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121.
Mandelson MT Miglioretti D Newcomb PA Harrison R Potter JD 《Cancer causes & control : CCC》2003,14(10):979-984
INTRODUCTION: Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among US men and women. A number of studies report that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) reduces the risk of colorectal cancer, but fewer studies have examined the relation between HRT use and survival after diagnosis and none examined this relation by anatomic location of the primary colon tumor. METHODS: Data from a cohort of 699 women 50-79 years of age diagnosed with colon cancer between 1980 and 1998 in a large Health Maintenance Organization based in Seattle, Washington were analyzed to examine the relation between HRT use prior to diagnosis and survival. Use of HRT was ascertained from a computerized pharmacy database. RESULTS: HRT use was associated with a 41% reduction in risk of death after adjustment for age, stage, and diagnosis year (p= 0.037). The association between HRT use and colon cancer survival was strongest among women with cancer in the distal colon (hazard rate ratio 0.33, 95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 0.13-0.83), while little or no association between HRT use and survival was observed among women with proximal tumors (HRR 0.78, 95% CI: 0.42-1.44). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that HRT use is associated with improved survival from colon cancer. Future observational and laboratory studies should shed light on how hormones may be related to reduced incidence and improved prognosis. 相似文献
122.
Brian L Sprague Amy Trentham-Dietz Curtis J Hedman Jue Wang Jocelyn DC Hemming John M Hampton Diana SM Buist Erin J Aiello Bowles Gale S Sisney Elizabeth S Burnside 《Breast cancer research : BCR》2013,15(3):R45
Introduction
Humans are widely exposed to estrogenically active phthalates, parabens, and phenols, raising concerns about potential effects on breast tissue and breast cancer risk. We sought to determine the association of circulating serum levels of these chemicals (reflecting recent exposure) with mammographic breast density (a marker of breast cancer risk).Methods
We recruited postmenopausal women aged 55 to 70 years from mammography clinics in Madison, Wisconsin (N = 264). Subjects completed a questionnaire and provided a blood sample that was analyzed for mono-ethyl phthalate, mono-butyl phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate, butyl paraben, propyl paraben, octylphenol, nonylphenol, and bisphenol A (BPA). Percentage breast density was measured from mammograms by using a computer-assisted thresholding method.Results
Serum BPA was positively associated with mammographic breast density after adjusting for age, body mass index, and other potentially confounding factors. Mean percentage density was 12.6% (95% confidence interval (CI), 11.4 to 14.0) among the 193 women with nondetectable BPA levels, 13.7% (95% CI, 10.7 to 17.1) among the 35 women with detectable levels below the median (<0.55 ng/ml), and 17.6% (95% CI, 14.1 to 21.5) among the 34 women with detectable levels above the median (>0.55 ng/ml; Ptrend = 0.01). Percentage breast density was also elevated (18.2%; 95% CI, 13.4 to 23.7) among the 18 women with serum mono-ethyl phthalate above the median detected level (>3.77 ng/ml) compared with women with nondetectable BPA levels (13.1%; 95% CI, 11.9 to 14.3; Ptrend = 0.07). No other chemicals demonstrated associations with percentage breast density.Conclusions
Postmenopausal women with high serum levels of BPA and mono-ethyl phthalate had elevated breast density. Further investigation of the impact of BPA and mono-ethyl phthalate on breast cancer risk by using repeated serum measurements or other markers of xenoestrogen exposure are needed. 相似文献123.
