云南省19县市小兽体表蚤类群落和进化生态的初步研究

目的了解云南省19县（市）的小兽体表蚤类不同生境的群落多样性,并对其协同进化进行研究。方法运用群落生态学常用的丰富度指数、均匀度指数、多样性指数、生态优势度、种问随机相遇率指数和构成比进行分析研究。结果本次研究共捕获小兽10856只,分别隶属于10科,27属,47种。从这些小兽体表采获9532只蚤类,分别隶属于5科,22属,39种。5种优势小兽分别是黄胸鼠、大绒鼠、齐氏姬鼠、褐家鼠和锡金小鼠（占总数的71．69％）;5种优势蚤类分别是方叶栉眼蚤、印鼠客蚤、缓慢细蚤、无值大椎蚤、和特新蚤（占总数的74．33％）。结论不同生境中蚤类群落与小兽群落的多样性指数有一致的变化趋势。不同生境中优势蚤类与优势小兽亦有相对应关系。在一定生境中的优势蚤类也是小兽宿主体表的优势蚤种。研究结果可能是蚤类与小兽宿主间协同进化的一个证据。     

联合降压对中青年女性高血压病患者性功能的影响

目的 探讨以非洛地平为基础的联合降压方案在降压达标的基础上对中青年女性高血压病患者性功能的影响.方法 研究采用前瞻性、随机、平行、对照、开放、固定治疗的设计方案.选择2008-2009年在兰州大学第二医院就诊的中青年(年龄18～60岁)女性1～2级高血压病患者99例,随机分2组:非洛地平缓释片5 mg/d+厄贝沙坦片150 mg/d(F+I组,n=49),非洛地平缓释片5 mg/d+琥珀酸美托洛尔片47.5 mg/d(F+M组,n=50).以美国女性性功能指数量表(FSFI)进行问卷调查并检测血清雌二醇和总睾酮的含量,随访24周.FSFI总分以小于25.5定义为性功能障碍,以血压＜140/90 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)为达标.结果 F+I组与F+M组治疗第4、8、12周和第24周血压达标率分别为42.9%比62.0%、89.8%比90.0%、93.9%比94.0%和98.0%比96.0%,两组之间比较差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).绝经前与绝经后患者在F+I组治疗后性欲指数和性唤起功能指数均升高(P分别＜0.05或＜0.01),雌二醇水平升高[绝经前:(50.3±37.4)pg/L比(54.4±10.8)pg/L,绝经后:(18.4±2.9)pg/L比(20.2±3.1)pg/L,P分别＜0.05或＜0.01],睾酮水平下降[绝经前:(722.8±277.1)ng/L比(650.0±156.0)ng/L,绝经后:(841.2±279.3)ng/L比(761.9±197.8)ng/L,P分别＜0.05或＜0.01];在F+M组治疗后性欲指数和阴道湿润度指数均降低(均P＜0.01),雌二醇水平降低[绝经前:(57.4±9.7)pg/L比(51.1±12.1)pg/L,绝经后:(19.8±2.3)pg/L比(17.8±3.3)pg/L,均P＜0.01],睾酮水平升高[绝经前:(775.6±217.8)ng/L比(886.0±186.4)ng/L,绝经后:(812.5±311.3)ng/L比(914.4±300.2)ng/L,均P＜0.01].高血压组FSFI总分与年龄和收缩压水平均呈负相关(均P＜0.01).结论 非洛地平缓释片与厄贝沙坦片或琥珀酸美托洛尔片联合降压达标率相同.前者可以在一定程度改善女性高血压病患者性功能.     

传染性单核细胞增多症患儿外周血Th17细胞表达的研究

目的 探讨传染性单核细胞增多症(IM)患儿外周血Th17细胞、IL-17、IL-6水平的变化及临床意义.方法 分离IM患儿和健康者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),免疫磁珠阴选CD4+T淋巴细胞,然后加佛波酯/离子霉素(PMA/Ion),经固定,透膜处理进行细胞内染色,流式细胞术检测CD4+T淋巴细胞内IL-17、IL-6水平.结果 IM患儿急性期IL-17、IL-6表达水平显著高于恢复期(P＜0.01),两者又显著高于健康对照组(P＜0.01).结论 IM患儿外周血中存在异常增高的Th17细胞及其分泌的细胞因子,且其水平与病情活动相关,是判断IM患儿免疫状态和预后的指标之一.     

