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11.
Nguyen Van Quan Tran Dang Xuan Hoang-Dung Tran Ateeque Ahmad Tran Dang Khanh Tran Dang Dat 《Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal》2019,27(5):643-649
This study was the first to detect the presence of the two compounds momilactone A (MA) and momilactone B (MB) in rice bran using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). By in vitro assays, both MA and MB exhibited potent inhibitory activities on pancreatic α-amylase and α-glucosidase which were significantly higher than γ-oryzanol, a well-known diabetes inhibitor. Remarkably, MA and MB indicated an effective inhibition on trypsin with the IC50 values of 921.55 and 884.03 µg/mL, respectively. By high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), quantities of MA (6.65 µg/g dry weight) and MB (6.24 µg/g dry weight) in rice bran were determined. Findings of this study revealed the α-amylase, α-glucosidase and trypsin inhibitors MA and MB contributed an active role to the diabetes inhibitory potential of rice bran. 相似文献
12.
13.
乳腺管状小叶癌(Tubulolobular carcinoma,TLC)最初是被作为小叶癌的管状变型。作者总结了27例TLC的组织学、免疫表型和临床特征,并与纯小管癌和经典型小叶癌进行了比较。此组患者年龄43-79岁(中位年龄60岁)。1例双侧乳腺受累,5例病变为多灶性。肿瘤直径0.5-2.5cm,色灰褐,质硬。组织学观察:TLC的肿瘤细胞形成管状和条索状两种结构模式并相互混杂,且两者比例相当(统称为管状小叶模式)。 相似文献
14.
Background
Overweight and obesity prevalence is rapidly rising in developing countries. The reading and understanding of nutrition information on food packages has been shown to improve food choices and instill healthy eating habits in individuals.Objective
The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of food label usage and understanding among urban and rural adults in Zimbabwe and its association with demographic and socio economic factors.Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted on 320 adults (147 urban and 173 rural) using a validated questionnaire adapted from previous similar studies. Data were analysed using SPSS-17 statistical software.Results
A high proportion (77.2%) of the respondents read food labels. Food label reading differed significantly by educational status (p<0.05), employment status (p<0.05) and locality (p<0.05). Only 40.9% of food label readers mostly understood the information on the food labels. More urban shoppers (86.1%) read food labels than their rural counterparts (66.7%). A significant number of participants (80.6%) indicated they would like to be educated on the meaning of food labels and 80.3% preferred the nutrition information on food labels to be simplified.Conclusion
The study found above average reported reading of nutrition information on food labels with partial understanding. Efforts should be made to determine how all consumers could be made to understand the nutrition information on food labels and use it effectively in decision making. 相似文献15.
the Dat’AIDS Cohort 《HIV clinical trials》2013,14(6):339-340
AbstractObjective: With the aim to look for possible ways to reduce individual time from HIV diagnosis to low viraemia and reduced infectivity, we measured time between HIV diagnosis and treatment initiation in a large prospective cohort. Methods: We selected patients initiating care from 2005 to 2010 in 8 French clinical cohorts. Median time from HIV diagnosis to treatment initiation was estimated by log rank, and baseline characteristics related with this duration were analyzed using a multivariate Cox model. Results: Median time from HIV diagnosis to treatment initiation was 8 months in 3,422 patients enrolled in this study and 15 in 215 patients with no straightaway indication. The clinical center in which patients seek care, year of diagnosis, and route of infection were associated with time to treatment initiation. Conclusion: Only 6.2% of the population presented to care with no treatment indication. The median time between diagnosis and treatment initiation was 15 months in this population, and this time period was notably growing shorter each year. 相似文献
16.
Germline mutations of the CDKN2 gene in UK melanoma families 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
Harland M; Meloni R; Gruis N; Pinney E; Brookes S; Spurr NK; Frischauf AM; Bataille V; Peters G; Cuzick J; Selby P; Bishop DT; Bishop JN 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(12):2061-2067
Germline mutations in CDKN2 on chromosome 9p21, which codes for the cyclin
D kinase inhibitor p16, and more rarely, mutations in the gene coding for
CDK4, the protein to which p16 binds, underlie susceptibility in some
melanoma families. We have sequenced all exons of CDKN2 and analysed the
CDK4 gene for mutations in 27 UK families showing evidence of
predisposition to melanoma. Five different germline mutations in CDKN2 were
found in six families. Three of the mutations (Met53Ile, Arg24Pro and
23ins24) have been reported previously. We have identified two novel CDKN2
mutations (88delG and Ala118Thr) which are likely to be associated with the
development of melanoma, because of their co-segregation with the disease
and their likely functional effect on the CDKN2 protein. In binding assays
the protein expressed from the previously described mutation, Met53Ile, did
not bind to CDK4/CDK6, confirming its role as a causal mutation in the
development of melanoma. Ala118Thr appeared to be functional in this assay.
Arg24Pro appeared to bind to CDK6, but not to CDK4. No mutations were
detected in exon 2 of CDK4, suggesting that causal mutations in this gene
are uncommon. The penetrance of these mutant CDKN2 genes is not yet
established, nor is the risk of non-melanoma cancer to gene carriers.
相似文献
17.
