship can be a lifelong process, and health care providers have unique opportunities to support a woman's recovery. 相似文献
299.
C McKenzie BAppSc P Megaw BAppSc I Morgan PhD MK Boelen PhD 《Clinical & experimental ophthalmology》1997,25(4):79-81
Deprivation of form vision by the fitting of translucent occluders suppressed the diurnal cycling of enkephalinergic amacrine cells (the ENSLI amacrine cells), in the chicken. Daily periods of normal vision or enforcing temporal contrast using strobe lighting appeared to restore normal functioning of the ENSLI cells. These results suggest that the ENSLI cells are involved in retinal circuits that assess the quality of the visual image and control eye growth. 相似文献
300.
Sequence-specific DNA binding of individual cut repeats of the human CCAAT displacement/cut homeodomain protein. 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14 下载免费PDF全文
B Aufiero E J Neufeld S H Orkin 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1994,91(16):7757-7761
CCAAT displacement protein (CDP), a nuclear protein of 180-190 kDa, contains a triplicated motif, the cut domain, similar (80-90% conserved) to three repeats of 60-65 amino acids first identified in Drosophila cut, a homeo-domain protein involved in cell-fate decisions in development. Cut repeats bind DNA and exhibit subtle differences in target-site recognition. DNA sequences specifically bound by cut repeats were isolated by PCR-mediated DNA target-site selection. Sequences selected for cut repeat 2 and 3 (CR2 and CR3) binding are A+T-rich and favor an ATA motif with similar, but not identical, flanking base preferences. CR2 and CR3 discriminate among similar target sequences. CR1, which is more divergent from CR2 and CR3, displays the most restricted pattern of DNA sequence recognition. Methylation interference analysis demonstrates different protein-DNA contacts for CR1 and CR3 binding to a target sequence. Thus, CDP/cut is a complex protein whose DNA-binding properties reflect the combinatorial interaction of four domains (three cut repeats and one homeodomain) with target DNA sequences. 相似文献