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排序方式: 共有1926条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Emilio Bria MD Federica Cuppone MD Diana Giannarelli PhD Michele Milella MD Enzo Maria Ruggeri MD Isabella Sperduti PhD Paola Pinnarò MD Edmondo Terzoli MD Francesco Cognetti MD Paolo Carlini MD 《Cancer》2009,115(15):3446-3456
BACKGROUND:
To quantify the magnitude of benefit of the addition of hormone treatment (HT) to exclusive radiotherapy for locally advanced prostate cancer, a literature‐based meta‐analysis was conducted.METHODS:
Event‐based relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived through a random‐effect model. Differences in primary (biochemical failure and clinical progression‐free survival) and secondary outcomes (cancer‐specific survival, overall survival [OS], recurrence patterns, and toxicity) were explored. Absolute differences and numbers of patients needed to treat (NNT) were calculated. A heterogeneity test, a metaregression analysis with clinical predictors of outcome, and a correlation analysis for surrogate endpoints were also performed.RESULTS:
Seven trials (4387 patients) were gathered. Hormone suppression significantly decreased both biochemical failure (RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.70‐0.82; P < .0001) and clinical progression‐free survival (RR, 0.81; 95% CI 0.71‐0.93; P = .002), with absolute differences of 10% and 7.7%, respectively, which translates into 10 and 13 NNT. cancer‐specific survival (RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.69‐0.83; P < .0001) and OS (RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.80‐0.93; P < .0001) were also significantly improved by the addition of HT, without significant heterogeneity, with absolute differences of 5.5% and 4.9%, respectively, which translates into 18 and 20 NNT. Local and distant relapse were significantly decreased by HT, by 36% and 28%, respectively, and no significant differences in toxicity were found. Primary and secondary efficacy outcomes were significantly correlated.CONCLUSIONS:
Hormone suppression plus radiotherapy significantly decreases recurrence and mortality of patients with localized prostate cancer, without affecting toxicity. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society. 相似文献22.
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Use of short implants (6 mm) in a single‐tooth replacement: a 5‐year follow‐up prospective randomized controlled multicenter clinical study
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Alessandro Alabastri Salvatore Tuccio Andrea Giugni Andrea Toma Carlo Liberale Gobind Das Francesco De Angelis Enzo Di Fabrizio Remo Proietti Zaccaria 《Materials》2013,6(11):4879-4910
In this paper, we review the principal theoretical models through which the dielectric function of metals can be described. Starting from the Drude assumptions for intraband transitions, we show how this model can be improved by including interband absorption and temperature effect in the damping coefficients. Electronic scattering processes are described and included in the dielectric function, showing their role in determining plasmon lifetime at resonance. Relationships among permittivity, electric conductivity and refractive index are examined. Finally, a temperature dependent permittivity model is presented and is employed to predict temperature and non-linear field intensity dependence on commonly used plasmonic geometries, such as nanospheres. 相似文献
27.
Spagnolo P Renzoni EA Wells AU Sato H Grutters JC Sestini P Abdallah A Gramiccioni E Ruven HJ du Bois RM Welsh KI 《American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine》2003,168(10):1162-1166
Sarcoidosis is thought to result from the interaction between an unknown environmental antigenic trigger and the host's genetic susceptibility. We hypothesized that sarcoidosis, or one of the disease subsets, could be associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms of C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) gene. Eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms in CCR2 were studied in a total of 304 Dutch individuals (90 non-L?fgren sarcoidosis, 47 L?fgren's syndrome, 167 control subjects). From the investigated CCR2 polymorphisms, nine haplotypes were deduced (haplotypes 1-9). In patients with L?fgren's syndrome, a strongly significant increase in the frequency of CCR2-haplotype 2, which includes four unique alleles (A at nucleotide position -6752, A at 3,000, T at 3,547, and T at 4,385), was observed compared with control subjects (74% vs. 38% respectively, p < 0.0001), whereas no difference was found between non-L?fgren sarcoidosis and control subjects (both 38%). The association between CCR2-haplotype 2 carriage frequency and L?fgren's syndrome (odds ratio, 4.4; p < 0.0001) remained significant after adjustment for human leukocyte antigen haplotype DRB1*0301-DQB1*0201 (odds ratio, 11.5; p < 0.0001) and female sex (odds ratio, 3.2; p = 0.003), two known risk factors for L?fgren's syndrome. In conclusion, this report describes a strong association between CCR2-haplotype 2 and L?fgren's syndrome. Further studies are needed to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this association. 相似文献
28.
Hwa T Marinari E Sneppen K Tang LH 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2003,100(8):4411-4416
We study the thermodynamic and dynamic behaviors of twist-induced denaturation bubbles in a long, stretched random sequence of DNA. The small bubbles associated with weak twist are delocalized. Above a threshold torque, the bubbles of several tens of bases or larger become preferentially localized to AT-rich segments. In the localized regime, the bubbles exhibit "aging" and move around subdiffusively with continuously varying dynamic exponents. These properties are derived by using results of large-deviation theory together with scaling arguments and are verified by Monte Carlo simulations. 相似文献
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Digestive Diseases and Sciences - 相似文献