化疗药诱导卵巢癌细胞凋亡的初步探讨

目的 观察人体内化疗药诱导卵巢癌细胞凋亡及其规律性。方法 采用末端脱氧核苷酰的转移酶方法,对９例卵巢癌腹水患者行腹腔化疗,观察不同时间腹水中卵巢癌细胞凋亡的动态变化,并应用免疫组化法动态检测腹水中肿瘤细胞增殖及Ｂｃｌ－２,Ｂａｘ基因表达。结果 发现化疗后,肿瘤细胞凋亡多在化疗后４８小时达高峰,与化疗前有显著差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）,至１２０小时,凋亡逐渐下降,部分病例降至治疗前水平,化疗后腹腔内肿瘤细     

不同生物相容性的透析膜对红细胞免疫功能的影响

目的：了解血液透析病人透析过程中红细胞免疫功能指标的动态改变及不同生物相容性的透析膜对其变化的影响。方法：分别采用铜仿膜（Ｃｕ膜）、聚砜膜（ＰＳ膜）、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯膜（ＰＭＭＡ膜）,观察了透析过程中不同时相的红细胞免疫功能指标ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂ和ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ的变化。结果：尿毒症病人的 ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂ显著下降, ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ显著增高。透析开始后,早期 ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂ进一步下降,其后逐渐上升;而 ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ早期逐渐增加,其后逐渐稳定。结论：Ｃｕ膜能明显地影响红细胞的免疫功能; Ｐｓ膜次之; ＰＭＭＡ膜对其影响最小。     

急性心肌梗塞特殊疼痛部位原因分析及护理

急性心肌梗塞是常见急症之一,临床上以心前区疼痛为典型症状不易忽视,但有些急性心肌梗塞早期缺乏疼痛症状,或疼痛部位表现不一,如不及时救治,病死率很高。现将我科１９９６年１月至１９９８年１月收治的特殊疼痛部位的急性心肌梗塞３２例的观察护理体会总结如下。１...     

砷对小鼠脂质过氧化和抗氧化能力的影响

采用动物实验方法,研究砷对小鼠各组织ＭＤＡ含量,ＳＯＤ活力及全血ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活力的影响。结果显示：心脏的中、高剂量组ＭＤＡ水平显著高于对照组和低剂量组,而ＳＯＤ活力则是中、高剂量组显著低于对照组和低剂量组;肝脏的染毒组ＭＤＡ水平均显著高于对照组,而ＳＯＤ活力低剂量组显著高于其它３组,中、高剂量组显著低于对照组和低剂量组;肾脏中仅高剂量组ＭＤＡ水平显著高于对照组,而ＳＯＤ活力各组间无显著差异。全血中的ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活力显著下降,并呈剂量－效应关系。表明,砷可促进机体脂质过氧化,抑制抗氧化酶（ＳＯＤ,ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）的活力。     

Lacrimal gland HGF, KGF, and EGF mRNA levels increase after corneal epithelial wounding.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of corneal epithelial wounding on lacrimal gland expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the rabbit model. METHODS: Rabbits had corneal epithelial scrape injuries, and the lacrimal gland was removed at different times after wounding. HGF, KGF, and EGF mRNA expression was examined by quantitative RNase protection assay. HGF, KGF, and EGF proteins were detected in rabbit lacrimal tissue using immunoprecipitation and western blot analysis. RESULTS: HGF mRNA and EGF mRNA were significantly increased in rabbit lacrimal gland tissue within 8 hours after corneal epithelial injury. The increase in KGF mRNA expression was small and reached significance I clay after corneal injury. Lacrimal gland expression peaked at 3 days after wounding for each growth factor mRNA, the same day, on average, that the epithelial defect healed. After the peak increase in expression, there was a progressive decline in expression of each growth factor mRNA, but production was still increased compared with prewound levels. HGF protein, KGF protein, and EGF proteins were detected in rabbit lacrimal gland tissue. CONCLUSIONS: Levels of HGF, KGF, and EGF mRNAs increase in rabbit lacrimal gland tissue in response to corneal epithelial wounding. The results of this study are consistent with the existence of a cornea-nervous system-lacrimal gland regulatory loop modulating expression of these growth factor mRNAs. The lacrimal gland is a likely source of increased HGF and EGF proteins detected in tears in previous studies.     

