拉米夫定联合阿德福韦酯治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床研究

目的:观察拉米夫定联合阿德福韦酯治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效.方法:选取84例慢性乙型肝炎患者,随机分为拉米夫定组42例,给予拉米夫定100 mg/d、拉米夫定联合阿德福韦酯治疗组42例,给予拉米夫定100 mg/d、阿德福韦酯10 mg/d.均给予常规护肝及支持对症治疗.在治疗24、48周时观察两组患者肝功能、HBeAg阴转率和HBeAg血清转换率,比较两组ALT复常情况和不良反应发生情况.结果:治疗后两组患者HBV DNA均较基线值降低,且随治疗时间延长降低更明显;治疗24周时两组患者HBV DNA阴转率相似,治疗48周时B组与A组相比差异具有显著性;两组患者治疗后HBeAg阴转率、HBeAg血清转换率未见统计学差异;B组患者治疗48周时ALT复常率与A组相比差异具有显著性;两组均未见严重不良事件.结论:拉米夫定联合阿德福韦酯与单用拉米夫定相比可以有效治疗慢性乙型肝炎,值得临床推广.     

中老年患者脑梗死复发危险因素的临床分析

目的探讨中老年患者脑梗死复发的危险因素并进行分析。方法回顾分析了我院救治的中老年脑梗死患者170例,根据脑梗死复发情况分为复发组(观察组)和未复发组(对照组),观察组88例,对照组82例,对170例患者均进行彩色多普勒超声和头颅CT检查,并比较两组的临床资料,进行统计分析。结果脑梗死复发组的不良生活习惯、常见疾病、颈动脉狭窄程度和脑部病变程度与未复发组比较,均具有显著性差异(P<0.05),男性脑梗死的复发率高于女性,50岁以后是脑梗死的高发年龄。结论 年龄、性别、高血压、高血脂、糖尿病、冠心病、颈动脉狭窄程度和脑部病变程度均是中老年患者脑梗死复发的危险因素。     

激素依赖性皮炎的研究进展

由于糖皮质激素外用制剂的不规范应用和误用含激素的化妆品,激素依赖性皮炎的发病率逐年增高。我们复习有关文献,对糖皮质激素依赖性皮炎的病因、发病机制、临床表现、诊断、组织病理及治疗作一综述。     

树突细胞疫苗与恶性黑色素瘤免疫治疗研究进展

以免疫治疗为代表的生物治疗日益受到重视。树突细胞（DC）是体内抗原提呈功能最强的细胞,在肿瘤免疫治疗中占重要地位。DC具有加工、提呈抗原的功能,同时DC在启动特异性抗肿瘤免疫反应中发挥着关键性作用。通过不同形式的抗原修饰的DC可增强其抗肿瘤的免疫原性。就DC疫苗与恶性黑色素瘤的免疫治疗研究进展做一综述。     

日本大耳兔胆管电灼损伤致瘢痕狭窄模型的建立

目的建立13本大耳兔胆管电灼损伤致瘢痕狭窄模型,用于胆管瘢痕狭窄防治的研究．方法30只日本大耳兔随机分为对照组n=15）和实验组n=15）分别施行假手术和电灼损伤胆管,术后观察动物的一般情况及生存率,术前及术后30d行肝功能检测,MRI影像学、大体形态学和HE染色光镜下观察胆管狭窄情况．结果与对照组比较,实验组30d后生存率无明显差异,肝功能检测结果有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,影像学和大体解剖均发现损伤处形成狭窄,狭窄以上胆管扩张,病理观察证实损伤处有纤维化增生改变．结论日本大耳兔胆管电灼损伤致瘢痕狭窄模型可用于胆管瘢痕狭窄防治的研究．     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病:超级化~3He-MR成像定量分析支气管扩张剂的疗效

目的 3He-MR成像和肺功能检查评价短效支气管扩张药对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的疗效。材料与方法本研究经学术审查委员会批准并取得所有病人的书面知情同意。COPD病人14例(现已戒烟),在给予400mg舒喘灵(羟甲叔丁肾上腺素)后平均(25±2)min前和后分别接受超     

Anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antipyretic effects of methanol extract of Cariniana rubra stem bark in animal models

Cariniana rubra Miers (Lecythidaceae), popularly known as "jequitibá-vermelho', is a large Brazilian tree whose bark is used in infusion and decoction for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. This study aims to assess the anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antipyretic effects of Cariniana rubra methanolic stem bark extract (EM Cr) using experimental animals. Anti-inflammatory activity of EM Cr was tested on carrageenan and dextran-induced rat paw edema, carrageenan-induced pleurisy in rats and acetic acid-increase vascular permeability in mice. Antinociceptive and antipyretic activities were evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and hot-plate tests in mice, as well as brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. The extract inhibitied carrageenan and dextran-induced edema, reduced exudate volume and leukocyte migration on the carrageenan-induced pleurisy and on the vascular permeability increase induced by acetic acid. The EM Cr inhibited nociception on the acetic acid-induced writhing and in the second phase of formalin test, and decreased rectal temperature. It was, however, inactive against thermal nociception.Phytochemical analysis with EM Cr showed the occurrence of saponins, triterpenes, sterols and phenolic compounds. Phytosterols (β-sitosterol, stigmasterol), pentacyclic triterpenes (α- and β-amyrin as a mixture), arjunolic acid, a phytosterol glycoside (sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside), and triterpenoid saponins (28-β-glucopyranosyl-23-O-acetyl arjunolic acid; 3-O-β-glucopyranosyl arjunolic acid and 28-O-[α-L-Rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-glucopyranosyl]-23- O-acetyl arjunolic acid) were the main identified compounds. It can be presumed that EM Cr caused their effects by inhibiting the liberation and/or action of different inflammatory mediators. These findings support the traditional use of Cariniana rubra preparations to treat inflammation.     

原发性肾类癌腹腔镜根治术1例并文献复习

目的报道罕见原发性肾类癌1例,并探讨其临床表现、病理特点和诊治方法。方法原发性肾类癌患者1例,男,54岁。因"肾囊肿术后发现左肾占位病变2年"入院,无腰腹疼痛、血尿等症状。术前肾脏超声造影示左肾实质占位病变,大小48 mm×35 mm,不排除肾癌可能。术前CT考虑肾癌可能,其他部位未见转移瘤。行后腹腔镜下左肾癌根治术及切除侵犯的胰尾。结果肿瘤位于左肾内上方,部分突出肾表面并与胰尾粘连。术后病理示左肾原发性类癌,免疫组化示:Syn(+++),Chro-A(+),EMA(散在+),CK(+),S100(散在+)。胰尾未见癌,术后恢复良好,随访10个月未见复发和转移。结论原发性肾类癌十分罕见,文献报道多伴发于马蹄肾、畸胎瘤、多囊肾等,确诊需要组织病理学检查,治疗以手术为主。其恶性程度较低,但也可转移肝、肺、骨骼等部位,因此术后应密切随访。