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31.
S Pampfer L Vankrieken E Loumaye R De Hertogh K Thomas 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1989,4(4):396-402
Follicular fluids from eight patients with one ovary and from ten patients with two ovaries were investigated for bioactive inhibin, total renin, oestradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) concentrations. Four follicular fluids were pooled per patient before assessment. All women had been stimulated similarly using a protocol including a GnRH agonist, HMG and HCG. Renin levels were significantly lower and P4 significantly higher in pools of follicular fluid from patients with one ovary, whereas inhibin and E2 concentrations were similar in both patient groups. A significant negative correlation was found in the pools of follicular fluid between inhibin and E2 in both groups. These results suggest a role for inhibin and renin in the paracrine and autocrine control of stimulated follicular development. 相似文献
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34.
N G Crisp C B Ijsselmuiden R De Swardt M M Steyn D M Gibbs E T Tshabalala 《Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde》1987,72(5):345-348
Following the outbreak of poliomyelitis in Gazankulu in 1982, the immunisation services in Gazankulu were thoroughly examined. As a result of this, a comprehensive immunisation policy for Gazankulu was accepted in November 1986. The broad aim of the policy is to provide effective immunisation to all Gazankulu residents against tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, poliomyelitis and measles. A specific objective is that by the end of 1987, 85% of under-5s should have been vaccinated against these six diseases and by the end of 1990 this percentage should be 97%. The detailed strategies to reach these objectives are highlighted. Within the framework of the objectives, the policy allows different areas to formulate individual strategies. Programme monitoring and community involvement are two crucial aspects of the policy and these are discussed in detail. The early successes and difficulities in implementing this policy are discussed. 相似文献
35.
Information regarding breast feeding practices of 600 children below 3 years of age attending hospital OPDs and private clinics during 1984-85 were collected. 51.3% received breast milk within 24 hrs. of birth, mean duration of breast feeding being 6 months. 68% of Infants had been given prelacteal feeds. 34% children were exclusively breast fed till 1 month. Insufficient milk was an important reason for discontinuation before 6 months. 相似文献
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37.
Helen J. Michielsen Marcel A. Croon Tineke M. Willemsen Jolanda De Vries Guus L. Van Heck 《Stress and health》2007,23(2):121-130
The main objective of this study was to examine the psychosocial stress model developed by Taylor and Aspinwall with emotional exhaustion as the outcome variable. Respondents, 409 men and 346 women, who had a paid job for at least 20 hours per week, completed questionnaires concerning demographic variables, personality, temperament, work pressure, workload, perceived social support, appraisal, coping, and emotional exhaustion. Structural equation analyses provided only partial support for the validity of the model. First, on theoretical and statistical grounds, one more path linking external resources to social support was added. Second, contrary to expectations, coping styles did not predict emotional exhaustion. To conclude, when coping is measured retrospectively, it does not add to our understanding of emotional exhaustion. It is suggested that future studies should be longitudinal and include objective measures of stressors and psychosocial health outcomes in addition to self‐reports. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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39.
W De Wever Y Vankan S Stroobants J Verschakelen 《The European respiratory journal》2007,29(5):995-1002
The aim of the present study was to assess retrospectively the additional value of positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in the detection of unexpected extrapulmonary lesions in the staging of patients with a malignant pulmonary lesion in comparison with CT and PET used alone. A total of 217 patients with a pathologically proven lung tumour underwent PET/CT. CT, PET and PET/CT were evaluated in the detection of extrapulmonary lesions. These abnormalities were compared with the final diagnosis obtained from the medical records and statistical analysis was carried out. In total, 108 lesions were clinically detected. PET/CT showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy of 100, 81, 71, 100 and 87%, respectively, for the detection of extrapulmonary lesions and 92, 98, 89, 98 and 97%, respectively, for the detection of malignant extrapulmonary lesions. PET/CT was significantly better than CT and PET used alone. Conventional staging work-up has a poor sensitivity in detecting second primary cancers or unexpected metastases. The detection of malignant extrapulmonary lesions is necessary for correct tumour staging. By combining both metabolic and anatomical information, positron emission tomography/computed tomography is able to depict more unexpected extrapulmonary lesions than computed tomography and positron emission tomography used alone, and positron emission tomography/computed tomography provides more additional information of malignancy or benignancy of lesions detected with one of the two imaging modalities alone. 相似文献
40.
E Gadelha Figueiredo M Castillo De la Cruz N Theodore P Deshmukh M C Preul 《Minimally invasive neurosurgery》2006,49(1):37-42
We describe a modified keyhole laminoforaminotomy (LF) using anatomic landmarks on the posterior aspect of the cervical vertebral body to decompress the intervertebral foramen with minimal bone removal. Twenty-four procedures were performed at C3-4, C4-5, and C5-6; 12 at C6-7; and 3 at C7-Tl. Facets and laminae structures were identified based on relative surgical perspectives. Bony resection was limited as follows: 1) inferior limit; inferior border of the superior facet; 2) superior limit, superior border of the superior facet; 3) lateral limit, a vertical line linking the junction of the lamina-facet to the lateral end of the superior limit; and 4) lateral aspect of the dural sac. Fluoroscopy was used to confirm that the intervertebral space was reached. The amount of bony removal was quantified for the superior and inferior laminae and facets. The length of the exposed nerve root was measured. The intervertebral foramen was exposed and the intervertebral disc reached in all specimens. Fluoroscopy showed that the center of the exposure remained at the same height with the intervertebral space. The mean length of the nerve root was 4.6 mm; the mean percentage of bony resection was 21.8%, 7.5%, 11.3%, and 11.5% for the superior and inferior laminae and facets, respectively. Opening the intervertebral foramen posteriorly consistently exposed sufficient nerve root length and allowed access to the intervertebral disc. The technique offers the most direct and safest method of decompressing the intervertebral foramen while minimizing bony resection. This simple surgical procedure may help reduce postoperative morbidity. 相似文献