Ocular toxicity of intravitreal clarithromycin.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ocular toxicity and clearance of intravitreal clarithromycin lactobionate (Klaricid) and to determine the highest nontoxic dose. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate toxicity, 24 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into six groups (four rabbits each). Rabbits were examined preoperatively and electroretinography (ERG) was performed. The left eyes of the animals served as controls and received intravitreal injection of 0.1 mL sterile water. Klaricid (0.1 mL) was injected into the midvitreous cavity of the right eyes at concentrations of 25 microg, 250 microg, 500 microg, 1.0 mg, 2.0 mg, and 4.0 mg/0.1 mL. The animals were followed up to 15 days postinjection by clinical examination and ERG. The animals were killed and the eyes were enucleated and processed for light microscopy. Ten New Zealand rabbits were used for the vitreous clearance study as drug test rabbits and two additional rabbits were used to generate control retina and vitreous. The highest nontoxic dose (1 mg) was injected into the vitreous and the concentration of clarithromycin in the vitreous was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography at various time intervals after injection. RESULTS: Cataract occurred after intravitreal doses of 2.0 and 4.0 mg. Electroretinography showed decreasing b-wave amplitude with both dark- and light-adapted stimulus in the 4.0-mg group; it was normal in other groups. Histopathologic sections showed localized retinal necrosis and disorganization with the 2.0 and 4.0 mg dosage. No histologic changes were found in the other groups. The half-life of intravitreal clarithromycin was found to be 2 hours. No metabolites of clarithromycin were observed in the vitreous samples. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal clarithromycin lactobionate is nontoxic to rabbit eyes up to a dose of 1.0 mg. Because of its broad-spectrum antibiotic effect and appropriate half-life in the vitreous, it may be a good choice for intravitreal treatment of susceptible organisms.     

睫状体冷冻术联合巩膜穿刺术治疗绝对期青光眼

目的评价睫状体冷冻术联合巩膜穿刺术在治疗绝对期青光眼中的应用。方法对绝对期青光眼４７眼施行睫状体冷冻术联合巩膜穿刺术,观察术后３ａ内眼压变化。结果全部病例术后高眼压症都获缓解,对术后早期眼压反弹,本术较单纯施行睫状体冷冻术者控制眼压疗效好（Ｐ＜０．０１）,且无副作用和并发症。结论睫状体冷冻术联合巩膜穿刺术是治疗绝对期青光眼更简便、安全、有效的手术选择。     

微量皮质类固醇联合抗病毒药物治疗单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎

目的观察微量皮质类固醇与抗病毒药物合用对单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎（ＨＳＫ）的疗效。方法将１６０例ＨＳＫ患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组用５ｇ·Ｌ－１可的松、１ｇ·Ｌ－１无环鸟苷（ＡＣＶ）和２５ｇ·Ｌ－１三氮唑核苷（ＲＢＶ）３种眼液,对照组用１ｇ·Ｌ－１ＡＣＶ和２５ｇ·Ｌ－１ＲＢＶ２种眼液交替滴眼治疗。结果治疗组治愈率、有效率明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）,治愈时间明显短于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）,随访１４～２４ｍｏ复发率明显低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论在临床上用微量皮质类固醇联合足量有效的抗病毒药物,对上皮型和实质层型ＨＳＫ都能促进其痊愈过程,并可降低复发率。     

眼铁质沉着症临床分析：附7例报告

探讨眼铁质沉着症对眼组织的损害,诊断及常见误诊原因,方法对７例眼铁质沉着症临床资料进行分析。结果６例经手术治疗者随访视力０．３－０．８,但眼底,视野,眼底荧光血管造影及ＥＲＧ检查均显示视网膜,视神经有不同程度的损害。结论眼铁质沉着症常因误诊,漏诊引起,重在预防。     

Design, synthesis, and activity of 2,6-diphenoxypyridine-derived factor Xa inhibitors.

A novel series of 2,6-diphenoxypyridines has been designed to inhibit factor Xa, a serine protease strategically located in the coagulation cascade. The evolution from the photochemically unstable bisamidine (Z,Z)-BABCH to potent bisamidine compounds with a pyridine heterocycle as the core scaffold has been achieved. The most potent compound in the series, 6h, has a Ki for human factor Xa of 12 nM. The selectivity of 6h against bovine trypsin and human thrombin was greater than 90- and 1000-fold, respectively. Two proposed modes of binding of 6h to factor Xa are made based on the crystal structures of 6h by itself and of 6h bound to bovine trypsin.