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排序方式: 共有1358条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
Altenburger MJ Schirrmeister JF Wrbas KT Hellwig E 《American journal of dentistry》2007,20(6):385-389
PURPOSE: To evaluate remineralization and fluoride uptake of demineralized enamel specimens in artificial interproximal spaces using a 250 ppm fluoride mouthrinse (100 ppm amine fluoride and 150 ppm sodium fluoride) compared to a placebo-mouthrinse. METHODS: This was a two-way, double-blind, in situ study. 24 volunteers wore intraoral appliances in the lower jaw with mounted demineralized enamel specimens forming an artificial interproximal space. The volunteers rinsed their mouths for 28 days, twice a day with the respective mouthrinse and brushed their teeth at least twice a day with a fluoride-free dentifrice. The specimens were cleaned once a day to simulate the use of dental floss. For analysis methods transversal microradiography, fluoride content measurement and quantitative light-induced fluorescence were used. RESULTS: Mineral gain was significantly higher after the use of the fluoride mouthrinse: 571.88 Vol.% x microm (+/- 79.33 Vol.% x microm SEM) compared to the placebo treatment 51.14 Vol.% x microm (+/- 72.14 Vol.% x microm SEM). Significantly more fluoride uptake was observed after using the fluoride mouthrinse: 3666.39 microg/cm3 (+/- 513.50 microg/cm3 SEM) than after the placebo mouthrinse: 516.95 microg/cm3 (+/- 75.83 microg/cm3 SEM). The quantitative light-induced fluorescence showed a significant remineralizing effect after the fluoride treatment: -388.47 % x mm2 (+/- 18.76% x mm2 SEM) compared to the placebo treatment -27.88% x mm2 (+/- 20.19% x mm2 SEM). 相似文献
42.
Polydorou O Hellwig E Auschill TM 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2007,138(7):978-84; quiz 1022
BACKGROUND: The authors conducted an in vitro study to evaluate the effect of an at-home bleaching product on the microhardness of six restorative materials under different surface treatments. METHODS: Four resin-based composite materials (a hybrid, flowable, microhybrid and nanohybrid), an ormocer (organic modified ceramic) material and a ceramic material were bleached with 15 percent carbamide peroxide. The authors prepared two groups of samples (polished and unpolished) (n = 7) from each resin-based composite material and the ormocer. The authors polished all of the samples in the ceramic group. Two samples from each group served as negative controls. The authors measured the microhardness of the samples before bleaching, after eight hours and 56 hours of bleaching, and 24 hours and one month after the end of bleaching. RESULTS: The statistical analysis showed that the at-home bleaching technique did not have a statistically significant effect on the microhardness of any of the restorative materials tested (hybrid, P = .0679; flowable, P = .5088; microhybrid, P = .0601; nanohybrid, P = .6166; ormocer, P = .2154; ceramic, P = .9943). CONCLUSION: At-home bleaching with 15 percent carbamide peroxide did not cause any harmful changes to the microhardness of tooth-colored restorative materials. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Clinicians do not need to replace resin-based composite, ormocer or ceramic restorations after at-home bleaching treatment when the restorations are in posterior teeth. 相似文献
43.
Treatment of cardiogenic shock in peripartum cardiomyopathy: Case series from a tertiary ECMO center
Ilija Djordjevic MD Parwis Rahmanian MD PhD Mohamed Zeriouh MD PhD Kaveh Eghbalzadeh MD Sassan Sangsari MD Julia Merkle MD Elmar Kuhn MD PhD Antje-Christin Deppe MD PhD Carolyn Weber MD Anton Sabashnikov MD PhD Oliver Liakopoulos Thorsten Wahlers 《Journal of cardiac surgery》2020,35(1):254-257
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) occurs toward the end of pregnancy or in the months after delivery without previously known structural heart disease. Development of therapy-refractory cardiogenic shock is described in the literature with a limited number of overall presented cases in this young patient cohort. To provide differences and key points in the therapy of end-stage PPCM patients, we present a case series of four young women with PPCM referred to our department for potential VA ECMO support. 相似文献
44.
45.
Nico T. Mutters Ulrike H?gele Daniel Hagenfeld Elmar Hellwig Uwe Frank 《GMS Krankenhaushygiene interdisziplin?r》2014,9(3)
Aim: Compliance with infection control practices is the key to quality care and excellence in dentistry. Infection control remains one of the most cost-beneficial interventions available. However, implementing control procedures requires full compliance of the whole dental team. The aim of our study was to measure the compliance in daily clinical practice.Methods: The compliance with infection control practices in dentistry by dental health care personnel (DHCP) in a German university dental clinic was observed during clinical work. In addition, a survey was conducted to assess the individual knowledge about infection control procedures. Contamination of the workplace during invasive dental procedures was tested, as well.Results: A total of 58 invasive dental treatments implying close contacts between HCWs and patients were scrutinized. All HCWs (100%) wore gloves during dental work, but in some cases (female dentists: 14.3%; dental assistants: 28.6%) gloves were neither changed nor hands were disinfected between different activities or patient contacts (female dentists: 68.6%; male dentists: 60.9%; dental assistants: 93%). Only 31.4% of female and 39.1% of male dentists carried out adequate hygienic hand disinfection after removing gloves. Male dentists wore significantly more often (100%) protective eyewear compared to 77.1% of female dentists (p<0.05). In addition, most of female dentists (62.9%) and dental assistants (80.7%) wore jewelry during dental procedures. Conclusion: Despite the knowledge of distinct hygiene procedures only a small percentage of dental staff performs hygiene practices according to recommended guidelines. Strict audit is clearly needed in the dental setting to ensure compliance with infection control guidelines to prevent transmission of pathogens. Our results provide insights for the development of a targeted education and training strategy to enhance compliance of dental staff especially of dental assistants with infection control procedures. 相似文献
46.