Laila M. Sherief Elhamy Rifky Mohamed Attia Reda Ahmed Naglaa M. Kamal Mohammed A. M. Oshi Diana Hanna 《Medicine》2022,101(45)
Hearing damage is one of the main toxic effects of platinum compounds, it derives from the irreversible degeneration of hair cells of the ear. Genetic association studies have suggested an association between GSTP1 c.313A>G variant and platinum-induced ototoxicity in childhood cancer survivors. We aimed to detect the frequency of ototoxicity and associated risk factors in survivors of childhood cancer receiving platinum-based chemotherapy and to detect the relation between GSTP1 c.313A>G (rs1695) polymorphisms and ototoxicity. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 64 cancer survivors who received platinum agents (cisplatin and/or carboplatin) at least 2 years after the end of chemotherapy. The patients underwent comprehensive audiological evaluations and genotyping to detect the presence of the GSTP1 c.313A>G polymorphisms. Hearing loss (HL) was identified in 16/64 patients (25%), including 62.5% treated with cisplatin and 37.5% treated with carboplatin. The greater incidence of ototoxicity was found in children treated for osteosarcoma (28.1%) followed by patients with germ cell tumors (25%) and neuroblastoma (21.9%). The AA, AG, and GG types of GSTP1 c.313A>G variant were detected in 84.4%, 9.4%, and 6.3%, respectively, of patients with HL with a significant association between mutant genotype of GSTP1 rs1695 and platinum-induced ototoxicity (P = .035). HL was not significantly associated with the total cumulative dose of cisplatin and carboplatin. GSTP1 c.313A>G variant may increase the risk of HL in pediatric oncology patients treated with cisplatin or carboplatin chemotherapy. 相似文献
124.
Fernando Montejo-Alvaro Jesus A. Martínez-Espinosa Hugo Rojas-Chvez Diana C. Navarro-Ibarra Heriberto Cruz-Martínez Dora I. Medina 《Materials》2022,15(17)
CO2 adsorption on bare 3d transition-metal nanoclusters and 3d transition-metal nanoclusters supported on pyridinic N3-doped graphene (PNG) was investigated by employing the density functional theory. First, the interaction of Co13 and Cu13 with PNG was analyzed by spin densities, interaction energies, charge transfers, and HUMO-LUMO gaps. According to the interaction energies, the Co13 nanocluster was adsorbed more efficiently than Cu13 on the PNG. The charge transfer indicated that the Co13 nanocluster donated more charges to the PNG nanoflake than the Cu13 nanocluster. The HUMO-LUMO gap calculations showed that the PNG improved the chemical reactivity of both Co13 and Cu13 nanoclusters. When the CO2 was adsorbed on the bare 3d transition-metal nanoclusters and 3d transition-metal nanoclusters supported on the PNG, it experienced a bond elongation and angle bending in both systems. In addition, the charge transfer from the nanoclusters to the CO2 molecule was observed. This study proved that Co13/PNG and Cu13/PNG composites are adequate candidates for CO2 adsorption and activation. 相似文献
125.
Diana Elena Vizitiu Daniela Ionela Sardarescu Irina Fierascu Radu Claudiu Fierascu Liliana Cristina Soare Camelia Ungureanu Elena Cocuta Buciumeanu Ionela Catalina Guta Letitia Mariana Pandelea 《Materials》2022,15(22)
Starting from the well-known antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles, the goal of this study is to evaluate the influence of two “green” recipes, namely an alcoholic extract of Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott and a dispersion of silver nanoparticles phytosynthesized using the extract on grapevine pathogens. The influence of some grapevine parameters (pith/wood rapport, soluble sugars, starch, total sugars, total water content, length of young shoots, number of grapes) in field experiments was also studied. The study was conducted on four clones (Feteasca alba 97 St., Feteasca neagra 6 St., Feteasca regala 72 St., and Cabernet Sauvignon 131 St.) located in vegetation pots inside a greenhouse. For the phytosynthesis of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) we used a scaled-up technology, allowing us to obtain large quantities of nanoparticles-containing solution. The AgNPs analysis by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the synthesis of spherical and quasi-spherical nanoparticles of 17 nm average diameter and 6.72 nm crystallite size. The field experiments registered different responses of the four clones to the treatment, using both the natural extracts and phytosynthesized nanoparticles solution. Both recipes exhibited a protective effect against the Uncinula necator pathogen. For the treatment using phytosynthesized nanoparticles, significant increases in the pith/wood ratio for white wine clones (Feteasca alba 97 St. and Feteasca regala 72 St.) were observed. The biochemical analyses revealed other significant increases of soluble sugars (red wine clones—Feteasca neagra and Cabernet Sauvignon/second year), starch (Feteasca alba and Cabernet Sauvignon in 2021 for both clones), total sugars (Feteasca alba and Feteasca neagra in 2021 for both clones), and of total water content (Feteasca alba and Feteasca neagra in 2021 for both clones), respectively. The applied treatments also led to an increase of young shoots length and grape numbers for all clones as compared to the control (chemical pesticide), which would suggest a potential biostimulant effect of the recipes. 相似文献
126.