组织多普勒成像评价冠心病患者左心房功能的临床研究

目的应用组织多普勒超声技术（TDI）检测冠心病患者左心房功能,评价左心房功能与冠脉病变程度的关系,并观察经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术（PCI）后冠心病患者左心房功能的变化。方法研究对象共200例,其中160例为疑诊冠心病,接受冠状动脉造影术或PCI治疗的患者,根据冠脉造影结果,分为动脉粥样硬化组和冠心病组,并按照Gensini积分分为4组,对所有研究对象行左心房功能常规超声指标测量并利用TDI测量左心房侧壁运动的峰值速度（Va）及左心房收缩起始时间（To）、达峰时间（Tp）、终止时间（Te）。行PCI术患者于术后3 d、1个月复查以上指标。选取40例正常人作为对照组。结果①与正常组相比,动脉粥样硬化组常规超声指标无统计学差异（P〉0.05）,冠心病组左心房内侧横径、面积、容积增大,面积排空分数、容积排空分数下降,二尖瓣血流E/A减低（P〈0.05）;②随着Gensini积分的增加,Va值下降（P〈0.05）,To、Tp、Te值增加（P〈0.05）;③与术前相比,冠心病患者PCI术后3 d左心房功能有所改善,但无显著差异（P〉0.05）;术后1个月,左心房内侧横径、面积、容积减小,面积排空分数、容积排空分数增加,Va值上升、To、Tp、Te值减小,E/A增加（P〈0.05）。结论利用组织多普勒成像技术可以客观准确地评价冠心病患者左心房功能;左心房功能与冠脉病变程度有良好的相关性,随着冠脉病变程度加重,左心房功能逐渐减低;PCI术可以改善冠心病患者的左心房功能。     

Diffusion tensor imaging characterization of occult brain damage in relapsing neuromyelitis optica using 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging techniques

Studies of relapsing neuromyelitis optica (RNMO) using advanced MRI techniques are limited compared with those done on multiple sclerosis (MS). The present study used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate whether occult brain damage exists in RNMO patients. DTI scans using a 3.0T MRI scanner were performed in 24 clinically confirmed RNMO patients whose conventional brain MRI results were normal, and also in 24 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. DTI data were processed to generate fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) maps, and region of interest (ROI) analyses were performed to obtain these parameters in white matter (including medulla oblongata, cerebral peduncle, optic radiation, genu of corpus callosum, splenium of corpus callosum, and internal capsule) and gray matter (including thalamus and putamen). Regional measures from patients at stable and acute phases were compared with healthy controls. Both acute and stable NMO patients had a higher average FA in ROIs of the thalamus and putamen. Acute NMO patients had significantly higher average MDs than controls in the genu of corpus callosum and optic radiation, and significantly lower average MDs in the medulla oblongata. Stable NMO patients had increased MDs in the genu of corpus callosum and optic radiation, but lower MDs in the medulla oblongata, internal capsule and thalamus. The DTI findings confirm the presence of occult tissue damage in normal-appearance white and gray matter, especially deep gray matter, in RNMO patients. This study adds further to the evidence that DTI is suitable as a tool for characterizing subtle brain tissue damage.     

Conformational isomerization kinetics of pent-1-en-4-yne with 3,330 cm-1 of internal energy measured by dynamic rotational spectroscopy

We demonstrate the application of molecular rotational spectroscopy to measure the conformation isomerization rate of vibrationally excited pent-1-en-4-yne (pentenyne). The rotational spectra of single quantum states of pentenyne are acquired by using a combination of IR–Fourier transform microwave double-resonance spectroscopy and high-resolution, single-photon IR spectroscopy. The quantum states probed in these experiments have energy eigenvalues of ≈3,330 cm⁻¹ and lie above the barrier to conformational isomerization. At this energy, the presence of intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution (IVR) is indicated through the extensive local perturbations found in the high-resolution rotation–vibration spectrum of the acetylenic C–H stretch normal-mode fundamental. The fact that the IVR process produces isomerization is deduced through a qualitatively different appearance of the excited-state rotational spectra compared with the pure rotational spectra of pentenyne. The rotational spectra of the vibrationally excited molecular eigenstates display coalescence between the characteristic rotational frequencies of the stable cis and skew conformations of the molecule. This coalescence is observed for quantum states prepared from laser excitation originating in the ground vibrational state of either of the two stable conformers. Experimental isomerization rates are extracted by using a three-state Bloch model of the dynamic rotational spectra that includes the effects of chemical exchange between the stable conformations. The time scale for the conformational isomerization rate of pentenyne at total energy of 3,330 cm⁻¹ is ≈25 ps and is 50 times slower than the microcanonical isomerization rate predicted by the statistical Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus theory.     

