生物材料人工气管的设计与动物实验研究

目的：通过筛选适宜的生物材料和选用特殊的成型工艺自行研制新型人工气管假体，探讨其用于长段气管缺损重建的可行性。方法：根据理想化气管替代物的要求，设计出I型人工气管：由聚丙烯单丝、聚乙丙交酯纤维纺织成直管状网管，内壁涂以聚氨酯薄膜和胶原蛋白，涂层材料不能透过外壁网孔，外壁采用胶原蛋白-羟基磷灰石多孔状海绵覆盖。作为对照的II型人工气管，网管结构与I型相同，内外壁均涂以聚氨酯。分别将I型、II型人工气管用于实验组（8只）和对照组（4只）动物，构建犬颈部气管置换与重建的动物模型。结果：实验组犬术后人工气管假体能迅速被宿主气管周围组织包绕而达到生物学固定，假体在位良好，吻合口肉芽生长不明显；假体内腔可见不规则黏膜上皮生长，色较苍白，未铺覆内腔全长；包绕假体的周围组织中可扪及散在的大小不等的硬质骨性结构；动物存活时间长。而对照组术后均出现不同程度的假体松脱现象，并发生局部漏气、感染及狭窄等并发症。结论：该生物材料人工气管可用于长段气管置换重建手术，具有一定的开发利用价值和临床应用前景。     

伊曲康唑联合吡美莫司治疗头面部脂溢性皮炎的效果观察及其对皮肤生理参数和炎性因子水平的影响

目的：观察伊曲康唑联合吡美莫司治疗头面部脂溢性皮炎伴糠孢子菌感染的疗效及其对皮肤生理参数和炎性因子水平的影响。方法将68例脂溢性皮炎伴糠孢子菌感染患者随机分为对照组和研究组,每组34例。对照组患者给予伊曲康唑胶囊口服,并外用2％酮康唑洗剂,疗程4周;研究组患者在对照组治疗的基础上加用1％吡美莫司乳膏外用,疗程4周。比较两组患者的临床疗效、皮肤生理参数和炎性因子水平的变化。结果研究组患者的有效率为88．24％,高于对照组的61．76％（P＜0．05）;研究组的真菌镜检阴性率高于对照组,复发率低于对照组（P＜0．05）;但两组患者不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。治疗前两组患者皮肤含水量、白介素-10、经表皮失水量、皮脂分泌率、γ-干扰素和肿瘤坏死因子-α水平差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）,治疗后,观察组上述指标优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。两组患者治疗后皮质醇水平、pH值比较无差异（P＞0．05）。结论伊曲康唑联合吡美莫司可显著提高头面部脂溢性皮炎伴糠孢子菌感染的治疗效果,增加皮肤含水量,降低油脂分泌和炎性因子水平。     

急性脑血管病与心肌酶谱改变相关性分析

目的探讨急性脑血管病与心肌酶谱改变相关性.方法对206例急性脑血管患者的以下情况进行回顾性调查:血清心肌酶谱,性别,年龄,神志,偏瘫等级,既往有无冠心病史,中医病理因素风、火、痰、瘀、虚,脑出血,脑梗塞,心电图改变,有无脑水肿、肺部感染、消化道出血等严重并发症,预后;并将调研资料经数量化处理输入计算机,应用统计学处理软件SPSS 11.0,进行急性脑血管病诸因素与血清心肌酶谱异常的相关性分析.结果急性脑血管病患者血清心肌酶升高与脑出血呈正相关(r=0.185,P<0.05),与中医病理因素火热呈正相关(r=0.215,P<0.05),与意识障碍呈显著性正相关(r=0.256,P<0.001),与并发症的发生呈显著性正相关(r=0.251,P<0.001),与死亡呈显著性正相关(r=0.312,P<0.001),与中医病理因素风呈负相关(r=-0.139,P<0.05),与中医病理因素瘀呈负相关(r=-0.174,P<0.05),与年龄、偏瘫等级、既往有无冠心病史及中医病理因素痰、虚以及脑梗塞、心电图改变无相关.结论急性脑血管病尤其脑出血伴意识障碍患者血清心肌酶谱容易升高且预后较差.     

Smad7基因沉默对细胞增殖的影响

TGF—β是一种多功能的细胞因子,可调节细胞的分化、增殖和凋亡。它对多种上皮细胞尤其是支气管上皮细胞的生长、增殖有很强的抑制作用。Smad7作为TGF—β信号转导通路的抑制分子,可以抑制TGF—β信号在胞浆内的传导。我们以永生化人支气管上皮细胞BEP2D,及恶性转化的BERP35T2细胞为基础所做的研究表明：Smad7基因的表达随细胞恶性度增高而增高,     

黄芪甲苷预处理对无血清及缺氧诱导的骨髓间充质干细胞 TNF-α、TGF-β1基因表达的影响

目的：观察黄芪甲苷预处理对无血清及缺氧诱导的骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）凋亡相关因子的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法采用密度梯度离心法分离培养大鼠 MSCs,通过药物细胞毒性试验检测黄芪甲苷对 MSCs 细胞活性的影响,分别以40、80、160μg / mL 的黄芪甲苷预处理 MSCs 24 h,后进行无血清及缺氧培养24 h,RT-PCR 法检测细胞中 TNF-α、TGF-β1的基因表达情况。结果密度梯度离心法可有效分离大鼠MSCs;各浓度黄芪甲苷对 MSCs 细胞活力均无影响;无血清及缺氧诱导可下调 TGF-β1的基因表达;160μg / mL黄芪甲苷组可上调 TGF-β1的基因表达。结论无血清及缺氧诱导的 MSCs 凋亡可能是由于缺氧及生长因子匮乏的刺激所引起的,黄芪甲苷抑制无血清及缺氧诱导的 MSCs 凋亡的作用可能是通过提高 MSCs 在缺血缺氧环境下合成生长因子的能力实现的。     