Gwinyai Masukume Blandina T. Mmbaga Charles P. Dzamalala Yohannie B. Mlombe Peter Finch Gissela Nyakunga-Maro Alex Mremi Daniel R. S. Middleton Clement T. Narh Steady J. D. Chasimpha Behnoush Abedi-Ardekani Diana Menya Joachim Schüz Valerie McCormack 《British journal of cancer》2022,127(6):1106
Background Consumption of very-hot beverages/food is a probable carcinogen. In East Africa, we investigated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) risk in relation to four thermal exposure metrics separately and in a combined score.Methods From the ESCCAPE case–control studies in Blantyre, Malawi (2017-20) and Kilimanjaro, Tanzania (2015-19), we used logistic regression models adjusted for country, age, sex, alcohol and tobacco, to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for self-reported thermal exposures whilst consuming tea, coffee and/or porridge.Results The study included 849 cases and 906 controls. All metrics were positively associated with ESCC: temperature of drink/food (OR 1.92 (95% CI: 1.50, 2.46) for ‘very hot’ vs ‘hot’), waiting time before drinking/eating (1.76 (1.37, 2.26) for <2 vs 2–5 minutes), consumption speed (2.23 (1.78, 2.79) for ‘normal’ vs ‘slow’) and mouth burning (1.90 (1.19, 3.01) for ≥6 burns per month vs none). Amongst consumers, the composite score ranged from 1 to 12, and ESCC risk increased with higher scores, reaching an OR of 4.6 (2.1, 10.0) for scores of ≥9 vs 3.Conclusions Thermal exposure metrics were strongly associated with ESCC risk. Avoidance of very-hot food/beverage consumption may contribute to the prevention of ESCC in East Africa.Subject terms: Risk factors, Cancer epidemiology 相似文献
127.
Mohamad Bassam Sonbol Rabbia Siddiqi Pedro Luiz Serrano Uson Jr Surabhi Pathak Belal Firwana Gehan Botrus Diana Almader-Douglas Daniel H Ahn Mitesh J Borad Jason Starr Jeremy Jones Chee-Chee Stucky Rory Smoot Irbaz Bin Riaz Tanios Bekaii-Saab 《The oncologist》2022,27(12):1034
BackgroundDespite multiple randomized trials, the role of perioperative chemotherapy in colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) is still under debate. In this systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA), we aim to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative systemic therapies for patients with CRLM.MethodsWe searched various databases for abstracts and full-text articles published from database inception through May 2021.We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the addition of perioperative (post, pre, or both) systemic therapies to surgery alone in patients with CRLM. The outcomes were compared according to the chemotherapy regimen using a random effects model. Outcomes of interest included disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsSeven RCTs with a total of 1504 patients with CRLM were included. Six studies included post-operative treatment and one evaluated perioperative (pre- and postoperative) therapy. Fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy was the most used systemic therapy. NMA showed benefit of adding perioperative therapy to surgery in terms of DFS (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.84). However, these findings did not translate into a statistically significant OS benefit (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.05). NMA did not show any advantage of one regimen over another including oxaliplatin or irinotecan.ConclusionsThis systematic review and NMA of 7 RCTs found that the addition of perioperative systemic treatment for resectable CRLM could improve disease-free survival but not overall survival. Based on the findings, addition of perioperative treatment in resectable CRLM should be individualized weighing the risks and benefits.The role of perioperative chemotherapy in colorectal cancer liver metastasis is unclear. This review evaluates the efficacy of perioperative systemic therapies for patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis.Implications for PracticeThe role of adding systemic therapy to surgery in patients with resectable colorectal liver metastases is unclear. In this network meta-analysis of 7 trials, we found that the addition of systemic therapy improves disease-free survival but not overall survival. Therefore, chemotherapy should not be uniformly recommended in this setting. 相似文献
128.
