缺血－再灌注兔心肌肌浆网自由基的测定

应用电子自旋共振波谱仪（ＥＳＲ）直接检测了缺血－再灌注兔心肌肌浆网自由基的变化，以探讨肌质网系统与氧自由基的关系。实验中将２０只兔随机分为再灌注对照组、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）组、ＡＴＰ－氯化镁组和人参皂甙Ｒｅ组。实验结果，ｇ值２．００４６处为半醌自由基波谱，其相对浓度各组依次为７８．９４±２．１２６，１４．４６±２．８６，２０．６５±７．６５，１４．６６±３．６７（ｘ±ＳＤ），对照组与用药组均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），表明缺血－再灌注兔心肌肌浆网产生大量的自由基，用ＥＳＲ可以直接检测到半醌自由基，外源性高能磷酸盐制剂ＡＴＰ－氯化镁及人参皂甙Ｒｅ与超氧化物歧化酶一样，发挥清除兔心肌肌浆网自由基的作用。     

Performance measurement of the microPET focus 120 scanner.

The microPET Focus 120 scanner is a third-generation animal PET scanner dedicated to rodent imaging. Here, we report the results of scanner performance testing. METHODS: A (68)Ge point source was used to measure energy resolution, which was determined for each crystal and averaged. Spatial resolution was measured using a (22)Na point source with a nominal size of 0.25 mm at the system center and various off-center positions. Absolute sensitivity without attenuation was determined by extrapolating the data measured using an (18)F line source and multiple layers of absorbers. Scatter fraction and counting rate performance were measured using 2 different cylindric phantoms simulating rat and mouse bodies. Sensitivity, scatter fraction, and noise equivalent counting rate (NECR) experiments were repeated under 4 different conditions (energy window, 250 approximately 750 keV or 350 approximately 650 keV; coincidence window, 6 or 10 ns). A performance phantom with hot-rod inserts of various sizes was scanned, and several animal studies were also performed. RESULTS: Energy resolution at a 511-keV photopeak was 18.3% on average. Radial, tangential, and axial resolution of images reconstructed with the Fourier rebinning (FORE) and filtered backprojection (FBP) algorithms were 1.18 (radial), 1.13 (tangential), and 1.45 mm full width at half maximum (FWHM) (axial) at center and 2.35 (radial), 1.66 (tangential), and 2.00 mm FWHM (axial) at a radial offset of 2 cm. Absolute sensitivities at transaxial and axial centers were 7.0% (250 approximately 750 keV, 10 ns), 6.7% (250 approximately 750 keV, 6 ns), 4.0% (350 approximately 650 keV, 10 ns), and 3.8% (350 approximately 650 keV, 6 ns). Scatter fractions were 15.9% (mouse phantom) and 35.0% (rat phantom) for 250 approximately 750 keV and 6 ns. Peak NECR was 869 kcps at 3,242 kBq/mL (mouse phantom) and 228 kcps at 290 kBq/mL (rat phantom) at 250 approximately 750 keV and 6 ns. Hot-rod inserts of 1.6-mm diameter were clearly identified, and animal studies illustrated the feasibility of this system for studies of whole rodents and mid-sized animal brains. CONCLUSION: The results of this independent field test showed the improved physical characteristics of the F120 scanner over the previous microPET series systems. This system will be useful for imaging studies on small rodents and brains of larger animals.     

Treatment of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation-does resection in the early postnatal period increase surgical risk?

OBJECTIVE: The recent development of fetal ultrasonography has allowed for an increasing number of prenatal diagnoses for congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM). However, the appropriate surgical timing of these patients has not been studied as of yet. The aim of this study is to suggest a safe strategy for the treatment of CCAM by identifying the relationship between the timing of surgery and postoperative outcome. METHODS: Between 1987 and 2003, 40 patients (28 males, 12 females) underwent surgical resection for CCAM. The mean age was 38.6+/-9.1 (2 days-13 years) months. CCAM was diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography in eight patients. Early operations were performed in four out of the eight. Operation was deferred until 2-12 months of age for the remaining four patients. RESULTS: Type I CCAM was found in 20 patients, type II in 20 and no patient exhibited type III. Five patients had associated pectus excavatum anomaly. There were no cases of operative mortality. Seventeen minor postoperative complications developed in 16 patients (40.0%): prolonged chest tube drain in 10, wound infection in 4, and 1 case of pneumonia, empyema and pleural space, respectively. The average hospital stay was 11.8 (6-29) days. During the mean follow-up period of 67.5 months, one patient died of accidental aspiration 7 months after operation during the postoperative recovery course of Ravich operation for pectus excavatum. The remaining patients reported doing well with normal physical activity. All five patients who underwent surgery at the age of under 1 month did not exhibit increased postoperative morbidity. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that surgery for CCAM could be safely performed in all age groups with satisfactory long-term outcomes. It is suggested that early elective surgical correction can be recommended for a patient whose diagnosis was made in utero.     

Exogenous advanced glycosylation end products induce diabetes-like vascular dysfunction in normal rats: a factor in diabetic retinopathy

BACKGROUND. Diabetic retinopathy has been shown to be directly associated with the degree and duration of hyperglycemia, and advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in this pathological process. The purpose of the experiments reported here was to study the effect of AGE deposition on retinal vascular damage which leads to diabetic retinopathy. METHODS. Intravenous injection of exogenous AGEs was used to treat wild-type non-diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats. One of the two retinal slides from each animal was treated using immunohistochemical staining to label retinal vascular AGE deposition, the other H&E staining for counting of capillary pericytes. The results were compared with the findings in untreated wild-type and diabetic controls and in rats treated with unmodified rat serum albumin (RSA). RESULTS. After 2 weeks of continuous treatment, AGEs were identified in the retinal vascular tissue of the AGE-RSA-injected group. The average number of retinal capillary pericytes per 10x100 microscope power field was 4.313+/-0.34 (mean +/- SD) in the AGE-RSA-injected group, compared with 5.798+/-0.481 in the control group ( P<0.01). CONCLUSION. These experiments demonstrate that AGEs, independent of other metabolic factors, can induce vascular change resembling that of diabetic retinopathy.     

