氟伐他汀对脂多糖和血管紧张素Ⅱ致大鼠主动脉内皮细胞TF和TFPI表达的影响

目的 研究氟伐他汀(fluvastatin)对脂多糖(LPS)和血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)诱导的离体大鼠主动脉内皮细胞(RAEC)表达组织因子(TF)和组织因子途径抑制物(TFPI)的影响.方法 体外培养RAEC,分别给予LPS和AngⅡⅡ刺激,采用ELISA法检测氟伐他汀对RAEC TF和TFPI表达的影响.结果 氟伐他汀0.01、O.1、1和10μmol/L组能剂量依赖性抑制LPS和AngⅡ引起的TF表达增强;氟伐他汀0.01、0.1、1和10μmnol/L.组TFPI表达增强,呈剂量依赖性.结论 氟伐他汀能抑制引起血栓形成的TF表达,增加TFPI表达.     

中国部分市县前列腺癌发病趋势比较研究

目的 探讨中国大陆前列腺癌发病的流行病学特征.方法收集整理中国大陆30个肿瘤登记处1988-2002年15年间前列腺癌发病登记的数据资料,选取数据较为齐全的北京、天津、上海、武汉、哈尔滨、河北磁县、江苏肩东、浙江嘉善、广西扶绥、福建长乐、河南林州11个登记处的资料,按5年1个时段分为1988-1992、1993-1997、1998-2002年3个时间段,比较分析前列腺癌发病率、病死率,采用美国癌症研究所开发的统计软件Joinpoint Regression Program 3.3.1分析其流行趋势.通过对发病率的对数转换线性回归分析计算年度变化百分比.结果 30个登记处1988-1992、1993-1997、1998-2002年前列腺癌的发病率分别为1.96/10万、3.09/10万、4.36/10万,发病率有明显上升趋势.但与美国、加拿大、欧洲部分国家和地区比仍处于较低水平.结论 我国前列腺癌发病率呈现逐年上升趋势,将成为影响我国居民健康的主要恶性肿瘤之一,需引起重视.     

雄激素剥夺条件下阻断自噬增加LNCaP细胞凋亡

Objective To investigate the change of apoptosis in LNCaP cells after inhibition of autophagic process under androgen removal conditions. Methods The autophagic level was deter-mined by using confocal microscopy and RT-PCR. The DAPI staining was used to indicate the apopto-sis of LNCaP cells after inhibition of autophagic by 3-MA. Also, Z-VAD-FMK was used to extend the apoptosis results. Results ①Androgen deprivation led to increased autophagy in LNCaP cells. LN-CaP cells cultured in complete medium(CM) presented low autophagic process with 1.9 scores. After 24 hours, the punetate GFP-LC3 structures were accumulated in the cells cultured in serum-free medi-um (SF)(2.64 scores). In contrast, the number of punctate GFP-LC3 remained at a very low level (1.85 scores), when cells were incubated with DHT in SFA(serum-free medium+DHT). Statistical analysis showed the significant difference between SF and SFA (P<0.01). Semiquantitative RT-PCR was employed to examine the mRNA expression of LC3. Indeed, cells grown in the medium without serum had a higher LC3 mRNA expression with the highest at 12 hour time point as compared with the cells grown in CM. DHT treatment reduced the level of LC3 mRNA. ②Blockage of autophagy by 3-MA increased the apoptosis of LNCaP cells. LNCaP cells in SF and SFA just presented a basal level of apoptosis, which is (3.19±1.09)% and (3.01±0.33)% , respectively. Under androgen-free con-ditions, inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA could increase apoptosis significantly(10. 90±2.91%). While Z-VAD-FMK, a pan Caspase inhibitor, was able to suppress this apoptotic process to the level of (1.16±0.52)%, which was statistically significant(P<0.01). Conclusions Androgen removal can lead to the increase of autophagy in LNCaP cells. Moreover, inhibition of autophagy promotes the occurrence of apoptosis.     

中国部分市县前列腺癌发病趋势比较研究

目的 探讨中国大陆前列腺癌发病的流行病学特征.方法收集整理中国大陆30个肿瘤登记处1988-2002年15年间前列腺癌发病登记的数据资料,选取数据较为齐全的北京、天津、上海、武汉、哈尔滨、河北磁县、江苏肩东、浙江嘉善、广西扶绥、福建长乐、河南林州11个登记处的资料,按5年1个时段分为1988-1992、1993-1997、1998-2002年3个时间段,比较分析前列腺癌发病率、病死率,采用美国癌症研究所开发的统计软件Joinpoint Regression Program 3.3.1分析其流行趋势.通过对发病率的对数转换线性回归分析计算年度变化百分比.结果 30个登记处1988-1992、1993-1997、1998-2002年前列腺癌的发病率分别为1.96/10万、3.09/10万、4.36/10万,发病率有明显上升趋势.但与美国、加拿大、欧洲部分国家和地区比仍处于较低水平.结论 我国前列腺癌发病率呈现逐年上升趋势,将成为影响我国居民健康的主要恶性肿瘤之一,需引起重视.     

"5·12"地震对灾民心理状况的调查

目的 目的 了解"5·12"四川地震中受灾人员的心理健康状况.方法 使用SCL-90对四川省各重灾区转移到当地民政系统安置点的灾区人群中163名人员进行调查研究.结果 受灾人员SCL-90的强迫症状、人际关系、忧郁、恐怖分值均高于全国常模(P<0.05);在SCL-90诸因子分中强迫症状、人际关系、忧郁、恐怖因子分值女性灾民高于男性(P<0.05).结论 随着全球气候的复杂多变,自然灾害的增多,注重心理危机干预,能够使人们尽早恢复心理健康,增加生活的信心.     