Luisa Carbognin Cristina Accetta Danilo Di Giorgio Paola Fuso Margherita Muratore Giordana Tiberi Francesco Pavese Tatiana DAngelo Alessandra Fabi Diana Giannarelli Alba Di Leone Stefano Magno Giorgia Garganese Alejandro Martin Sanchez Daniela Andreina Terribile Gianluca Franceschini Riccardo Masetti Giovanni Scambia Ida Paris 《Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)》2022,29(10):7218
The prevention of chemotherapy-induced alopecia still represents an urgent need for every day clinical practice. In this regard, this prospective single-center study included breast cancer (BC) patients who underwent a scalp cooling device (Dignicap®) during (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy with the aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this device in preventing alopecia. One hundred and seventy-eight patients (median age 43 years) were enrolled. The chemotherapy regimen included anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy (68.1%), docetaxel and cyclophosphamide (25.8%), anthracycline and taxane-based plus carboplatin (3.9%), and paclitaxel alone (2.2%). In 25.3% of cases, a dose dense schedule was used. Overall, the success rate was 68.0%: 100% in paclitaxel alone, 87.0% in docetaxel-cyclophosphamide, 59.5% in anthracycline and taxane, and 71.4% in the sequential regimen plus carboplatin group (anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy versus taxane-based chemotherapy, p ≤ 001. No difference in terms of hair preservation between dose-dense or standard schedule was found (p = 0.557). Early discontinuation of the scalp cooling was observed in 50 patients (28.1%). Although 138 patients (77.5%) experienced adverse events, 70.2% of patients were satisfied with this device. In conclusion, this large prospective study confirmed the helpful effect of the scalp cooling system in preventing alopecia in BC patients also undergoing sequential anthracyclines and taxane-based chemotherapy. 相似文献
129.
130.
Aaron Schokman Yu Sun Bin Diana Naehrig Janet M Y Cheung Kristina Kairaitis Nick Glozier 《Sleep》2022,45(10)
Study ObjectivesTo systematically determine subjective and objective outcome measures used to measure the efficacy of narcolepsy interventions in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adults and children and assess psychometric properties of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used.MethodsWe searched bibliographical databases and clinical trial registries for narcolepsy RCTs and extracted objective and subjective outcome measures. If PROMs were used, we searched for psychometric studies conducted in a narcolepsy population using bibliographical databases and appraised using Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guidelines.ResultsIn total, 80 different outcome measures were used across 100 RCTs. Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) (n = 49) and Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (n = 47) were the most frequently used outcome measures. We found 19 validation studies of 10 PROMs in narcolepsy populations. There was limited evidence for validity or responsiveness of the ESS; yet sufficient reliability (pooled ICC: 0.81–0.87). Narcolepsy Severity Scale (NSS) had sufficient reliability (pooled ICC: 0.71–0.92) and both adult and pediatric versions had sufficient discriminant validity (treated/untreated). Content validity was only evaluated in pediatric populations for ESS-CHAD and NSS-P and rated inconclusive. Quality of evidence of the psychometric studies for all scales ranged from very low to low.ConclusionsAlthough recognized by regulatory bodies and widely used as primary outcome measures in trials, there is surprisingly little evidence for the validity, reliability, and responsiveness of PROMs frequently used to assess treatment efficacy in narcolepsy. The field needs to establish patient-centered minimal clinically important differences for the PROMs used in these trials. 相似文献