重组E.coli. LLO/OVA明显增强小鼠CD11c细胞活性及抗肿瘤免疫

目的 探讨重组E.coli. LLO/OVA 诱导C57BL/6小鼠机体免疫的途径,观察其免疫后小鼠机体抑制B16-OVA黑色素瘤的效果.方法 磁珠分离E.coli. LLO/OVA及E.coli. OVA免疫后小鼠脾脏CD11c、CD4 和CD8 T细胞并检测CD11c细胞诱导同源CD4 和CD8 T增殖水平和细胞因子分泌程度;流式细胞检测小鼠脾脏内肿瘤抗原OVA257-264 SIINFEKL特异的细胞毒T细胞含量.比较两种E.coli. 免疫后,恶性黑色素瘤B16-OVA在小鼠肺内形成瘤结节的数量.结果 与E.coli. OVA相比, E.coli. LLO/OVA免疫后小鼠脾脏CD11c细胞诱导同源CD4 T细胞增殖作用增强、IL-2分泌增高;同时诱导CD8 T细胞增殖和IFN-γ分泌的作用也明显增强;OVA257-264 SIINFEKL特异的CD8 T细胞含量也明显增高;小鼠肺内形成B16-OVA瘤结节平均数明显减少. 结论 E.coli. LLO/OVA有效地诱导小鼠CD11c细胞活化,增强其对CD4 T细胞增殖和IL-2分泌以及对CD8 T细胞增殖、IFN-γ分泌的作用,诱导了更多的OVA特异的CD8 T细胞,使机体产生了更强的抗肿瘤免疫.     

刺壳花椒 HPLC 指纹图谱的研究

目的 采用高效液相色谱法研究并建立了产于张家界的刺壳花椒药材的指纹图谱。方法 Diamonsil C₁₈ 色谱柱 (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm),乙腈-水流动相系统梯度洗脱,体积流量 1.0 mL/min,检测波长 278 nm。结果 对所采集的10批刺壳花椒药材进行了测定,建立了刺壳花椒的指纹图谱,共有11个共有峰。结论 HPLC 法色谱指纹图谱分析技术可用于刺壳花椒药材质量的控制。     

穴位埋线对血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力和Bcl-2表达的影响

目的: 探讨穴位埋线对血管性痴呆(VD)大鼠学习记忆的影响及可能的机制.方法: 改良Pulsinelli's四血管阻断法建立血管性痴呆大鼠模型.造模后给予穴位埋线,用水迷宫检测学习记忆能力,免疫组织化学观察海马Bcl-2的表达.结果: 穴位埋线后VD大鼠学习记忆能力明显提高,海马齿状回Bcl-2表达增强.结论: 穴位埋线改善VD大鼠的学习记忆能力,可能与上调海马Bcl-2的表达、保护缺血后海马神经元有关.     

Reduction of RhoC is involved in the decreased migration of neural stem/precursor cells

OBJECTIVE Alzheimer′s disease(AD) is mainly characterized by a progressive loss of neurons and the deposition of beta-amyloid peptides(Aβ).It was demonstrated that transplanted and endogenous neural stem cells or neural precursor cells can survive,migrate,and differentiate into neurons.Previously we found that Aβ42 could disturb the migratory ability of neural stem/precursor cells.We therefore hypothesized that Aβ42 may affect some important proteins through Rho pathway and result in the decreased migration of neural stem/precursor cells.METHODS AND RESULTS We applied siRNA technology to knock down the expression of RhoC in neural stem/precursor cells and found that the expression of RhoC was down-regulated;Trans well assay was used to measure the migratory ability of the neural stem/precursor cells and the result showed that the migratory ability was disturbed when the expression of RhoC was down-regulated;WRW4 was used for inhibiting the effects of the Aβ42 through the FPRL1.CONCLUSION The reduction of RhoC was involved in the decreased migration of neural stem cells.     

Common features of anaphylaxis in children

ObjectiveWe aimed to establish the characteristics of anaphylaxis in childhood.MethodsForty-four patients who had experienced anaphylaxis in a period of 10 years (from 1999 to 2009), were included in the study. Parameters analysed were age, gender, concomitant allergic disease, trigger, setting, clinical symptoms, treatment, prognosis and prophylaxis.ResultsThe total numbers of anaphylaxis cases were 44 in a ten-year period. The ages of patients ranged from 3 to 14 years (11.50 ± 3.87 years) and the majority were male. 33 of the patients (75%) had a concomitant allergic disease. The trigger was determined in 93.2% of the cases, being most frequent: food (27.3%), and SIT (25%), followed by bee sting, medications and others. Respiratory (95.5%), dermatological (90.9%), cardiovascular (20.5%), neuropsychiatric (25%), and gastrointestinal (11.4%) symptoms were seen most frequently. For anaphylaxis triggered by food, the duration of anaphylactic episode was significantly longer (p < 0.05). No biphasic reaction was observed during these attacks. Of our patients, only one developed respiratory failure and cardiac arrest due to SIT, and intensive care support was required.DiscussionAs a trigger for anaphylaxis, the frequency of SIT is so high that it cannot be described by the study group including patients who were followed up in an outpatient allergy clinic.