生物相容性水基磁流体的研究与进展

学术背景:磁流体是一种既有固体强磁性又有液体流动性的新型功能材料,尤其是具有良好生物相容性的水基磁流体在生物医药领域有着广泛的应用.目的:探讨水基磁流体的制备方法及其在肿瘤诊断与治疗中的应用,为水基磁流体的应用提供理论参考.检索策略:应用计算机检索PubMed数据库、维普数据库和中国期刊全文数据库的有关文献,检索词为"磁流体、化学共沉淀、磁共振、肿瘤热疗",限定文章语言分别为英语和中文.共检索到350篇相关文献,其中中文文献280篇,英文文献70篇,对文献进行筛选,纳入标准:①选取针对性强,相关度高的文献.②对同一领域的文献选择近期发表或权威杂志的文献.最后30篇被选用.文献评价:选用30篇文献,其中8篇为综述、其余均为临床与实验研究.资料综合:水基磁流体一般由纳米磁性微粒、稳定剂以及分散介质组成.水基磁流体的制备方法有机械粉碎法、热分散法、化学共沉淀法、真空蒸镀法、等离子体CVD法、气相液相反应法等.水基磁流体广泛应用于磁靶向给药、肿瘤热疗、基因治疗以及肿瘤早期诊断等方面.结论:水基磁流体制备方法简单,作为一种新型的功能材料,在恶性肿瘤的诊断及治疗方面将发挥越来越重要的作用.     

癫痫发作敏感大鼠T区Bcl-2蛋白表达变化

为探讨前深梨状皮层T区中Bcl- 2蛋白的表达变化在红藻氨酸诱导的癫痫发作敏感性长期增强中的作用,本研究以免疫组化方法检测癫痫发作敏感大鼠前深梨状皮层T区Bcl- 2蛋白表达变化,以硫堇染色观察神经元脱失情况,并与经蝎毒处理后癫痫发作敏感性明显降低的大鼠进行比较。结果显示:与对照组比较,癫痫发作敏感大鼠前深梨状皮层T区Bcl 2蛋白免疫反应阳性细胞数目明显减少,染色强度明显降低(P<0. 05),神经元数量明显减少;以剂量为100mg/ (kg·d)的蝎毒给予动物连续灌胃4周,可明显降低其癫痫发作敏感性(P<0. 05),脑内前深梨状皮层神经元脱失程度减轻,Bcl- 2蛋白免疫反应产物与对照组相比无明显变化。以上结果提示,前深梨状皮层T区Bcl- 2蛋白表达减少可能是癫痫发作敏感性长期增强的重要原因之一。     

浓集自体骨髓基质干细胞组织工程复合物治疗早期股骨头坏死的实验疗效

目的研究浓集自体骨髓基质干细胞组织工程复合物治疗兔早期股骨头坏死的实验疗效，为临床应用提供依据。方法24只新西兰大白兔随机分为两组，建立右侧股骨头骨缺损模型，并用液氮从缺损内将股骨头冷冻坏死，A组为对照组，仅植入空白明胶海绵，B组为实验组，植入复合物。术后每组分别于2、4、6、8周各处死3只动物，做影像学及组织学检查。进行有关指标检测。结果①影像学结果：随着时间延长无论是X线、CT表现还是MRI表现，实验组钻孔区由低密度逐渐增高，8周时有骨小梁结构；对照组钻孔区无新骨形成表现。②组织学结果：A组2周标本缺损区内，充满坏死的组织碎片；4周标本，缺损区内为疏松的纤维肉芽组织；6周标本缺损区内为纤维组织；8周标本缺损区内仍为纤维组织，无新生骨组织。B组2周标本缺损区内，有大量的成骨细胞；4周标本，缺损区内有大量骨小梁及类骨质填充；6周标本缺损区内出现比较成熟的骨小梁；8周标本缺损区内骨小梁成熟，骨髓组织形成。结论浓集自体骨髓基质干细胞组织工程复合物对兔股骨头坏死有极好的修复作用。     

Role of GADD45 beta in the regulation of synovial fluid T cell apoptosis in rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by persistent Th1 cell infiltration and production of inflammatory cytokines in the location of joint lesion. It is known that infiltrated Th1 cells in the synovial fluid (SF) of RA patients are resistant to apoptosis. Here we demonstrate that Th1 cells accumulated in patient SF expressed a high level of GADD45β (Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-inducible 45β) which further inhibited Th1 cell apoptosis. Interestingly, in vitro culture of T cells with SF from RA patients increased GADD45β expression in Th1 cells and inhibited their apoptosis. Silencing of GADD45β by RNAi abolished the anti-apoptotic effect of RA SF, which was accompanied by down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of Bax. Further analysis showed that TNF-α and IL-12 in RA SF could stimulate GADD45β expression in Th1 cells and inhibit their apoptosis. Taken together, our results suggest a novel mechanism by which specific cytokines in the RA SF elevate GADD45β expression in local Th1 cells and subsequently leading to the enhanced T cell survival.     

