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941.
Long-term treatment with the immunomodulator diacetyl-splenopentin reduces the severity of chronic joint inflammation and cartilage destruction in rabbits with antigen-induced arthritis. The level of specific antibodies as well as specific and non-specific cell-mediated immune reactivities including the proliferative response of spleen lymphocytes to cartilage proteoglycans in treated animals are lower than in untreated arthritic rabbits. Moreover, suppressor cell activity, which normally decreases during the early phase of inflammation, is enhanced and hyperreactive helper cell potential is reduced. These findings suggest that treatment with diacetyl-splenopentin normalizes the immune regulation, which is disturbed in the early phase of inflammation. This might result in a depression of the hyperreactive immune system including the autoimmunity developed against cartilage. Lowered immune reactivity in the joint in turn reduces the severity of chronic joint inflammation.Preliminary results were presented at the 6th Halle Summer Colloquium on Modulation, Mediation and Inhibition of Inflammation (H. Bekemeier and R. Hirschelmann, eds.). Wiss. Beitr. Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg 1987/7. Halle (Saale) 1987. 相似文献
942.
Summary The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between threshold points for heart rate (
) and blood lactate (Th1a) as determined by two objective mathematical models. The models used were the mono-segmental exponential (EXP) model of Hughson et al. and the log-log (LOG) model of Beaver et al. Inter-correlations of these threshold points and correlations with performance were also studied. Seventeen elite runners (mean, SD = 27.5, 6.5 years; 1.73, 0.05 m; 63.8, 7.3 kg; and maximum oxygen consumption of 67.8, 3.7 ml · kg–1 · min–1) performed two maximal multistage running field tests on a 183.9-m indoor track with inclined turns. The initial speed of 9 km · h–1 (2.5 m · s–1) was increased by 0.5 km · h–1 (0.14 m · s–1) every lap for thef
c test and by 1 km · h–1 (0.28 m · s–1) every 4 min for the la test. After fitting the la or thef
c data to the two mathematical models, the threshold speed was assessed in the LOG model from the intersection of the two linear segments (LOG-1a; LOG-f
c) and in the EXP model from a tangent point (TI-1a; TI-f
c). Th1a and
speeds computed with the two models were significantly different (P<0.001) and poorly correlated (LOG-1a vs LOG-f
c:r=0.36, TI-1a vs TI-f
c:r=0.13). In general,
were less well correlated with performance than Th1a. With two different objective mathematical models, this study has shown significant differences and poor correlations between Th1a and
. Thus thef
c inflection point with Conconi's protocol is a poor indicator of the la breakpoint with a conventional multistage protocol and a weaker indicator of running performance. 相似文献
943.
The terms "postmarketing surveillance" or "human phase IV studies" are applied to all those examinations which are performed with a drug following its registration. The principles, methods of these examinations are discussed on the basis of international experiences. The authors also give some examples from Hungarian practice referring to this subject. They consider postmarketing examinations to be as important as the clinical pharmacological examinations preceding the introduction of a drug. The usefulness, role of a drug in the therapy may be definitely determined on the basis of the results of these studies. 相似文献
944.
J D Tissot F Clément J A Schifferli P C Frei D F Hochstrasser P Schneider 《American journal of hematology》1992,40(3):171-175
High-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DGE) was used to analyse plasma samples and partially purified cold agglutinins (CA) obtained from two selected patients. Both presented an acute hemolytic anemia with CA of high thermal amplitude, normal immunoglobulin levels, no detectable paraproteinemia, and no clinical evidence of a malignant B-cell disorder. The electrophoretograms of their plasma showed evident alternations of the "normal" protein profile, which were directly related to hemolysis (absence of the spots of haptoglobin and in one case of those of hemopexin), but no monoclonal gammopathy. The electrophoretograms of their purified CA revealed two clearly different spot patterns respectively corresponding to a monoclonal IgM and to polyclonal IgM. These results show that the clonality of CA associated with hemolytic anemia can be easily determined by 2-DGE. This technique may be very useful to discriminate chronic cold agglutinin disease in the early phase from "parainfectious" CA. 相似文献
945.
J P Catonné 《Annales médico-psychologiques》1992,150(10):705-719
The Greek physicians of the fourth century B.C. painstakingly described a number of symptoms that they thought were caused by migrations of a restless uterus, said "wandering womb". According to this concept, we can use the term "hysteria", despite the fact that the noun itself never appears in any of the Hippocratic texts. We can determine its origin as being in ancient Egypt from the medical writings of the Egyptian papyri. In the same way, the therapy is mainly of Egyptian origin, using a combination of recipes to make the moving womb return to its proper place in the body cavity. However, we can also identify the rationality of the Greeks, in particular as regards mechanical physiopathology. Hippocratic authors are closely connected with presocratical physics, and manifest a distinct break with magic and religion. Furthermore, they claim that hysteria may result from prolonged sexual continence, an opinion which was to influence medical history for over two thousand years. 相似文献
946.
