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排序方式: 共有184条查询结果,搜索用时 18 毫秒
171.
This study was performed to formulate femoral venous catheterization guidelines for infants from ultrasound observations. Femoral vessels were evaluated on both sides in 75 infants, 2 weeks to 24 months of age. The site of the greatest probability of successful venipuncture 1 cm below the skin crease at the groin is located 4 to 5 mm medial to the femoral artery pulse. If it is assumed that entry into the central half of the vein will result in successful catheterization, successive attempts 5 mm and 6 mm medial to the pulse would result in cumulative successful insertion in 53% and 61%, respectively, with no arterial punctures. A third attempt 4 mm medial to the pulse further increases cumulative success to 78%, but 3% arterial punctures would occur. These guidelines are intended to facilitate achievement of femoral venous catheterization, minimizing arterial punctures and number of needle passes required. 相似文献
172.
S Gorton 《The Medical journal of Australia》1991,155(6):422-423
173.
Evidence suggests that levobupivacaine has similar pharmacodynamic properties to racemic bupivacaine. We sought to investigate whether this similarity extends to opioid sparing when levobupivacaine is used for epidural analgesia in laboring women by quantifying the effect of fentanyl on the minimum local analgesic concentration (MLAC) of levobupivacaine. One-hundred-six women requesting epidural analgesia for labor pain were recruited in this randomized, double-blinded, up-down sequential allocation study. Each received 20 mL of one of three test solutions: levobupivacaine control, levobupivacaine and fentanyl 2 microg/mL, or levobupivacaine and fentanyl 3 microg/mL. The initial levobupivacaine concentration was 0.07% wt/vol in each group, with subsequent concentrations of levobupivacaine being determined by the response of the previous patient (testing interval 0.01% wt/vol). Efficacy was accepted if the visual analog score decreased to 10 mm or less on a 100-mm scale within 30 min. The MLAC of levobupivacaine in the control group was 0.091% wt/vol (95% CI, 0.052-0.130). Fentanyl at concentrations of 2 microg/mL and 3 microg/mL significantly reduced the MLAC of levobupivacaine to 0.047% wt/vol (95% CI, 0.023-0.072) and 0.050% wt/vol (95% CI, 0.035-0.065), respectively (P < 0.001). A dose-dependent effect was not demonstrated. We conclude that fentanyl significantly reduces levobupivacaine requirements for epidural analgesia in labor. 相似文献
174.
175.
Mori C Morsey B Levin M Gorton TS De Guise S 《Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A》2008,71(4):266-275
Organochlorines (OC) are lipophilic and stable, and therefore accumulate in tissues of top predators, such as marine mammals. While the immunomodulatory effects of individual OC have been studied in lab animals, their effects in other species (such as marine mammals) and the possible interactions between chemicals in mixtures are not well understood. This study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of four polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB, IUPAC numbers 138, 153, 169, and 180), as well as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), individually and in mixtures, in marine mammals and mice. Mitogen-induced B lymphocyte proliferation was mostly modulated by non-coplanar PCBs, for which general mechanisms underlying toxicity are poorly understood. Simple additive effects of OC in mixtures were found only in mice, while both synergistic and antagonistic interactions between OC were found in marine mammals. The toxic equivalency (TEQ) approach, which is currently used to assess the dioxin-like toxicity of OC mixtures, failed to predict immunotoxicity in mice and marine mammals, likely due to the complexity of interactions between OC and effects via dioxin-independent pathways. The commonly used mouse model failed to predict the immunotoxicity due to OC in the marine mammals tested. In addition, clustering data suggested that phylogeny might not help predict the toxicity of OC. Lymphoproliferative response was modulated in most species tested suggesting the possibility of increased susceptibility to infectious diseases in these animals. These findings may be helpful in more accurately characterizing the immunotoxic potential of OC in different target species and help in more relevant risk assessment. 相似文献
176.
177.
N. R. H. Stone R. L. Gorton K. Barker P. Ramnarain C. C. Kibbler 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2013,51(4):1301-1302
The PNA-FISH Yeast Traffic Light assay was performed on 54 clinical isolates of yeasts inoculated into blood culture bottles. The assay showed high sensitivity (Candida albicans/C. parapsilosis, 100%; C. glabrata/C. krusei, 92.3%; C. tropicalis, 100%) and specificity (C. albicans/C. parapsilosis, 100%; C. glabrata/C. krusei, 94.8%; C. tropicalis, 100%). Case note review estimated a change in therapy in 29% of cases had the PNA-FISH result been available to the clinician. 相似文献
178.
Montpetit K Haley S Bilodeau N Ni P Tian F Gorton G Mulcahey MJ 《Physical & occupational therapy in pediatrics》2011,31(1):90-102
This article reports on the content range and measurement precision of an upper extremity (UE) computer adaptive testing (CAT) platform of physical function in children with cerebral palsy. Upper extremity items representing skills of all abilities were administered to 305 parents. These responses were compared with two traditional standardized measures: Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument and Functional Independence Measure for Children. The UE CAT correlated strongly with the upper extremity component of these measures and had greater precision when describing individual functional ability. The UE item bank has wider range with items populating the lower end of the ability spectrum. This new UE item bank and CAT have the capability to quickly assess children of all ages and abilities with good precision and, most importantly, with items that are meaningful and appropriate for their age and level of physical function. 相似文献
179.
180.
Palisano RJ Orlin M Chiarello LA Oeffinger D Polansky M Maggs J Gorton G Bagley A Tylkowski C Vogel L Abel M Stevenson R 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2011,(9):1468-1476
Palisano RJ, Orlin M, Chiarello LA, Oeffinger D, Polansky M, Maggs J, Gorton G, Bagley A, Tylkowski C, Vogel L, Abel M, Stevenson R. Determinants of intensity of participation in leisure and recreational activities by youth with cerebral palsy.