北京市东城区和平里社区居民慢性病防治探讨

为探索慢性病的防治方法，我们于１９８９￣１９９４年社区居民中开展了以高血压为主的循环系统慢性病防治课题，经过５年的干预，观察组与对照组居民及接受管理的高血压病人在减少吸烟，饮酒，控制食盐摄入，掌握慢性病防治知识等方面有显著性差异，取得了满意的结果，从而为今后全面开展慢性病防治积累了经验。     

Effects ofTripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch on male fertility

Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch (TH) is a perennial used in Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and various skin disorders. One study showed that daily oral doses of TH significantly reduced the fertility of male rats without apparent toxicity. The effects of daily oral doses of TH on the fertility of men taking it for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis were evaluated. Sperm concentration, motility and motility grade all were significantly reduced in the 13 men taking TH compared to 11 untreated controls. TH therapy did not affect testosterone, FSH, LH levels, and its antifertility effects appeared to be reversible.

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Resumen Triperygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch (TH) es una perenne usada en la medicina tradicional china para el tratamiento de artritis reumatoidea y de varios desórdenes de la piel. Un estudio demostró que orales diarias de TH reducían significativamente la fertilidad en ratas macho, sin toxicidad aparente. Se evaluaron los efectos de dosis diarias orales de TH en la fertilidad de hombres que le tomaban para el tratamiento de la artritis reumatoidea. La concentración de espermatozoides, la motilidad y el grado de motilidad, se encontraron significativamente reducidos en los 13 hombres tomando TH comparados con 11 controles no tratados. La terapia con TH no afectó los niveles de testosterona, FSH y LH y sus efectos antifertilidad parecían ser reversibles.

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Resumé LeTriperygium hypoglaucum Hutch (TH) est communément utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise pour le traitement de la polyarthrite chronique évolutive (PCE) et de divers troubles cutanés. Une étude a montré que l'administation quotidienne de doses orales de TH réduisait considérablement la fécondité de rats mâles sans provoquer de toxicité apparente. On a évalué les effets de doses quotidiennes administrées par voie orale sur la fécondité d'hommes atteints de PCE et traités au TH. La concentration, la motilité et le degré de motilité du sperme avaient significativement diminué chez 13 hommes traités au TH par comparaison avec 11 témoins non traités. Le traitement au TH n'a eu aucun effet sur les niveaux de testostérone, FSH et LH et ses effets anti-fécondants semblent être réversibles.

     

复方山绿茶缓释袋泡剂的研究

用网状多孔性纤维包念材料制备的复方山绿茶缓袋泡剂，具有速释和缓释作用，在１－８ｈ内按埝级方式释药。Ｔ０．５为１．３ｈ，Ｔｄ为３．２ｈ，１－８ｈ的平均释药速率７２．３５ｍｇ／ｈ。与传统的半生药型袋泡剂比较，具有栽药量高，使用方便，性质稳定，疗效确切的优点。     

人细胞色素p450IA1基因cDNA的克隆和鉴定

在用３－甲基胆蒽诱导培养人羊膜ＦＬ细胞２４ｈ后，抽提细胞总ＲＮＡ并直接合成ｃＤＮＡ第一链。利用人工合成的一对寡核苷酸引物，采用ＰＣＲ技术特异性地扩增Ｃｙｔ ｐ５０ＩＡ１ ｃＤＮＡ。３０个循环后琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示１．５Ｋｂ大小片段，长度与预计相符。Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交结果证实此片段确为Ｃｙｔ ｐ４５０ＩＡ１ ｃＤＮＡ。将此片段克隆至质粒ｐＧＥＭ－３Ｚ并进行部份序列分析。结果显示克隆片段包含Ｃｙｔ ｐ     

Identification of Leishmania donovani isolates from different kala-azar foci in China by kDNA hybridization.

kDNA sequence homology of Leishmania donovani isolates from three types of kala-azar foci in China were analyzed by using dot and Southern hybridization with biotin- and 32P-labelled probes. The results revealed kDNA sequence heterogeneity among Leishmania donovani isolates from the three kala-azar foci: sequence homology between isolates of hill and desert foci was higher than that between hill and plain foci isolates. The kDNA hybridization technique was also found to be specific and sensitive for direct identification of Leishmania in animal tissues. In a preliminary survey, kDNA hybridization of cutaneous tissue blots of 71 dogs from endemic regions showed a positive rate of 40.8%, and the rate of double positive cases (touch blot hybridization and bone marrow smear) reached 91.3%. The direct identification of Leishmania in tissues by kDNA hybridization seems to be a useful and convenient method for epidemiological study and clinical diagnosis, especially for species/strain characterization.     

肠外营养对呼吸功能不全患者的影响

从加强医疗病房的重危患餐巾选取因呼吸衰竭而给予呼吸机支持的患者40例,随机分为A组20例进行肠外营养(parenteral nutrition,PN)治疗,B组20例未行PN治疗。对通气/换气功能各指标进行分析,结果两组患者的呼吸频率、pH、PaO_2、PaCO_2及HCO_3~-无明显差异;A组氧分压与吸入气氧浓度比值轻度降低,而肺泡-动脉氧压差及肺内分流明显升高。提示PN中的脂肪乳和高糖可能是导致呼吸功能改变的重要因素。