胫前黏液水肿

患者男,40岁. 主诉:头晕、头痛、心悸伴多汗、乏力3年,双下肢出现结节、肿块2年余. 现病史:患者2年前双下肢胫前皮肤肿胀,出现肿块、结节,伴有轻度疼痛及瘙痒,于2007年9月20日至我科就诊.3年前患甲状腺功能亢进症,一直未接受正规治疗.     

Neurotoxicity of Micrurus altirostris (Uruguayan coral snake) venom and its neutralization by commercial coral snake antivenom and specific antiserum raised in rabbits

In this work, we studied the neuromuscular blockade caused by Micrurus altirostris venom (0.1-10 microg/mL) in indirect stimulated chick biventer cervicis and mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparations and the ability of commercial antivenom (Instituto Butantan) and antiserum raised in rabbits to neutralize neurotoxicity and lethality in chicks and mice (LD(50) 0.042 and 0.255 mg/kg), injected i.m. and i.p., respectively, with venom (5 LD(50)):antivenom or antiserum mixtures (n = 6) of 1:1-1:2.5-1:5-1:10-1:20. The venom caused a complete and irreversible neuromuscular blockade in both preparations, inhibited the acetylcholine and carbachol contractures, without interfering on KCl response. The neuromuscular blockade was not Ca(2+) or temperature-dependent and did not affect the response to direct stimulation. Only a venom:antivenom or antiserum ratio of 1:20 neutralized the neuromuscular blockade in vitro and protected chicks and mice against 5 LD(50) of venom. Our results indicated that Micrurus altirostris venom interferes with postsynaptic neurotransmission and that commercial antivenom and rabbit antiserum have low efficacy in neutralizing the neurotoxicity and lethality of this venom.     

Control of Palmar Hyperhidrosis with a New "Dry-Type" Iontophoretic Device

BACKGROUND: Palmar hyperhidrosis is characterized by excessive sweating on the palm, and among the various treatment modalities, tap water iontophoresis has been widely used. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a new "dry-type" iontophoretic device that was locally manufactured and did not use tap water to control sweating. METHODS: Ten subjects with palmar hyperhidrosis were enrolled in this study. To be treated the patients were instructed that they only have to grasp the device. Only one palm was treated for 2 weeks, and then the treatment was discontinued the following next 2 weeks. The other palm was not treated as a control. At the end of second week, biopsy specimens were obtained from untreated and treated palm, respectively, and examined histologically. RESULTS: Nine of 10 patients were satisfied with this therapy reducing their sweat outputs from 33% to 51% of baseline at the end of 2 weeks' treatment, and after 2 weeks of discontinuation of treatment sweat productions returned to near baseline. The pathologic examinations showed some occlusions and destruction of intraepithelial eccrine ducts only in the treated palm. CONCLUSION: We suggest that dry-type iontophoresis could reduce palmar sweating more conveniently than other conventional methods.     

C57BL/6小鼠前列腺癌原位细胞移植动物模型的建立

目的 建立一种C57BL/6小鼠前列腺癌原位细胞移植动物模型.方法 C57BL/6小鼠30只,用微量注射器分别将0.5×106个RM-1细胞注射入前列腺左、右背侧叶包膜下.每3 d随机处死5只小鼠,动态观察小鼠前列腺癌局部生长、盆腔淋巴结转移和器官转移;术后15 d处死小鼠后,剩余5只常规饲养直至死亡,观察小鼠的平均荷瘤生存期.结果 C57BL/6小鼠前列腺原位移植RM-1细胞后第3、6、9、12、15天前列腺体积组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);术后第12天开始,出现明显尿潴留、双侧或单侧输尿管扩张、肾脏体积增大、肾盂扩张;组织学观察发现术后前列腺癌细胞逐渐取代正常的前列腺组织,术后第12天组可见肿瘤侵犯周围肌肉,术后第15天组可见肿瘤侵犯精囊和膀胱.术后第3、6、9天未见明显盆腔淋巴结转移,第12、15天盆腔淋巴结转移率均为80%.各组均未发现明显的远处器官转移.各组小鼠成瘤率均为100%.小鼠平均荷瘤生存期为(15.60±0.89)d.结论 虽然未见明确的器官转移情况,但该模型能够较好的模拟人类前列腺癌的发生、发展、局部侵袭及淋巴转移的过程,是一种较理想的前列腺癌动物模型.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the regularity in establishing the prostate cancer orthotopic transplantation model in C57BL/6 mice. Methods RM-1 cells (0.5×106)were injected into the right and left dorsal lateral prostate capsules of 30 C57BL/6 male mice respectively using micro-syringe. Five mice were sacrificed every three days to observe the local growth, the occurrence and development of prostate cancer, and the remaining five mice were fed to death to calculate the average survival period of tumorbearing mice. Results The volume of prostates was significantly different among the five groups. From the 12th day, significant retention of urine, ureterectasia (bilateral or unilateral ), increased kidney volume and pelviectasis were observed. The rate of tumor formation in the five groups which included the 3rd, 6th,9th, 12th d and 15th day was all 100%. HE staining showed that prostate cancer cells gradually replaced the normal prostate tissue. At the 12th day, muscle tissue around prostate was invaded by prostate cancer.In some samples there was metastasis of seminal vesicles and bladder at the 15th day. The rate of metastasis in pelvic lymph nodes at the 12th or 15th day was 80%. The average survival period of tumor-bearing mice was (15.60±0.89) days. Conclusion The prostate cancer orthotopic transplantation model in C57BL/6 mice can better simulate the process of occurrence, development, local invasion and lymph node metastasis of human prostate cancer and be suitably used as a model of prostate cancer research.