Jutta Lindert Ondine S. von Ehrenstein Rachel Grashow Gilad Gal Elmar Braehler Marc G. Weisskopf 《International journal of public health》2014,59(2):359-372
Objectives
To determine whether depression and anxiety in adulthood are associated with abuse exposure in childhood.Methods
A search of PUBMED, EMBASE and PSYCHINFO databases (2002–2012) was supplemented by hand searches of bibliographies of articles and reviews. We included studies contrasting abuse exposure vs. no-abuse exposure before age 16 years to depression and anxiety after age 16 years. Data on sample and exposure and outcome instruments, covariates and odds ratios (ORs) with the respective 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were extracted. Combined ORs and 95 % CI were calculated using random effects models. Heterogeneity was quantified using the I 2 test.Results
Inclusion criteria were met by 19 studies with 115,579 study participants, for assessing depression (n = 14) and anxiety (n = 13). The combined ORs for depression were 2.04 (95 % CI: 1.65–2.53) for sexual abuse and 1.49 (95 % CI: 1.29–1.72) for physical abuse. The combined ORs for anxiety were 2.52 (95 % CI: 2.12–2.98) for sexual abuse and 1.70 (95 % CI: 1.33–2.18) for physical abuse.Conclusions
High levels of depression, anxiety and distress are reported in adults exposed to childhood sexual and physical abuse. These findings require increased awareness for the potential needs of adults exposed to child abuse and public health interventions to prevent child abuse. 相似文献47.
48.
Kristina Geue Annekathrin Sender Ricarda Schmidt Diana Richter Andreas Hinz Thomas Schulte Elmar Brähler Yve Stöbel-Richter 《Quality of life research》2014,23(4):1377-1386
Purpose
Over the last years, adolescents and young adults with cancer (AYA) have moved strongly into scientific focus. However, there have only been a few studies about the quality of life of the AYA group, and gender differences have very rarely been examined.Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with young adult cancer patients who were aged 18–39 years at the time of survey and had completed their acute treatment. We used the quality of life questionnaire European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). The EORTC QLQ-C30 contains five function scales (physical, role, emotional, cognitive and social), nine symptom scales and a global quality of life scale. The patient sample was compared to a gender- and age-matched representative sample (REP).Results
Compared to the general population (N = 585), significantly poorer quality of life (p = .001) was observed for the 117 young cancer patients (40 male, 77 female) on all scales and items of the EORTC QLQ-C30. Analyses of variance with the factors group (AYA vs. REP) and gender showed interaction effects for the physical (p < .012), emotional (p < .029) and cognitive function scales (p < .008) and fatigue (p < .026) as well as for the items insomnia (p < .011), constipation (p < .037) and financial difficulties (p < .026). The pattern of the interaction was that female cancer patients reported the lowest quality of life outcomes. The same effects were found for the three calculated sum scales function, symptom and total.Conclusions
Results clearly indicate that young adult cancer patients have a reduced quality of life in comparison with the general population even long after the treatment of their disease is complete. Women had a lower quality of life than men. Age-specific interventions should be offered that lead to improvements in quality of life for this age group. And future studies should clarify what factors lead to women’s quality of life being worse than men’s. 相似文献49.
Andreas Hinz Thomas Kohlmann Yve Stöbel-Richter Markus Zenger Elmar Brähler 《Quality of life research》2014,23(2):443-447
Purpose
The health state classifier EQ-5D of the EuroQoL group has been expanded to a 5-level instrument (EQ-5D-5L), but studies on psychometric properties of this new instrument, applied to the general population, are rare.Methods
A sample of 2,469 subjects, representatively selected from the German general population, was asked to fill in the EQ-5D-5L and several other questionnaires. Crude sum scores of the EQ-5D-5L were calculated and compared with scores derived from two sets of utilities, one from a German and one from a UK sample.Results
The mean sum score (0–100 scale) was 91.5. Males reported better health states than females, and there was a nearly linear age trend. The list of the 45 most frequent health patterns (those with at least 0.2 % of the respondents) showed that almost half of the participants (47.5 %) responded being in the optimal health state, indicating a ceiling effect. Correlations between EQ-5D-5L scores and other questionnaires were very similar for all three scoring systems of the EQ-5D-5L. Finally, normative scores are given on the basis of sum scores.Conclusions
The applicability of the EQ-5D-5L in the general population is limited because of the skewness. Sum scores are useful because of their simplicity, international generalizability, and construct validity. 相似文献50.
Thaer Abouassi Johan P. Woelber Kristina Holst Susanne Stampf Christoph E. Doerfer Elmar Hellwig Petra Ratka-Krüger 《Clinical oral investigations》2014,18(7):1873-1880