N—酰化苄基四氢异喹啉类化合物的合成及其抗血小板聚集活性

合成了１４个Ｎ－酰化苄基四氢异喹啉化合物,并选择其中１０个化合物做了抗血小板聚集作用的体外试验,结果发现多数均具有一定的活性,为今后该类化合物的研究提供了参考数据。     

Risk factors for salmonella food poisoning in the domestic kitchen--a case control study

Domestic kitchen food handling risk factors for sporadic salmonella food poisoning are largely unknown. We compared food consumption and food handling practices, opportunities for cross contamination and refrigerator temperature control, in 99 households in South East Wales in 1997/8 with a case of salmonella food poisoning, and control households matched for electoral ward. On univariate analyses, cases were significantly more likely than control respondents to have purchased free-range eggs in the preceding week, and more likely than control households to have handled frozen whole chicken in the previous week, and to handle raw chicken portions at least weekly. In multivariate analysis, only consumption of raw eggs and handling free-range eggs were significant risk factors, independent of the age structure of the family and of the season.     

Short-term effects of calcium antagonists on hemodynamics and cyclosporine pharmacokinetics in heart-transplant and kidney-transplant patients

Effects of two calcium antagonists on hemodynamics and on cyclosporine pharmacokinetics were studied in eight transplant patients (four heart-transplant and four kidney-transplant patients) by use of a single-blind, randomized, crossover, and placebo-controlled design. Patients received, at least 1 week apart, either 90 mg diltiazem, 20 mg nifedipine (in tablet form), or placebo, given 1 hour before cyclosporine. Cyclosporine and its main metabolite (metabolite 17) were measured in plasma (separated at 25 degrees C) by use of HPLC. Both calcium antagonists tended to increase absorption rate and elimination rate, but none of the pharmacokinetic parameters of cyclosporine were significantly altered. Moreover, the area under the curve of plasma concentrations of metabolite 17 did not change. On the other hand, both nifedipine and diltiazem significantly altered the hemodynamics, but to a different extent in the two groups of patients. The heart-transplant patients showed larger decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure than the kidney-transplant patients after administration of both nifedipine and diltiazem, but they showed smaller increases in cardiac index and heart rate with nifedipine. In contrast, diltiazem caused small decreases in heart rate and cardiac index in heart-transplant patients and small increases in heart rate and cardiac index in kidney-transplant patients. We conclude that a single dose of either nifedipine or diltiazem does not affect, to a clinically significant extent, the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine. In addition, heart-transplant patients show different hemodynamic responses to these two calcium antagonists than the responses shown by kidney-transplant patients, probably because of cardiac denervation.     

THE ILLINOIS PROGRAM IN CHILD HYGIENE FOR THE COMING YEAR

In its child hygiene work Illinois will use its health centers for a foundation and pursue salesmanship methods for follow-up. Rural public health centers, child hygiene stations and public school nurse units are to be established and all these agencies worked in co?rdination.     

骨密度测量仪器的技术与发展

综述了目前进行骨密度分析的不同技术与仪器。同时讨论了这些方法在精确度、测量部位、测量的便利性、灵敏度和辐射危害等方面的特性。     

Extra-cochlear implants: the patient's viewpoint

A subjective questionnaire has been used for assessing cochlear implantees. It provides information on the benefits and the problems found after one year's use as viewed by the patients. This information is important to the management of future subjects for implantation. In three patients with a year's experience of implant use provision of environmental sound and improved speech loudness modulation were the most appreciated benefits. Improved speech reading ability did not emerge as the greatest benefit, except in one case in good listening conditions. Alleviation of tinnitus occurred only to a limited extent, in one patient out of the three.     

聚乙二醇—硝酸镧配位聚合物的表征研究

以聚乙二醇(PEG)为配位体,首次合成了三价稀土金属镧与PEG的配位聚合物。实验测定了该配位聚合物的红外光谱、示差扫描量热谱(DSC)、热失重分析(TGA)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC),并就配位反应、热分解以及配位前后分子流体力学体积的变化进行了讨论。     

Synchronous versus asynchronous differential lung ventilation with PEEP after unilateral acid aspiration in the dog

Differential lung ventilation (DLV) with PEEP has been used to oxygenate patients with severe unilateral or asymmetrical lung disease. Many different ventilator systems have been used to deliver DLV, but the question of whether or not to synchronize the ventilation of the 2 lungs has not been answered. Twelve mongrel dogs were given a unilateral hydrochloric acid (HCl) injury and divided into 2 groups, one receiving synchronous and the other receiving asynchronous DLV. The assignment of synchronization and side of injury was allocated randomly. A computer-controlled DLV system was used to ventilate the dogs with equal tidal volumes to each lung. The respiratory rate was feedback controlled to maintain PaCO2 at 35 torr. After injury, 10 cm H2O of PEEP was applied to the injured lung and the dogs were ventilated with FIO2 = 0.40 for 4 h. There was no statistically significant difference in gas exchange ([PaO2, Qva/Qt, PaCO2, P(A-a)O2] or hemodynamics [mean arterial pressure (MAP), CVP, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP), mean pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (WP), cardiac output in triplicate (Q), heart rate (HR)] between the 2 groups. With this particular model, there is no need to synchronize the 2 ventilators when using DLV with unilateral PEEP.