D Tran W Vaudry DL Moore JA Bettinger SA Halperin DW Scheifele S Aziz;for the IMPACT investigators 《Pediatrics》2012,130(3):397-406
BACKGROUND: The extent to which pandemic H1N1 influenza (pH1N1) differed from seasonal influenza remains uncertain. METHODS: By using active surveillance data collected by the Immunization Monitoring Program, Active at 12 Canadian pediatric hospitals, we compared characteristics of hospitalized children with pH1N1 with those with seasonal influenza A. We compared demographics, underlying health status, ICU admission, and mortality during both pandemic waves versus the 2004/2005 through the 2008/2009 seasons; influenza-related complications and hospitalization duration during pH1N1 wave 1 versus the 2004/2005 through the 2008/2009 seasons; and presenting signs and symptoms during both pH1N1 waves versus the 2006/2007 through the 2008/2009 seasons. RESULTS: We identified 1265 pH1N1 cases (351 in wave 1, 914 in wave 2) and 1319 seasonal influenza A cases (816 from 2006/2007 through 2008/2009). Median ages were 4.8 (pH1N1) and 1.7 years (seasonal influenza A); P < .0001. Preexisting asthma was overrepresented in pH1N1 relative to seasonal influenza A (13.8% vs 5.5%; adjusted P < .0001). Symptoms more often associated with pH1N1 wave 1 versus seasonal influenza A were cough, headache, and gastrointestinal symptoms (adjusted P < .01 for each symptom). pH1N1 wave 1 cases were more likely to have radiologically confirmed pneumonia (adjusted odds ratio = 2.1; 95% confidence interval = 1.1-3.8) and longer median length of hospital stay (4 vs 3 days; adjusted P = .003) than seasonal influenza A. Proportions of children requiring intensive care and deaths in both pH1N1 waves (14.6% and 0.6%, respectively) were not significantly different from the seasonal influenza A group (12.7% and 0.5%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: pH1N1 in children differed from seasonal influenza A in risk factors, clinical presentation, and length of hospital stay, but not ICU admission or mortality. 相似文献
18.
Caspase-1-induced pyroptosis is an innate immune effector mechanism against intracellular bacteria 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Miao EA Leaf IA Treuting PM Mao DP Dors M Sarkar A Warren SE Wewers MD Aderem A 《Nature immunology》2010,11(12):1136-1142
Macrophages mediate crucial innate immune responses via caspase-1-dependent processing and secretion of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. Although infection with wild-type Salmonella typhimurium is lethal to mice, we show here that a strain that persistently expresses flagellin was cleared by the cytosolic flagellin-detection pathway through the activation of caspase-1 by the NLRC4 inflammasome; however, this clearance was independent of IL-1β and IL-18. Instead, caspase-1-induced pyroptotic cell death released bacteria from macrophages and exposed the bacteria to uptake and killing by reactive oxygen species in neutrophils. Similarly, activation of caspase-1 cleared unmanipulated Legionella pneumophila and Burkholderia thailandensis by cytokine-independent mechanisms. This demonstrates that activation of caspase-1 clears intracellular bacteria in vivo independently of IL-1β and IL-18 and establishes pyroptosis as an efficient mechanism of bacterial clearance by the innate immune system. 相似文献
19.
Gamma-carboxylated isoforms of recombinant human protein S with different biologic properties 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Grinnell BW; Walls JD; Marks C; Glasebrook AL; Berg DT; Yan SB; Bang NU 《Blood》1990,76(12):2546-2554
Human protein S (HPS), a regulator of hemostasis, is a vitamin K- dependent plasma protein with potential clinical utility. We have obtained high-level expression of the cDNA for HPS in two mammalian cell lines. Both cell lines secreted single chain recombinant HPS (rHPS) in serum-free medium as determined by Western blot analysis. The ability of the rHPS from both cell lines to act as a cofactor for human protein C (HPC) was determined; the rHPS secreted from the human 293 cell line had an activity six times that of the rHPS from the AV12-664 Syrian hamster cell line. Furthermore, the relative specific cofactor activity of rHPS from the 293 cell line was actually 2.5-fold higher than that of single-chain human plasma-derived HPS. Essentially all of the rHPS secreted from the 293 cell line exhibited a calcium-dependent elution profile on anion exchange chromatography, whereas only 25% to 35% of the hamster cell-derived rHPS exhibited this profile. However, the calcium-eluted rHPS from the AV12 cell line had a high specific cofactor activity, equivalent to that of the 293-derived rHPS. A NaCl- elutable rHPS fraction (calcium nondependent) was isolated from the recombinant AV12-664 cell line, further purified, and found to have reduced activity, only 40% that of the calcium-dependent rHPS. The only observable difference in the calcium-dependent and nondependent rHPS molecules was in the content of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla); the calcium-dependent material contained approximately 10 mol Gla/mol protein whereas the calcium-nondependent material contained only approximately 8 mol Gla/mol of protein. In addition, the calcium- nondependent rHPS had reduced ability to interact with phospholipid vesicles as evidenced by an eightfold increase in the apparent kd. Our data demonstrate the isolation of rHPS with high specific activity, and show that a reduction in as few as two Gla residues dramatically decreases its functional cofactor activity for HPC, due to a reduction in ability to interact with the phospholipid bilayer. 相似文献
20.
Normal and stenotic renal arteries: experimental balloon-expandable intraluminal stenting 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Palmaz JC; Kopp DT; Hayashi H; Schatz RA; Hunter G; Tio FO; Garcia O; Alvarado R; Rees C; Thomas SC 《Radiology》1987,164(3):705-708
Elastic recoil of the vessel wall is a common cause of failure of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in renal arteries. To oppose such recoil, balloon-expandable metal stents were implanted in artificially stenotic renal arteries in pigs and normal renal arteries in dogs and pigs. The stents were then examined angiographically and histologically at regular intervals. All stents were completely covered with endothelialized neointima in 3 weeks. There was no difference in intimal thickness between the stenotic and nonstenotic renal arteries. A large stent diameter and a large open or nonmetal surface may cause less intimal hyperplasia, but nonturbulent, fast arterial flow is probably the most important factor in ensuring long-term patency of the vessel. 相似文献