We have studied the role of electrical activity in the elimination of axonal targeting errors, which is a normal process in brain development. The experiments were focused on the isthmo-optic nucleus (ION), which, in adults, projects in topographical order on the contralateral retina. During embryogenesis, however, a few isthmo-optic neurons project to the ipsilateral retina, and many project to topographically inappropriate parts of the contralateral one; both kinds of targeting error are known to be eliminated by the deaths of the parent neurons. We injected tetrodotoxin (TTX) intraocularly at embryonic days 13 and 15 and, on the latter, applied a retrograde label to the retina of the same eye. Embryos were fixed at embryonic day 17. In some embryos, the label was a peripherally placed fleck of the carbocyanine dye "diI"; the resulting retrogradely labeled neurons in the contralateral ION were much more widely scattered in the TTX-injected embryos than in controls (errors in topography). In other embryos, the label was a solution of rhodamine-B-isothiocyanate (RITC) injected into the vitreous body; this yielded several ipsilaterally labeled isthmo-optic neurons in the TTX-injected embryos, but virtually none in the controls. The numbers of both kinds of aberrantly projecting neuron approached those previously reported near the beginning of the ION's period of neuronal death. We conclude that electrical activity plays an important role in the elimination of axonal targeting errors in the chick embryo's isthmo-optic system. 相似文献
947.
J. L. Adrien C. Barthélémy A. Perrot S. Roux P. Lenoir L. Hameury D. Sauvage 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》1992,22(3):375-394
The Infant Behavioral Summarized Evaluation (IBSE) is a rating scale adapted from the Behavioral Summarized Evaluation (BSE) and specifically related to the assessment of behaviors of young children having autistic disorders. Content validity and reliability studies described in the paper were made from behavior ratings of videotapes for 89 children aged from 6 to 48 months. Results show a significant group of 19 items including some characteristic early autistic behaviors (communicative and social abnormalities) and some that are less commonly described in the syndrome (attentional, perceptive, and adaptive disorders). The value of the use of this scale for clinicians and professionals involved in behavioral evaluations and treatment of young children with developmental disorders and the necessity for further psychometric investigations are discussed.This study was supported by INSERM U.316 Nervous System from the Foetus to the Child. Development, Circulation, Metabolism, L. Pourcelot, INSERM, Network INSERM No. 489001, Grant INSERM No. 911182 (D. Savrage) No. 911008 (L. Hameury) MRT. No. 9906 Fondation Langlois. Gratitude is expressed to Professor G. Lelord who initiated and supervised this study. The authors thank Professor J. Fermanian, Department of Biostatistics, CHU Necker, Paris, for his helpful suggestions and assistance. They also thank Dr. Larmande, Dr. Leddet, Dr. Glorion, and Dr. Garreau for their medical participation in the study and C. Richard, C. Fillatre, J. Rabant, and F. Etourneau for the psychological assessments of children. Special thanks to G. Calzas, M. Barré, A. Lardeux, and D. Lioret for their technical assistance. 相似文献
948.
Anaerobes and short-chain fatty acids in crevicular fluid from adults with chronic periodontitis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P Courtois M Labbé M Pourtois I M Mandelbaum 《Bulletin du Groupèment international pour la recherche scientifique en stomatologie & odontologie》1989,32(1):19-22
Pathogeny of adult chronic periodontitis is still unclear. Bacteriological and chemical analysis of crevicular fluid have shown, in active sites of the disease, a simultaneous presence of anaerobes and their major by-product: short-chain fatty acids. The last can decrease "in vitro" the neutrophil intracellular pH, whenever these cells are incubated in an acid medium. Clinical investigations are scarce which hold out data useful to attempt verifying this possible physiopathological mechanism. This work shows the presence of anaerobes in the active periodontal pockets, together with the presence of short-chain fatty acids likely to reach a concentration level comparable to that used for inhibiting neutrophils "in vitro". Forthcoming studies should investigate about a possible intracellular pH drop in the neutrophils and other cells of the inflamed periodontium. 相似文献
949.
J R Harlé D Quinsat J M Durand N Horchowski M Nicolino S Kaplanski C Farnarier C Fossat M Mongin P J Weiller 《La Revue de médecine interne / fondée ... par la Société nationale francaise de médecine interne》1989,10(1):25-30
We report a case of large granular lymphocytosis, or chronic "natural killer" lymphocytosis, a newly described entity. We were able to demonstrate the proliferative character of the disease by the finding of karyotype abnormalities. This case was remarkable for the pre-existence, for at least three years, of severe hypogammaglobulinaemia, for the very slow course of the proliferative process and for the progressive and tumoral infiltration of the spleen and liver, then kidney. 相似文献
950.
Among 389 consecutive chronic alcoholics in whom a liver biopsy was performed for diagnostic purposes, nine patients (2.3%) had histological changes of "alcoholic foamy degeneration" (AFD), characterized by numerous small fat droplets in the swollen hepatocytes of the centrilobular area. In five cases, there were non-specific clinical features, while the other four cases presented acute hepatic decompensation with jaundice and a reduced prothrombin activity. Seven patients had high serum lipid concentrations including hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia, which improved after withdrawal of alcohol intake. In conclusion, AFD has a broad clinicopathological spectrum including asymptomatic patients and other cases with severe liver decompensation manifested by jaundice and reduced prothrombin activity. AFD is usually associated with hyperlipemia. 相似文献