胃肠电生理起搏治疗胃肠动力障碍性疾病的临床疗效

目的　探讨胃肠电生理起搏对胃肠动力障碍性疾病的疗效 ,并探索其可能的作用机制。方法　 82例胃肠动力障碍性疾病患者 ,随机分为 2组 ,低频和高频起搏组分别为 5 0和 32例 ,分别采用1 .1～ 1 .2倍内源性胃慢波频率 (IGF)叠加 1 0Hz的双极脉冲方波和 4 .0倍IGF叠加 30Hz双极脉冲方波进行起搏。胃起搏 1次 /d ,每次 4 5min ,共 1 5d。采用 8导联胃电图仪 (EGG)记录患者空腹状态和进食试餐后的胃电活动各 1h。分别于治疗前、治疗 1 5d后对胃电图和各种症状的改善情况进行评估。结果　治疗 1 5d后 ,除高频起搏组反酸外 ,患者各症状评分均有改善 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 4 )。高频起搏组治疗后恶心、呕吐的改善较低频起搏组更为明显 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而低频起搏组早饱、嗳气的缓解则较高频起搏组更显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但两组间症状总积分的比较差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。治疗后低频起搏组餐后过速频率较治疗前显著降低 [(3.4 3± 0 .2 5 )次 /min比 (3.0 1± 0 .2 0 )次 /min ,P <0 .0 5 ],餐后过缓频率则显著增加 [(2 .4 1± 0 .4 3)次 /min比 (2 .6 7± 0 .2 6 )次 /min ,P <0 .0 5 ]。但无论在空腹状态或餐后 ,高频起搏组治疗前后其胃电主频率无明显改变 (P >0 .0 5 )。两组患者治疗后正常胃电节律百分比     

胃癌组织ras基因群点突变及其一患者预后的关系(英文)

目的研究ｒａｓ基因点突变与胃癌患者预后的关系．方法应用多聚酶链延伸反应—限制性片段长度多态性分析法（ＰＣＲ－ＲＦＬＰ）对８８例福尔马林固定，石蜡包埋胃癌组织ＣＨａｒａｓ第１２位、６１位，Ｋｒａｓ第１２位、１３位和Ｎｒａｓ第１２位密码子的点突变进行检测．结果ｒａｓ基因群总突率为１８２％（１６／８８），点突变的与肿瘤浆膜浸润、淋巴结转移、临床病理分期及术后的生存期密切相关．结论检测胃癌组织ｒａｓ基因群点突变有助于判断胃癌患者的预后．     

Effect of hepatitis C virus infection on expression of several cancer associated gene products in hepatocellular carcinoma *

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自由基在实验性胃癌及癌前病变发生中的作用

目的探讨自由基在胃癌及其癌前病变发生中的作用．方法将１００只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠分为２组，实验组（７０只），给予１００ｍｇ／Ｌ甲基硝基亚硝基胍（ＭＮＮＧ）水溶液自由饮用３０ｗｋ，对照组（３０只）饮用自来水．选５个时相点，动态观察ＭＮＮＧ诱发实验性胃癌及其癌前病变过程中大鼠体内丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）、脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨＰＸ）及超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）等的变化情况．结果在实验组，ＭＤＡ平均含量在５２ｗｋ非常显著地大于０ｗｋ（Ｐ＜００１），并显著地大于１６ｗｋ以前（Ｐ＜００５）．胃癌组织ＭＤＡ含量显著高于胃癌癌前病变组织（Ｐ＜００５）．癌组织ＬＰＯ的含量显著高于癌前病变组织（Ｐ＜００５）．实验组，总ＳＯＤ和ＣｕＺｎＳＯＤ活性在５２ｗｋ明显低于１６ｗｋ之前（分别为Ｐ＜００５和Ｐ＜００１）．癌组织ＣｕＺｎＳＯＤ含量非常显著地小于正常胃粘膜（Ｐ＜００１），亦明显低于胃粘膜异型增生和肠上皮化生（Ｐ＜００５）．在３０ｗｋ和５２ｗｋＧＳＨＰＸ活性显著低于１６ｗｋ以前．结论自由基在实验性胃癌及其癌前病变发生中具有一定作用，自由基清除剂可能对胃癌的综合防治具有积极意义