Pinocembrin improves cognition and protects the neurovascular unit in Alzheimer related deficits

Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides accumulate in the brain and initiate a cascade of pathologic events in Alzheimer's disease. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) has been implicated to mediate Aβ-induced perturbations in the neurovascular unit (NVU). We demonstrated that pinocembrin exhibits neuroprotection through inhibition of the Aβ and/or RAGE pathway, but the therapeutic role and mechanism involved are not ascertained. Here, we report that a 3-month treatment with pinocembrin prevents the cognition decline in APP/PS1 transgenic mice without altering Aβ burden and oxidative stress. Instead, pinocembrin is effective in conferring neurovascular protection through maintenance of neuropil ultrastructure, reduction of glial activation and levels of inflammatory mediators, preservation of microvascular function, improving the cholinergic system by conserving the ERK-CREB-BDNF pathway, and modulation of RAGE-mediated transduction. Furthermore, in an in vitro model, pinocembrin provides the NVU protection against fibrillar Aβ_1–42, accompanied by regulation of neurovascular RAGE pathways. Our findings indicate that pinocembrin improves cognition, at least in part, attributable to the NVU protection, and highlights pinocembrin as a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention and/or treatment of Alzheimer's disease.     

甲亢^131Ⅰ治疗患者心理卫生状况调查分析

目的通过对甲亢^131Ⅰ治疗患者心理卫生状况调查,分析当前甲亢发病和病情反复的主要原因,从而更具针对性地采取措施,提高甲亢^131Ⅰ治疗一次性治愈率。方法对219例符合^131Ⅰ治疗条件的甲亢患者,在诊疗过程中,取得患者心理健康状况的第一手资料。结果有67.1%的甲亢患者存在长期的不良精神刺激,无心理诱因而发病的患者占32.9%。结论长期的心理压力或强烈的精神刺激是甲亢发病和病情的迁延不愈主要原因,甲亢患者采用^131Ⅰ治疗的同时,对患者进行心理疏导很有必要,对患者的早日康复有重要意义。     

Personalized aspheric intraocular lens implantation based on corneal spherical aberration: a review

With the evolution of cataract surgery from visual rehabilitation to refractive surgery, aspheric intraocular lenses (IOLs) are being increasingly used in the field of ophthalmology. This increased use can be attributed to negative or zero spherical aberrations with unique optical designs, which counteract some of the positive spherical aberrations of the cornea. These alterations reduce the total spherical aberration of human eyes and improve the visual acuity in patients with cataract postoperatively. At present, various types of aspheric IOLs are used worldwide. Although the implantation of aspheric IOL is beneficial to the patients who need correction of spherical aberrations, much controversy is still associated with ocular residual spherical aberrations that facilitate the best visual quality for patients postoperatively. In order to provide reference for future clinical work and scientific research, this report reviews the relationship between the ocular residual spherical aberration of human eyes and visual quality.     

聚酸酐-氨基葡聚糖作为干细胞载体的研究

研究聚酸酐-氨基葡聚糖三维载体材料对胎儿肝干细胞黏附及增殖的影响,寻找胎儿肝干细胞新的载体材料。采用改进的两步胶原酶灌注消化法加Percoll液不连续密度梯度离心的方法,分离胎儿肝干细胞。选取胎儿肝干细胞的传代细胞,种植于聚酸酐-氨基葡聚糖三维载体材料上。倒置显微镜下观察细胞的黏附和生长状况;计算细胞贴壁率;MTT法检测各组细胞的吸光度值(OD值);收集载体支架上细胞并计数。取细胞载体进行组织学切片,HE染色光镜下观察。在细胞培养第7 d进行免疫荧光化学染色和流式细胞仪检测。结果表明,聚酸酐-氨基葡聚糖三维载体能促进肝干细胞在材料内黏附并保持其在机体内的形态;载体材料内的肝干细胞功能活跃;在材料表面和三维空间内部培养的肝干细胞均能持续增殖;经过连续40 d共同培养聚酸酐-氨基葡聚糖三维载体对干细胞无毒性,人胎儿肝干细胞可以很好的贴附于聚酸酐-氨基葡聚糖三维载体支架上,细胞增殖活力良好,标志物持续表达,培养7 d得到的细胞数量增多19.7%。聚酸酐-氨基葡聚糖三维载体能促进肝干细胞的增殖,可作为肝干细胞的载体应用于肝脏组织工程。     

Immunological assay for carbohydrate antigen 19-9 using an electrochemical immunosensor and antigen immobilization in titania sol-gel matrix

We describe a novel electrochemical immunosensor for carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) based on the immobilization of CA19-9 with titania sol-gel on a graphite electrode (GE) by vapor deposition. The CA19-9 membrane was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and proved to be chemically clean, porous and homogeneous. The incubation of the immunosensor in a solution containing horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled CA19-9 antibody led to the binding of HRP-labeled antibody with the immobilized antigen. The immobilized HRP catalyzed the oxidation of catechol by H(2)O(2) and this provided a competitive method for the measurement of serum CA19-9. The response current decreased with increasing CA19-9 concentration in the incubation solution. The effects of pH, amount of HRP-labeled antibody, incubation time and temperature were explored to provide optimum analytical performance. Under optimal conditions, the current decrease of the immunosensor was proportional to CA19-9 concentrations in the range of 3-20 U/ml with a detection limit of 2.68 U/ml at a current decrease of 10%. The detection of CA19-9 in two serum samples obtained from clinically diagnosed patients with pancreatic carcinoma showed acceptable accuracy. The proposed immunosensor provides a new promising tool for the clinical immunoassay of CA19-9.